John Hoffmann Introduction to USGS Arizona Program and Hydrology USGS USGS Geology Geology Mapping Mapping Biology Biology Water Water Water-Science Centers Water-Science Centers
Dec 30, 2015
John Hoffmann
Introduction to USGS Arizona Program and Hydrology
USGSUSGSGeologyGeologyMappingMappingBiologyBiologyWaterWater
Water-Science CentersWater-Science Centers
USGS Water-Science Center
Physical Setting
Offices, staff, funding
Hydrology
Programs
Laws influencing programs
Example programs
AZWSC Organization and Staff
Program/ support group
AZWSC, main office Tucson (~70 total)
Tucson Field Office
Office for Northern AZ Programs
Tempe Field Office
Yuma Field Office
Hydrologic Data Program
6 7 8 9 8
Hydrologic Investigations & Research Programs
23 8
Administrative Services and Computer Support
8
AZWSC Funding, FY06
20%
11%
2%
15%
47%
3%
2% Federal NonMatchingFunds
Federal MatchingFunds
DOI Cost Share
Reimbursablematched
Reimbursableunmatched
Working CapitalFunds
FacilitiesAppropriationTotal Funding Estimate: $10 million
Cooperators}
The importance of understanding Arizona’s water resources
1990 20302000 2010 2020YEAR
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POPULATION INSOUTHWEST
PERCENT OF U.S.POPULATION
Importance of Ground-Water to the West
Percentage of drinking water supplied by ground water
Ground-water resources of Arizona
Alluvial basins (Basin and Range physiographic province)72 basins—primary source of ground water; 900 million acre-ft
Filled with sediments ranging from a few thousand to 10,000 ft thick
Basins categorized to allow transfer of information and allow investigators to make predictions about the impacts of future development within each group
Note:Mountain ranges surrounding the basins are crystalline and yield little to no water
SP
RIN
GS
Low-permeability
rocks
Flow system conceptual model:Colorado Plateau
SP
RIN
GS
Influence of Laws on USGS AzWSC Program(Melcher)
Colorado Rover Compact, 1922 CR Storage Project Act, 1956 Supreme Court Decree Act, 1956 Grand Canyon Protection Act, 1992; National Environmental Policy Act,
1969; 18 others Endangered Species Act, 1973 Arizona Groundwater Management
Act, 1980/Rural Watershed Initiative Nuclear Water Policy Act, 1982 Clean Water Act, 1989 Section 321 of the Defense
Authorization Bill, 2004 Title II of Yavapai County land
Exchange Bill, 2005 Transboundary Aquifer Bill, 2006
Lower Colorado River Decree Accounting Project
Grand Canyon Sediment transport Project,
C aquifer Project
Rural Watershed Investigations Aquifer Storage an Subsidence
Project Death Valley Regional GW Flow
Model Urban Runoff San Pedro River Verde River Watershed
Border aquifers
Law Program
Water-management related
Aquifer-Storage Change and Subsidence
Monitoring Stations in the TAMA
Directed by Arizona ground-water law (Arizona Groundwater Management Act, 1980) to attain an annual balance between ground-water withdrawals
(Qout) and recharge (Qin) by
the year 2025
Qin = Qout
ΔStorage = 0
Qin – Qout= ΔStorage
Original Water Table
Volume of Aquifer Drained
Aquifer Storage Change
Specific Yield
×Water Table After Pumping
Aquifer Storage Change
g = -kx/mass
x
GravityThe simplest type of gravimeter essentially measures the
extension of a spring attached to a control mass.
unconfined aquifer
Δ
water table before pumpingwater table after pumping
Δ
-60,000 acre-ft~0.4 ft per year
Storage Change in a portion of the Tucson
Basin
Spring 2005 – Summer 2006
Qin – Qout= ΔStorage
Determine the Effects of Ground-Water
Overdraft on:
Aquatic Communities
Riparian Areas
Endangered Species
Theoretical capture by pumping for 50 years
Upper San Pedro Basin in SE Arizona
Introduction to USGS Arizona Program and Hydrology
Questions?
Next up: Jim Leenhouts--San Pedro James Callagary—Geophysical tools