JOURNAL #14 – WAVES AND TELESCOPES 1.How much of the electromagnetic spectrum can we see as visible light? 2.What was the name of the first artificial.

JOURNAL #14 – WAVES AND TELESCOPES

1. How much of the electromagnetic spectrum can we see as visible light?

2. What was the name of the first artificial satellite?

3. What mission landed man on the moon?

Objective: Understanding the electromagnetic spectrum and visions of

space through time.

WAVES AND TELESCOPES

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

• Waves – how energy travels through space

• Mechanical Waves: cannot travel through empty space; sound wave

• Electromagnetic Waves: microwaves, radio, visible light

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

• Electromagnetic Waves

• Travel at a speed of 300,000 km/s

• Length Decreases, Frequency Increases

TELESCOPES

• Refracting Telescope

• Light passes through a convex lens to form an image at a focal point

TELESCOPES

• Reflecting Telescope

• Light is reflected off of a concave mirror to form an image at a focal point

TELESCOPES

• Radio Telescope

• Radio waves strike a large, curved dish and are reflected to a receiver

TELESCOPES

• Observatory

• A large building that houses a telescope

• Domed roof that opens

TELESCOPES

• Hubble Space Telescope

• Reflecting telescope

• April 25th, 1990

• Unclear images due to incorrectly shaped mirror

• December 1993, astronauts replaced the mirror

TELESCOPES

• Purpose of Telescopes

• Produce better images because Earth’s atmosphere absorbs and distorts energy from space

• Should be above the atmosphere

• Galileo Galilei perfected the telescope in 1608

SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES

• Satellite

• An object that revolves around another

• First artificial (man made) satellite: Sputnik 1

• Launched by former USSR, 1957

• Orbit Time: 3 months

SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES

• Earth’s Natural Satellite

• The moon

• Orbit Time: 1 month

SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES

• Space Probe

• Instrument that gathers information and sends it back to Earth

• Carry cameras, radio transmitters, receivers, weather instruments, earthquake detectors, etc.

SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES

• Viking 1 (1975)

• Mapped Mars

• Lander searched for life

• Magellan (1990)

• Mapped Venus

• Probed atmosphere

SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES

• Voyager 1 & 2

• Passed outer planets

• Now resides in deep space

• Galileo

• Studied Jupiter

• Probed atmosphere

PEOPLE IN SPACE

• Yuri Gagarin

• USSR, 1961

• First to orbit Earth; 108 minutes

• Project Mercury

• Goal: orbit piloted spacecraft around Earth successfully

PEOPLE IN SPACE

• Alan B. Shepard

• First US citizen in space

• 1961

PEOPLE IN SPACE

• John Glenn, Jr

• US, 1962

• First US citizen to orbit Earth

PEOPLE IN SPACE• Project Gemini

• Goal: two teams of astronauts to meet and connect their spacecraft's in space

• Essential for return trip to the moon

• July 20th, 1969 Apollo 11 landed on the moon with Neil Armstrong, Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, Michael Collins