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比較内分泌学
mic dentinogenesis in the rabbit incisor: circa-dian, ultradian, and infradian periods, Calcif Tiss Int, 32, 29-44.
15) Schour I, 1953. Noyes’ Oral Histology and Embryology, with Laboratory Directions, Lea
24 edible plants edible parts 10-5,300 pg/g FW RIA; HPLC-FD Hattori et al. 1995Chenopodium rubrum shoots up to 250 pg/g FW LC-MS/MS; RIA Kol_r et al. 1997feverfewSt. John's wortScutellaria species
leaves and flowersleaves and flowersleaves
1.4-2.5 _g/g DW1.8-4.4 _g/g DW0.1-7.1 _g/g DW
not reported Murch et al. 1997
15 species of edible plants seeds 2-190 ng/g DW RIA; HPLC-ECD Manchester et al. 2000
morning glory shoots up to 12 pg/g FW GC-MS; RIA Van Tassel DL et al.2001
Chenopodium rubrum shoots 100 pg/g FW LC-MS/MS Wolf et al. 2001tart cherries fruits 2-13 ng/g FW HPLC-ECD Burkhardt et al. 2001
St. John's wort developing flowers up to 4,000 nmol/g FW HPLC-ECD; LC-MS/MS; RIA Murch and Saxena 2002
Chinese medicinal herbs various organs up to 3,800 ng/g DW HPLC-FD; LC-MS/MS Chen et al. 2003
cucumber seeds 11 ng/g FW HPLC-EC Posmyk et al. 2009
Datura metel developing flowersand fruits up to 50 ng/g FW HPLC-MS/MS Murch et al. 2009
FW: fresh weight, DW: dry weight, HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography, ECD: electrochemical detection, FD: flu-orescence detection, LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry, GC-MS: gas chromatography - mass spec-trometry, RIA: radioimmunoassay, LC-TOF/MS: liquid chromatography with time-of-flight/mass spectrometry.
表2 植物発達におけるメラトニンの影響Melatonin's function Plant species Reference
regulation of mitosis African blood lily Jackson 1969mitotic arrest onion Banerjee and Margulis 1973delaying flower induction Chenopodium rubrum Kol_r et al. 2003stimulation of hypocotyls growth lupin Hernandez-Ruiz et al. 2004attenuation of cold-induced apoptosis carrot suspension cells Lei et al. 2004stimulation of coleoptile and root growth canary grass, wheat, barley and oat Hernandez-Ruiz et al. 2005adventitious and lateral root regeneration lupin Arnao and Hernandez-Ruiz 2007protection against chlorophyll degradation barley Arnao et al. 2008protection of seeds germination against toxic copper ions red cabbage Posmyk et al. 2008
stimulation of root growth mustard Chen et al. 2008protection of seeds germination against chilling stress cucumber Posmyk et al. 2009
報とツール整備が我が国の研究者により強力に進められており、世界的に注目を集めている次世代モデル植物である。トマトNBRPでは、このマイクロトムを基盤とした変異体、完全長cDNAクローンおよびBACライブラーの整備、統合データベースの構築を実施している8, 9)。これらのリソースに加えて、マイクロトムの高効率形質転換技術の開発10)や高効率変異体選抜技術であるTILLING(Tar-geting induced local lesions in genomes)プラットホーム開発(未発表)などのツール開発も行われ、これらの技術がルーティンで使用できる状態になっている。
Schnakenberg E, Ehlers C, Schiwara HW, Schloot W, 1995. Melatonin in edible plants identified by radioimmunoassay and by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pineal Res 18, 28-31
2 ) Hattori A, Migitaka H, Iigo M, Itoh M, Yamamoto K, Ohtani-Kaneko R, Hara M, Suzuki T, Reiter RJ, 1995. Identification of melatonin in plants and its effects on plasma melatonin levels and binding to melatonin re-ceptors in vertebrates. Biochem Mol Biol Int 35, 627-634.
3 ) Lei XY, Zhu RY, Zhang GY and Dai YR, 2004. Attenuation of cold-induced apoptosis by exogenous melatonin in carrot suspension
cells: the possible involvement of polyamines. J Pineal Res 36, 126-131
4 ) Chen Q, Qi WB, Reiter RJ, Wei W and Wang BM, 2009. Exogenously applied melatonin stimulates root growth and raises endogenous indoleacetic acid in roots of etiolated seedlings of Brassica juncea. J Plant Physiol 166, 324-328
5 ) Okazaki M, Ezura H, 2009. Profiling of mela-tonin in model tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Micro-Tom. J Pineal Res 43, 338-343
6 ) Okazaki M, Higuchi K, Hanawa Y, Shiraiwa Y, Ezura H, 2009. Cloning and characterization of a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cDNA arylal-kylamine N-acetyltransferase and its use in the genetic engineering of melatonin content in the Micro-Tom tomato. J Pineal Res 43, 373-382
7 ) Okazaki M, Higuchi K, Aouni A, Ezura H, 2010. Lowering intercellular melatonin by
transgenic analysis of indoleamine 2,3-dioxy-genase from rice in tomato plants. Journal of Pineal Research. (In press).
8 ) Matsukura C, Aoki K, Fukuda N, Mizoguchi T, Asamizu E, Saito T, Shibata D, Ezura H, 2008. Comprehensive resources for tomato functional genomics based on the miniature model tomato Micro-Tom. Current Genom-ics 9, 436-443
9 ) Aoki K, Yano K, Suzuki A, Kawamura S, Sakurai N, Suda K, Kurabayashi A, Suzuki T, Tsugane T, Watanabe M, Ooga K, Torii M, Takahashi H, Watanabe Y, Kodama M, Ichi-
nose Y, Kikuchi M, Fukushima S, Okabe A, Arie T, Sato Y, Yazawa K, Satoh S, Omura T, Ezura H, Shibata D, 2010. Laerge-scale analy-sis of full-length cDNAs from the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivar Micro-Tom, a reference system for the Solanaceae genomics. BMC Genomics 30; 11(1): 210.
10) Sun HJ, Uchii S, Watanabe S, Ezura H, 2006. A highly efficient transformation protocol for Micro-Tom, a model cultivar of tomato func-tional genomics. Plant Cell Physiology 47, 426-431