LUNA Journey to the Moon
Jan 11, 2016
LUNAJourney to the Moon
Characteristics
384,000 Km away from earth Diameter of 3,476 Km Density is 1/80th of Earth Temperature range: 130°C to -180°C No atmosphere No liquid water, Ice at Poles
Moon’s Surface3 major Features
Maria: Dark flat areas due to lava flowsLatin for seas. Galileo thought
there were oceans Craters: Large round pits
Caused by impact of meteoroids Chunks of rock or dust
Highlands: Light-colored features that are mountains
Origin of the Moon
Planet sized object crashed into earth
Mantle material and outer layer ejected into space
Forms a ring around Earth Gravity formed into Moon
Traveling into Space
Rocket: a device that expels gas in one direction to move the rocket in the other direction
A rocket moves forward when gases shooting out the back of the rocket push it in the opposite direction
2 Forces: Action and Reaction
Action and Reaction
Law of Physics: For every force, or action, there is an equal and opposite force, or reaction.
Thrust: Reaction force that propels a rocket forward Depends upon mass and speed of gases Greater the thrust the greater the velocity
Action Force: Rocket pushes gases out Reaction Force: Gases push rocket
forward
Orbital and EscapeVelocity
Escape Velocity: Velocity a rocket must reach to fly beyond a planet’s gravitational pull
Orbital Velocity: The velocity a rocket must achieve to establish an orbit around Earth.
What is the advantage of a multistage rocket?
Multistage Rocket
NASA National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Established 1958
Mercury Missions: 1959 – 1963 How do we get into space
Gemini Mission: 1961 – 1966 Travel, maneuvering, living in space, how
do we get to the moon Apollo Missions: 1961 – 1972
Getting a man to the moon, landing and getting them back safely