John Gutteridge Office of Nuclear Energy U.S. Department of Energy September 17-20, 2007 Test Research and Training Reactors Meeting Education, Outreach.

John GutteridgeOffice of Nuclear Energy

U.S. Department of Energy

September 17-20, 2007

Test Research and Training Reactors Meeting

Education, Outreach and Training:NE’s Changing RoleLincoln City, Oregon

Gutteridge/Sep17_07 TRTR – Oregon.ppt (2)

Items for Discussion

♦ Current/Future Status of NE University Program• Program Development• Enrollments• Congressional actions/calendars

♦ Recent University Awards• NERI-C• GNEP Readiness

♦ Fuel Program• Plans for 2007-2009

• Conversions 2006 →♦ Outreach

• Harnessed Atom• Recruitment Video

♦ Summary


Where We’ve Been – 1997-2006

♦ The Road to the University Program

• Support for research, reactors, students, faculty, outreach, fuel, minority institutions, etc.

♦ Politically Popular Program

♦ Many Initiatives Along the Way

• INIE

• Radiochemistry

• “Harnessed Atom”

• Junior Faculty


The Current Situation

♦ University Program “zeroed” for FY 2007 and FY 2008

♦ Fuel support continues ($3.0M in FY 2008)

♦ “Mortgages” fully funded with FY 2007 funds

♦ Worked with university community to develop a new basis for supporting university nuclear engineering research and infrastructure


University Program (UP) Early Developments

♦ Pre-UP (before 1992)

• Fuel for university reactors – NE

• International Student Exchange Program (ISEP)

• Fellowships/Scholarships – NE, others

• Support for reactor maintenance – Office of Science


1992 → TodayUniversity Program Activities Take Hold

1992 Matching Grants – Commonwealth Edison (Exelon)

Mid 1990’sReactor Sharing, Reactor Upgrades, Formal NEHP Program, “Splitting Atoms” video (middle schools)

Late 1990’sNuclear Engineering and Education Research (NEER) Program, Morgan State Bridge, Program, Radiochemistry

Early 2000’s

University (Minority) Partnerships, Summer Lab Internships, Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education (INIE), ANS Outreach (teacher workshops), HP Fellows becomes stand-alone program, “Harnessed Atom” Teaching Module (high school)

2006

Junior Faculty Awards

Video – “Nuclear Engineering – A Fulfilling Career” (high school)


University Program Timeline (Approximations)

Pre 1990 1992 1997 1998 1999 2001 2002/03 2005 2006

FuelPurchased

MatchingGrants

• Reactor Sharing

• Reactor Upgrades

• Fellows and Scholars

• “Splitting Atoms” video

NEER

Radiochemistry

• University Partnerships

• Summer Internships

• INIE

• ANS Outreach

• HP Fellows(separate program)

• “Harnessed Atom”Module

JuniorFaculty

Note: Several of these programs had been funded in the Office of Energy Research (now Office of Science), but were dropped due to lack of interest/funding.

InternationalStudentExchangeProgram(ISEP)

Video“Recruitment”


*$3M was a one-time earmark for Idaho universities**$2.5M was a one-time appropriation for spent fuel shipments

University Program Budget HistoryFY 2003 – FY 2007 Budgets

Matching Grants $ 0.8 $ 0.8 $ 1.0 $ 1.0 $0.0

Fellowships/Scholarships (Includes University Partnerships) 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.4 0.0

Reactor Sharing

University Nuclear Infrastructure 10.8 15.3 14.7 14.1 0.0

Nuclear Engineering Education Research 4.3 5.0 4.9 5.0 0.0

Fellowships/Scholarships - HP – – 0.2 0.3 0.0

Radiochemistry 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.0

Nuclear Engineering Education Opportunities 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.0

Idaho Earmark* – – – 3.0 –

FY 2007 Mortgages – – – – 16.5

TOTAL $ 17.8 $23.0** $23.5 $27.0 $16.5

FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007

($ in Millions)


Enrollments Grew at a Rapid Rate

470

15201831 1933

220

1092

11101153

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1998-1999 2000-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007

