Judaism

JudaismJudaismHistoryHistory

Judaism Judaism is a is a monotheistic monotheistic religion meaning it has a religion meaning it has a belief in belief in oneone God. God.

Judaism has its Judaism has its rootsroots in the in the Promised Land which is also Promised Land which is also known as modern day known as modern day IsraelIsrael

Genesis 12:1-3, 6-7Genesis 12:1-3, 6-7

Covenant- Covenant- an agreement an agreement between 2 or more personsbetween 2 or more personsThe Covenant exists The Covenant exists between between AbrahamAbraham and and GodGod because God promised to because God promised to make Abrahammake Abraham’’s s descendants a great nation descendants a great nation and he would be blessed and he would be blessed with descendants and landwith descendants and land

Wisdom: Sacred WritingsWisdom: Sacred WritingsThe The Hebrew Bible Hebrew Bible is also known as the is also known as the TanakTanak

It is divided into 3 sectionsIt is divided into 3 sections The Torah – The Torah – revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinairevealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai

““the Lawthe Law”” ““PentateuchPentateuch”” –first 5 books of the Bible –first 5 books of the Bible

GenesisGenesis

WisdomWisdomThe The Hebrew Bible Hebrew Bible is also known as the is also known as the TanakTanak

It is divided into 3 sectionsIt is divided into 3 sections The Torah The Torah – – revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinairevealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai


GenesisGenesis

ExodusExodus




GenesisGenesis ExodusExodus

LeviticusLeviticus




GenesisGenesis ExodusExodus LeviticusLeviticus

NumbersNumbers




GenesisGenesis ExodusExodus LeviticusLeviticus NumbersNumbers

DeuteronomyDeuteronomy

WisdomWisdom The Prophets- The Prophets- trace the trace the

history of the Torahhistory of the Torah The Writings - The Writings - ““wisdom wisdom

booksbooks”” which include the which include the Psalms, Proverbs, Song of Psalms, Proverbs, Song of Songs, etc.Songs, etc.

Wisdom:Wisdom:Oral TraditionsOral Traditions

1. 1. Mishnah means Mishnah means ””to repeat, to studyto repeat, to study””•the part of the Law that was the part of the Law that was passed down passed down orallyorally, then put into , then put into writingwriting

•was written down in was written down in 200 C. E. 200 C. E. •deals with issues as how to deals with issues as how to observe Sabbath, festivals, observe Sabbath, festivals, marriage, divorce, buying, selling, marriage, divorce, buying, selling, eating eating

Wisdom:Wisdom:Oral TraditionsOral Traditions

2. The teachings of the Rabbis – 2. The teachings of the Rabbis – TalmudTalmudRabbi means “Rabbi means “teacherteacher””Contains the Contains the teachingsteachings of the of the Jewish rabbis for the first few Jewish rabbis for the first few centuriescenturies

purpose to educate how to live purpose to educate how to live out the out the TorahTorah in in daily lifedaily life..

Worship Worship Worship at Worship at HomeHome

1.1. Worship begins in the home because Worship begins in the home because homehome and and familyfamily are seen as very are seen as very importantimportant parts of life. parts of life.

2.2. Is Is importantimportant to make sure that an to make sure that an intentionintention behind a behind a prayerprayer is is goodgood

3.3. Prayer will deepen their Prayer will deepen their relationshiprelationship with with GodGod

4.4. Thank God for the Thank God for the blessingsblessings received received

Worship: Worship: PrayerPrayer

1.1. Most Jews use a prayer book called a Most Jews use a prayer book called a SiddurSiddur which is used at home or at which is used at home or at synagoguesynagogue

2.2. TheThe Shema Israel Shema Israel Is the prayer that most Is the prayer that most prayers begin with. prayers begin with.

““Hear O Israel: The Lord is our God, Hear O Israel: The Lord is our God, the Lord alone. You shall love the the Lord alone. You shall love the

Lord, your God, with all your, Lord, your God, with all your, heart, and with all your soul and heart, and with all your soul and with all your might.with all your might.””

Deuteronomy 6:4-6:5Deuteronomy 6:4-6:5

Worship:Worship:PrayerPrayer

3. The Shema is written down on 3. The Shema is written down on scrollsscrolls and then placed in boxes and then placed in boxes called called Mezuzah. Mezuzah. TheseThese are placed in are placed in the the doorwaysdoorways of houses or buildings. of houses or buildings.

4. 4. TefillinTefillin are small leather boxes are small leather boxes that contain the Shema prayer. They that contain the Shema prayer. They are worn on the head and arms are worn on the head and arms during prayer services. . during prayer services. .

WorshipWorshipThe SynagogueThe Synagogue

1.1. Synagogue means Synagogue means ““a place of meeting or a place of meeting or assemblyassembly”” and this is where Jews meet to and this is where Jews meet to worshipworship

2.2. Most of the time Jews pray standing up, but they Most of the time Jews pray standing up, but they may bow as they refer to God the Kingmay bow as they refer to God the King

3.3. On certain holy days, the Jews may kneel as a On certain holy days, the Jews may kneel as a sign of sign of humilityhumility before God before God

4.4. Some synagogues are referred to as Some synagogues are referred to as templestemples in in memory of the temple in Jerusalemmemory of the temple in Jerusalem

Worship: WhatWorship: What’’ss inside a inside a SynagogueSynagogue

1.1. The Ark – The Ark – a large cupboard a large cupboard that stores the scrolls of the that stores the scrolls of the Torah and other holy Torah and other holy writings.writings.

