JONATHAN BAYLIN - saia.org.uk · BRAIN CIRCUIT FOR REFLECTION, INTROSPECTION, SELF-RELATED THINKING Emotional/affective Salience. ... MINDFUL, COMPASSIONATE, NON-DEFENSIVE, SURPRISINGLY

The Power of DDP - International DDP Conference - Glasgow 2016

MISTRUST TO TRUST: THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF

ATTACHMENT-FOCUSED THERAPY

JONATHAN BAYLIN


EXPERIENCE-DEPENDENT BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

NURTURING CARE FRIGHTENING CARE

SOCIAL BUFFERING CO-REGULATION OF

AFFECT SAFETY TO BE CURIOUS GROWTH-PROMOTING

TRUSTING BRAINMISTRUSTING BRAIN

SELF SOOTHING SELF PROVISIONING CONSTANT WARINESS GROWTH-SUPPRESSING


BLOCKED TRUST: WHEN YOUNG CHILDREN BLOCK THE PAIN OF REJECTION AND THE CAPACITY TO DELIGHT IN ORDER TO SURVIVE IN A WORLD WITHOUT COMFORT AND JOY

BLOCKED CHANGE: MUTUAL MISTRUST AND DEFENSIVENESS IN PARENT/

CHILD RELATIONSHIP

BLOCKED CARE: WHEN THE CHILD’S

BLOCKED TRUST TRIGGERS THE

SUPPRESSION OF CARING IN THE CARER

3


MID BRAIN ALARM SYSTEM: ORIENTING, APPRAISING, REACTING….. 50-100 MSEC

SUPERIORCOLLICULUS

MID BRAIN ALARM SYSTEM: IMPLICIT, NONVERBAL MEMORIES OF FRIGHTENINGEXPERIENCES…. “EPICENTER” OF DEVEOPMENTAL TRAUMA

Amygdala

PAG


SOCIAL BUFFERING: TAMING THE CHILD’S MID-BRAIN DEFENSE SYSTEM

L

B

Ce

HYPERVIGILANCE:LOCUS COERULEUS(NOREPINEPHRINE)

PAG: DEFENSIVEBEHAVIORS (FIGHT/FLIGHT/FREEZE)

HPA: STRESS RESPONSESYSTEM (CORTISOL,CRH, ETC)

AMYGDALA

SOCIALBUFFERING

5


BLOCKED CHANGE: MUTUAL DEFENSE SOCIETY

WHEN AN ADULT RESPONDS IN KIND TO A CHILD’SMISTRUSTING, DEFENSIVE BEHAVIOR, THERE IS NO“NEWS OF A DIFFERENCE”, JUST FURTHER REINFORCEMENTOF THE CHILD’S AUTOMATIC MISTRUST

MUTUAL MISTRUST

BLOCKED CHANGE:NO SURPRISES 6


Interplay of the Salience and Default Mode Networks: when affective intensity degrades the DMN and diminishes capacity for self reflection

mpfcMpfc= middle prefrontal cortex

“CATCH ANDRELEASE”

Precuneus/inferior Parietal region

DEFAULT MODE NETWORK (DMN):BRAIN CIRCUIT FOR REFLECTION, INTROSPECTION, SELF-RELATED THINKING

Emotional/affective Salience


Social Pain Management: The Opioid Defense System

Uh-oh! I better not

cry or be seen. I

will use my opioids

to block the pain so

I won’t need

comfort

8

VERYPOORCARE

The Power of DDP - International DDP Conference - Glasgow 2016Attachment and the Separation Distress System: When There is No Social Bufferer……….

“When we begin to understand the nature of the separation distress system at the neurobiological level, we may learn how to disentangle the damage wrought by emotional misfortunes” Jaak Panksepp, 2001)

The Separation CallAnd Maternal ResponseSystem: The AnteriorCingulate Cortex (ACC)

REACTIVATING THESEPARATION DISTRESSSYSTEM IS CRUCIAL FORHELPING DEFENSIVECHILDREN LEARN TO TRUST

I feel like I’mAbout to cry

9

The Power of DDP - International DDP Conference - Glasgow 2016ENRICHED CARE: SCAFFOLDING THE CHILD’S JOURNEY FROM MISTRUST TO TRUST

11/7/2016 jbaylin 10

safe unsafe

MINDFUL, COMPASSIONATE, NON-DEFENSIVE, SURPRISINGLYACCEPTING CARE THAT GRADUALLY BUFFERS THE CHILD’SHYPERSENSITIVE DEFENSE SYSTEM, AWAKENS THE PFC, ANDPROMOTES FEAR EXTINCTION, REVERSAL LEARNING ,AND REAPPRAISAL

ENRICHEDCARE: DEEPLYCOMPASSIONATE

UNSAFE TO SAFE,MISTRUST TO TRUST


PACE Playfulness: Light, hopeful, open and

spontaneous

Acceptance: Unconditionally directed at all of the experience of the other

Curiosity: Nonjudgmental, not-knowing, active interest in the other’s experience

Empathy: Felt sense of the other; actively experienced and communicated.