Undergraduate Graduate

2612

2941 3086

690


Nuclear Engineering EnrollmentsAcademic Year 2006-2007

8

7

10

6

20

20

27

33

63

17

19

51

24

57

20

67

107

34

11

51

63

82

52

79

62

74

109

12

20

12

48

53

35

81

66

130

85

46

119

142

105

99

103

133

115

156

151

201

1

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Maryland

Nevada – Las Vegas

Utah

Massachusetts – Lowell

Ohio State

South Carolina

South Carolina State

Cincinnati

Texas – Austin

Missouri – Columbia

Kansas State

Idaho State

New Mexico

Oregon State

CAL – Berkeley

RPI

Wisconsin – Madison

MIT

Purdue

Missouri – Rolla

Penn State

Illinois

Michigan

North Carolina State

Florida

Tennessee

Georgia Tech

Texas A&M

Graduate Undergraduate 8

8

10

18

20

27

45

63

65

20

20

72

86

105

123

150

152

153

153

162

185

185

153

156

194

218

225

310


States WithParticipatingUniversities

Clark/AtlantaClemson UniversityColorado State UniversityGeorgia Institute of TechnologyIdaho State UniversityKansas State UniversityLivingstone College*Linn State Technical CollegeMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyMorgan State University*New Mexico State University**North Carolina State UniversityOhio State UniversityOregon State UniversityPennsylvania State UniversityPolytechnic University of Puerto Rico**Prairie View A&M University*

Purdue UniversityReed CollegeRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteRhode Island Nuclear Science CenterSouth Carolina State University*Texas A&M UniversityTexas A&M Kingsville**Three Rivers Community CollegeTuskegee Institute*Virginia Commonwealth UniversityVirginia TechUniversity of ArizonaUniversity of California-BerkeleyUniversity of California-DavisUniversity of California-IrvineUniversity of CincinnatiUniversity of Florida

University of IllinoisUniversity of MarylandUniversity of Massachusetts-LowellUniversity of MichiganUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaUniversity of Missouri-RollaUniversity of Nevada – Las VegasUniversity of New Mexico**University of South CarolinaUniversity of TennesseeUniversity of TexasUniversity of UtahUniversity of WisconsinWashington State UniversityWest Point Military AcademyWilberforce University*Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Program Participants

*U.S. Historically Black Colleges and Universities; **Hispanic Serving Institution


FY 2006/07 – New Approach

♦ OMB “PARTS” University Program

♦ OMB evaluated the University Program and determined that enrollment levels of the program have increased and students no longer needed encouragement to enter the nuclear field. Federal assistance no longer necessary

♦ For FY 2007 Congressional add back ($27M) is used by DOE to pay off existing mortgages and begin new “research program” for universities (NERI-C)

♦ DOE/NE attempts to embed infrastructure support (fellowships, reactor support, faculty support, etc.) into research initiative (NERI-C)


INIE

Fellowships

Scholarships

Reactor Upgrades

Resea

rch

(NEER)

UniversityPartnership

Outreach

Faculty Support

Reactor Sharing

Matching Grants

Rad

ioch

emis

try

Pr

es

nt

e

ResearchProgram

encompassing

past program

successes and

innovations

F u

t u r

e

NE Supports Universities

The transition from a university program budget line item to

embedding university research and support within our mission

related NE R&D programs will provide:• Greater research opportunities for universities while incorporating

infrastructure activities

• Increased funding corresponds to increases in NE’s research program areas


Why Change?

♦ DOE/NE R&D-related university-based research will be beneficial to DOE and university community

♦ The Office of Nuclear Energy wants to support nuclear engineering education (Stewardship)

♦ Research-based approach could help develop a better education network among universities, laboratories, the nuclear industry and government


2007 NERI-Consortia Funding Opportunity Announcement

♦ R&D focused program (NERI)

♦ University Program elements embedded

♦ Total award value $30 Million

♦ Maximum individual award ceiling $1M/yr for 3 years ($3M total)

♦ Provides an opportunity for U.S. universities to become directly involved in an integrated teaming relationship with DOE/NE