Worship: WhatWorship: What’’ss inside a inside a SynagogueSynagogue

2. The Eternal Light – 2. The Eternal Light – it burns as a it burns as a sign of God’s eternal covenant with sign of God’s eternal covenant with the Israelitesthe Israelites3. The Ten Commandments – 3. The Ten Commandments – Above Above the ark are two tablets symbolizing the ark are two tablets symbolizing the Ten Commandments . Theythe Ten Commandments . Theyremind the congregation of the Ten remind the congregation of the Ten Commandments given to MosesCommandments given to Moses

WhatWhat’’ss inside a Synagogue inside a Synagogue4. Reading Desk - 4. Reading Desk - In the centre of the In the centre of the synagogue is a reading desk from synagogue is a reading desk from which the scrolls are readwhich the scrolls are read

5. 5. Rabbi- Rabbi- the teacher or master who is the teacher or master who is the leader of the Jewish community, the leader of the Jewish community, leads prayers or gives talks, conducts leads prayers or gives talks, conducts services such as weddings, bar services such as weddings, bar mitzvahs, or burials.mitzvahs, or burials.

Review: Review: Rabbi – means Rabbi – means ““teacherteacher”” or or ““mastermaster””

WorksWorks

1.1. Follow the Follow the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments

WorksWorks


2.2. Keep holy the Keep holy the SabbathSabbath

WorksWorks



3.3. Observe Observe Dietary LawsDietary Laws

WorksWorks




4.4. Educate themselves on the Educate themselves on the scripturesscriptures

WorksWorks





5.5. Care for Care for everyone in the community everyone in the community

WorksWorks





5.5. Care for Care for everyone in the community everyone in the community

6.6. Follow the Follow the 613 religious laws613 religious laws

called called MitzvotMitzvot

SabbathSabbath

1.1. The Sabbath is a The Sabbath is a Holy day Holy day of rest of rest

2.2. It begins on It begins on FridayFriday before before sundownsundown and lasts until and lasts until SaturdaySaturday at sundown at sundown

3.3. Jews are forbidden to engage in Jews are forbidden to engage in any activity that falls under the any activity that falls under the 39 categories of 39 categories of ““workwork””

The activities banned on the Sabbath are not The activities banned on the Sabbath are not ““workwork”” in the usual sensein the usual sense

Dietary LawsDietary LawsKosher means: Kosher means: good,good, pure, clean & pure, clean & proper. proper. It is therefore food that is It is therefore food that is

fit (kashrut) for Jewish people fit (kashrut) for Jewish people

to eatto eat

For those who keep kosher, For those who keep kosher, observance of the dietary laws is an observance of the dietary laws is an opportunity for:opportunity for:

a.a.Obedience to GodObedience to God

b.b.Preserving Jewish unity and Preserving Jewish unity and identityidentity

The Laws of KashrutThe Laws of Kashrut Kosher (permitted) Trayf (forbidden)

Ritually slaughter beef, sheep, goats and deer with no flaws or diseases

Pork, camel, rabbit, rodents, reptiles, and any animal that died of natural causes


Ritually slaughter beef, sheep goats and deer with no flaws or diseases


Chicken, turkey, quail, geese Eagle, hawk, vulture





Salmon, tuna, carp, herring, cod Crab, lobster, octopus, clam, swordfish, sturgeon






Meat eaten separately from dairy Meat with dairy (e.g., cheeseburger, burger & shake, chicken cordon bleu)







Wine or grape juice made under Jewish supervision

Any other wine and grape juice







Wine or grape juice made under Jewish supervision

Any other wine and grape juice

Soft cheese and kosher hard cheese Most hard cheese

Festivals or Holy DaysFestivals or Holy Days

Passover (Pesach)Passover (Pesach)Passover Passover is a festival commemorating is a festival commemorating God sparing the Jews when He killed the God sparing the Jews when He killed the first born of Egyptfirst born of Egypt

No leaven food is eaten during the week No leaven food is eaten during the week of Pesach in commemoration of the Jews of Pesach in commemoration of the Jews leaving so fast that their bread did not leaving so fast that their bread did not have time to risehave time to rise


Passover (Pesach)Passover (Pesach)

It is in remembrance of when the It is in remembrance of when the angel of death passed over the angel of death passed over the Hebrew homes the night before they Hebrew homes the night before they fled from Egyptfled from Egypt. .


Hanukkah (Festival of Hanukkah (Festival of LightsLights))

Commemorates the Maccabee Commemorates the Maccabee miraclemiracle of the day supply of of the day supply of oiloil that lasted that lasted 8 days8 days

Jews light candles for eight days Jews light candles for eight days on a on a menorah.menorah.

Festivals or Holy DaysFestivals or Holy DaysYom Kippur - (Day of Atonement)Yom Kippur - (Day of Atonement)

… … is the is the HoliestHoliest day of the year day of the year

There is a 25 hour There is a 25 hour fastfast from from sunsetsunset to to nightfallnightfall

They practice public and private They practice public and private

confessionconfession after which one is after which one is

considered to be absolved considered to be absolved

by Godby God

Judaism

Education

writings wisdomwisdom

lawthe law pentateuch

torahthe torah

betweenthe covenant

godbecause god

song of songs

alsopromised land

great nation anddescendants