11


NEUROBIOLOGY OF SOCIAL REVERSAL LEARNING: DOPAMINE, ANTICIPATION, AND SURPRISE…. POSITIVE PREDICTION ERRORS IN THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX

DOPAMINE NEURONSLEARN WHAT TOAPPROACH AND AVOIDAND HOW TO DO IT

THEN THE DOPAMINE NEURONS FIRE IN ANTICIPATIONOF POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE REACTIONS FROM OTHERPEOPLE

PACEFUL PARENTING CAN SURPRISE THE DOPAMINESYSTEM WITH UNPREDICTABLY POSITIVE REACTIONSTO A CHILD WHOSE BRAIN IS EXPECTING REJECTION/ABUSE

POSITIVE PREDICTION ERRORS:PPEs SUPPORT REVERSAL LEARNING


13

SAFETY MESSAGING: ON BEING AN AMYGDALA WHISPERING, SOCIAL BUFFERING, BRAIN AWAKENING CINGULATOR…….

02/22/16

Adult’s compassionate state of mind towards the child enables the adult

to send calming nonverbal messages to the child’s amygdala, facilitating

the switching process in the child’s brain from defensiveness to

engagement

PACE: PLAYFULNESS, ACCEPTANCE,

CURIOSITY,EMPATHY

SOCIAL

BUFFERING:

SENDING SAFETY

MESSAGES INTO

THE BRAIN OF THE

MISTRUSTING

PERSON

FACE (KIND

EYES)

VOICE

(PROSODY)

SOOTHING

TOUCH


Shifting From Mistrust to Trust: THE ELEMENT OF SURPRISE

14

CHILD’s Brain On Mistrust

And Defense-based LivingCHILD’s Brain On Trust

And Connection

PLAYFULNESS

ACCEPTANCE

CURIOSITY

EMPATHY

PACE

SURPRISING THE

MISTRUSTING

BRAIN BY VIOLATING

EXPECTATIONS ABOUT

CAREGIVER’S REACTIONS

PACE AS A FORMULA FOR THERAPEUTIC CONFUSION:

DISCOMBOBULATING THE CHILD’S NEGATIVE EXPECTATIONS

AND ACTIVATING THE CHILD’S CURIOSITY…… “YOU’RE WEIRD”


GOOD CARE: BUFFERING THE DEFENSE SYSTEM, AWAKENING THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX, FOSTERING CONNECTIONS


The Mindful Brain: Reflection and Attunement in the Cultivation of Well-Being

Daniel Siegel

mPFC:10/32

amygdala11/7/2016 bayiln 16


Minding feelings: Attending to what’s coming up without becoming absorbed in it

mpfc

Mpfc= middle prefrontal cortex

“CATCH AND RELEASE”


CORE CONCEPTS: THE STEPS TO HEALING CHILDHOOD TRAUMA

SOCIAL BUFFERING AND TRUSTBUILDING:COREGULATING THE CHILD’S NEGATIVE EMOTIONSAND QUIETING THE HYPERACTIVE SALIENCE NETWORK

AWAKENING THE SUPPRESSED ATTACHMENTSYSTEM AND THE CAREGIVING SYSTEM: CREATINGNEW POSITIVE EXPERIENCES OF BEING NURTURED

REPROCESSING IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT FEAR-DRIVENMEMORIES IN CONTEXT OF A SAFE RELATIONSHIP:DESENSITIZATION AND RECONSOLIDATION

CO-CONSTRUCTING NEW MEANING AND DEVELOPING COHERENT NARRATIVES TOREPLACE TRAUMA-DRIVEN BELIEFS

18


extinction

reversal

reflection

reappraisal

ADULT

CHILD

conflictresolution

FEAR extinctionREVERSALLEARNING

reflection

Conflict resolution:APPROACH/AVOID

REAPPRAISAL

19

DDP: PACING THETHE CHILD’SJOURNEY FROMBLOCKED TRUSTTO TRUST

PACE

JONATHAN BAYLIN - saia.org.uk · BRAIN CIRCUIT FOR REFLECTION, INTROSPECTION, SELF-RELATED THINKING Emotional/affective Salience. ... MINDFUL, COMPASSIONATE, NON-DEFENSIVE, SURPRISINGLY

Documents