2007 GNEP University Readiness Funding Opportunity Announcement

♦ Provide an opportunity for nuclear schools to prepare themselves to support GNEP R&D programs

♦ Open to all universities with nuclear programs

♦ Total award value $4 Million

♦ Maximum individual award ceiling $100K over one year

♦ One time award


NE supports Universities

♦ Total support for university activities in FY 2006 was approximately $50M

♦ A funding level of $54M will continue in FY 2007

♦ Based on our FY 2008 budget request we expect growth in our university funding commensurate with the growth in GNEP


FY 2006-08 University Funding*

*These actuals and estimates do not include National Laboratory directed funding for universities. Funding within individual programs may vary depending upon the performance of individual program activities. Total funding for Universities is expected to be as shown.

Program FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008

University Reactor Infrastructure andEducation Assistance 26,730 16,547 0

Research Reactor Infrastructure 0 0 2,947

R&D Program Funded Research 24,391 38,252 58,572

Generation IV 6,067 5,463 5,772

Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative 5,116 4,300 4,300

Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative 13,208 24,489 48,500

Total Funding for Universities 51,121 54,799 61,519


FY 2007 NERI-C Awards

Lead University Collaborating Institutions Project Title

Georgia Institute of Technology

Abilene Christian UniversityCalifornia Polytechnic State UniversityColorado School of MinesLos Alamos National LaboratoryLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryIdaho National LaboratoryOhio UniversityOregon State University

An Innovative Approach to Precision Fission Measurements Using a Time Projection Chamber

University of Tennessee North Carolina State UniversityPennsylvania State UniversitySouth Carolina State UniversityWestinghouse

Advanced Instrumentation and Control Methods for Small and Medium Export Reactors with IRIS Demonstration

Washington State University Hunter College (CUNY)Idaho National LaboratoryLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryPacific Northwest National LaboratoryTennessee Technological UniversityUniversity of New MexicoUniversity of North Carolina, Wilmington

Advanced Aqueous Separation Systems for Actinide Partitioning

University of Michigan Alabama A&M UniversityPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity of California, BerkeleyUniversity of California, Santa BarbaraUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison

Cladding and Structural Materials for Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems

University of California, Davis California Institute of TechnologyNorthwestern UniversityUniversity of California, Los Angeles

Radiation Damage in Nuclear Fuel for Advanced Burner Reactors: Modeling and Experimental Validation

Pennsylvania State University Argonne National LaboratoryTulane UniversityUniversity of South Carolina

Advanced Electrochemical Technologies for Hydrogen Production by Alternative Thermochemical Cycles


FY 2007 NERI-C Awards (cont.)

Lead University Collaborating Institutions Project Title

University of Missouri, Columbia

North Carolina State UniversityWashington University, St. Louis

A Research Program on Very High-Temperature Reactors (VHTRs)

University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Georgia TechSouth Carolina State UniversityUniversity of Michigan

Performance of Actinide-Containing Fuel Matrices under Extreme Radiation and Temperature Environments

Texas A&M University Argonne National LaboratoryPurdue UniversityUniversity of Illinois, Chicago

Real-Time Detection of Actinide Compositions in the UREX+ Process

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Brookhaven National LaboratoryColumbia UniversityState University of NY, Stony Brook

Deployment of a Suite of High-Performance Computational Tools for Multi-scale Multi-physics Simulation of Generation IV Reactors

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Idaho State UniversityOhio State University

Risk-Informed Balancing of Safety, Non-proliferation, and Economics for the Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SFR)


GNEP Readiness Projects – FY 2007

App. No. Application Title University Contact Budget

08-004Capability Upgrade for Measurement of Fundamental Thermodynamic Parameters Supporting Advanced Fuel Cycle Chemistry Under the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership

Clemson University Timothy DeVol 98,584$

08-005Fission Fragment Distribution Detector Development for Research and Education at the Colorado School of Mines

Colorado School of Mines Uwe Greife 100,000$

08-006 Improvement of Cornell Infrastructure for participation in Cornell University K.B. Cady 100,000$

