Juicy Ruby 2.1

JUICY RUBY 2.1David Paluy Jan 2014 Founder of Azorly @dpaluy blog: david.paluy.org

AGENDA

• Overview

• Performance

• Internal Improvements

• Should we migrate?

POLL• Ruby 1.8.7

• JRuby

• Rubinius

• Ruby 1.9.2 -1.9.3

• Ruby 2.0.0

• Ruby 2.1.0

RUBY 2.1OVERVIEW • Refinements

Advice: Don’t use it, unless you really need it!

RUBY 2.1OVERVIEW • Decimals

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• Required Keyword Arguments

RUBY 2.1 OVERVIEW• Method Definition returns Method Name

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• StringScanner supports Named Captures(check references)

PERFORMANCE - HOW TO MEASURE

but better use:

HOW TO MEASURE - HITIMESgem install hitimes

RUBY 2.1 PERFORMANCE

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Source: http://miguelcamba.com/blog/2013/10/05/benchmarking-the-ruby-2-dot-1-and-rubinius-2-dot-0/

RUBY 2.1 INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS

• Profiling support

• Improved ObjectSpace

• Improved GC

• Improved method caching

PROFILING SUPPORT - (C API)stackprof (perftools.rb replacement) https://github.com/tmm1/stackprof

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Sampling modes: cpu, wall, :object, :custom

Read more: http://tmm1.net/ruby21-profiling/

OBJECTSPACE - HEAP DEBUGGING UTILITIES

RGenGC: Restricted Generational Garbage Collection

New generational GC algorithm permits Write-barrier (WB) protected objects AND WB un-protected object in the same heap

• Separate Objects

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• Shady Object points to new Object?We don’t know!

• Decide at Creation Class cares about WB and don’t cares about non-WB

• Normal objects can be changed to Shady objects

RGenGC - Key Idea

OLDGEN AND MINOR MARKING

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• Only protected objects can be promoted to oldgen

• Unprotected objects cannot be promoted, but if referenced from oldgen they are added to a remembered set.

• Minor marks are much faster because they only have to traverse references from the remembered set

TUNING THE GC IN RUBY 2.1Memory allocation → GC • Every time allocate n size memory (call malloc(n))

increase malloc_increase with n

• If malloc_increase > malloc_limit, then cause GC

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Adaptive tuning • If malloc_increase exceeds malloc_limit, then increase malloc_limit

(by a factor of GC_MALLOC_LIMIT_GROWTH_FACTOR) up to GC_MALLOC_LIMIT_MAX

GC ENVIRONMENT PARAMS

GITHUB TWEAKS

METHODS CACHERuby 2.1 introduces a hierarchical class cache similar

to the what Rubinius and JRuby use

Aman Gupta: “Early numbers show up to 5-10% improvements”

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More improvements in Ruby 2.2

PRODUCTION READY?• breaks the faraday gem

• affects the sass gem

• segv inside active_support_4 and other gems

• Performance Patches by funny-falcon

PRODUCTION READY?!!

Aman Gupta’s summary: https://gist.github.com/tmm1/8393897

Github uses Ruby 2.1 in Production

REFERENCES• Konstantin Haase - http://rkh.im/ruby-2.1

• Aaron Patterson - https://practicingruby.com/articles/parsing-json-the-hard-way?u=90296723ac

• Hitimes - https://github.com/copiousfreetime/hitimes

• Ruby Benchmark - https://github.com/acangiano/ruby-benchmark-suite

• Aman Gupta:production summary - https://gist.github.com/tmm1/8393897Ruby 2.1 - http://tmm1.net/ruby21/

• Koichi Sasada - http://rvm.jp/~ko1/activities/rubyconf2013-ko1_pub.pdf

• James Golick - http://jamesgolick.com/2013/4/14/mris-method-caches.html

THANK YOU! @DPALUY