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比較内分泌学
EG, 2005. Long-term treatment of ghrelin stimulates feeding, fat deposition, and alters the GH/IGF-I axis in the tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 142, 234-240.
8 ) Fox BK, Riley LG, Dorough C, Kaiya H, Hirano T, Grau EG, 2007. Eµects of homolo-gous ghrelins on the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-I in the tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Zoolog. Sci. 24, 391-400.
結果、Thyrostimulin以外に糖タンパク質ホルモン遺伝子に該当するものは存在しなかった。次に日本産のナメクジウオB. belcheriからGPB5のcDNAを単離してアミノ酸配列を決定し、ヒトFSHβの三次元構造を鋳型として立体構造モデリングを行ったところ、Cys-tine-knotモチーフを形成する三次元構造を確認できた。RT-PCRでは頭部、エラ、生殖腺等の様々な器官へのGPB5遺伝子の発現がみられた。頭部における遺伝子発現を In situ hybridizationで詳細に調べると、神経索では前方の第六~第八筋節の間の背側に存在する細胞に局在がみられた(図1)。下垂体の原基であると考えられてきたハチェック窩10)には遺伝子発現は認められなかった。
本論文は、Expression of the gene for ances-tral glycoprotein hormone subsubunit in the nerve cord of amphioxus (Tando Y, Kuboka-wa K)と題し、Gen Comp Endocrinol, (2009) 162, 329-339に発表した。また、本稿では紹介していないが、Thyrostimulin α鎖の遺伝子発現については、A hnomolog of the ver-tebrate thyrostimulin glycoprotein hormone α subunit (GPA2) is expressed in amphiox-us neurons (Tando Y. Kubokawa K), Zool Sci., (2009) 26, 409-414に発表した。
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4 ) Nakabayashi K, Matsumi H, Bhalla A, Bae J, Mosselman S, Hsu SY, Hsueh AJ, 2002. ¦yrostimulin, a heterodimer of two new hu-man glycoprotein hormone subunits, activates the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. J Clin Invest, 109, 1445-1452.
5 ) Macdonald LE, Wortley KE, Gowen LC, Anderson KD, Murray JD, Poueymirou WT, Simmons MV, Barber D, Valenzuela DM, Economides AN, Wiegand SJ, Yancopoulos GD, Sleeman MW, Murphy AJ, 2005. Resis-tance to diet-induced obesity in mice globally overexpressing OGH/GPB5. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 102, 2496-2501.
6 ) Hsu SY, Nakabayashi K, Bhalla A, 2002. Evo-lution of glycoprotein hormone subunit genes in bilateral metazoa: identification of two novel human glycoprotein hormone subunit family genes, GPA2 and GPB5. Mol Endocri-nol, 16, 1538-1551.
7 ) Sudo S, Kuwabara Y, Park JI, Hsu SY, Hsueh AJ, 2005. Heterodimeric fly glycoprotein hormone-(2 (GPA2) and glycoprotein hor-mone-(5 (GPB5) activate fly leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled recep-tor-1 (DLGR1) and stimulation of human thyrotropin receptors by chimeric fly GPA2 and human GPB5. Endocrinology, 146, 3596-3604.
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