08-008 GNEP Readiness at Georgia Tech Georgia Tech Farzad Rahnema 100,000$

08-010 Readiness for the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) Idaho State University Michael Lineberry 100,000$

08-011GNEP Readiness at Kansas State University --- Direct Summer Internship Experience for Faculty Graduate and Undergraduate Students

Kansas State University Akira Tokuhiro 99,616$

08-012

Strengthening GNEP related courses taught at Livingstone College in conjunction with the University of South Carolina; using the resources of both institutions to fortify Livingstone College students

Livingstone College Michael Collingwood 100,000$

08-013Global Nuclear Energy Partnership University Readiness of the MIT Nuclear Research Reactor

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

John Bernard 99,985$

08-015Enhancement of Computational Facilities in Support of GNEP Research and Training

North Carolina State University Paul Turinsky 100,000$

08-034 University Readiness Program Ohio State University T.E. Blue 99,967$

08-016Preparing Oregon State University to Meet the Research Challenges of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership

Oregon State University Steven Reese 100,000$

08-036Penn State's Global Nuclear Energy Partnership University Readiness

Pennsylvania State University Jack Brenizer 100,000$


GNEP Readiness Projects – FY 2007 (cont.)


08-018 Preparing for GNEP Research at Purdue Purdue University Rusi Taleyarkhan 99,981$

08-022 Global Nuclear Energy Partnership EducationRensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Li Liu 99,525$

08-023URI and RI Nuclear Science Center will upgrade the Small Angle Neutron Diffractometer, including a Two Dimensional Position Sensitive Detector, increasing data collection rates.

Rhode Island Nuclear Science Center

Anthony Nunes 100,000$

08-024Enhancement of Nuclear Programs at South Carolina State University

South Carolina State University Kenneth Lewis 100,000$

08-026Proposal for Texas A&M University - Kingsville Global Nuclear Energy Partnership Capability Expansion

Texas A&M University-Kingsville

W. Kinnison 98,300$

08-029Fuel Cycle and Materials Laboratory Capability Upgrade: Themophysical Property Analyses for Advanced Fuels

Texas Engineering Experiment Station

Sean McDeavitt 100,000$

08-040 GNEP Research Infrastructure UpgradeUniversity of California, Berkeley

Brian Wirth 100,000$

08-046University of Cincinnati Program for Global Nuclear Energy Partnership Readiness

University of Cincinnati Henry Spitz 99,889$

08-048Enhancement of the UFTR for Effective Contribution ot the GNEP Program

University of Florida Alireza Haghighat 99,960$

08-050Acquisition of a 'Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer' for GNEP Research and Training at Univeristy of Idaho

University of Idaho Indrajit Charit 99,945$

08-032 Fast Converter Reactor Analysis Laboratory University of Illinois Brent Heuser 100,000$

08-051Enhancements to the University of Maryland Nuclear Engineering laboratory to support the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership

University of Maryland M. Al-Sheikhley 99,975$

08-052 GNEP University Readiness GrantUniversity of Massachusetts Lowell

Leo Bobek 100,000$


GNEP Readiness Projects – FY 2007 (cont.)


08-058 Assuring GNEP Readiness at the University of Michigan University of Michigan William Martin 99,919$

08-033

A proposal for Acquistion of Laboratory Equipment and an Advanced Computer Cluster for Research on Very High Temperature Reactors (VHTRs) and Advanced Burner Reactors (ABRs)

University of Missouri, Columbia

S. Loyalka 100,000$

08-007Internet-Accessible Spectroscopy of Irradiated Specimens in a Heavily Shielded Cell at the UMR Reactor

University of Missouri, Rolla Arvind Kumar 99,988$

08-003Global Nuclear Energy Partnership University Readiness Needs for UNLV

University of Nevada Las Vegas Anthony Hechanova 100,000$

08-020A Nuclear Detection Laboratory for GNEP Readiness in Nuclear Nonproliferation Education, Training and Research

University of New Mexico Gary Cooper 100,000$

08-053 Inside the Nuclear Plant: A Visual Inspection University of Pittsburgh Michael Lovell 96,327$

08-054Laboratory Enhancements for Advanced Nuclear Fuel Development

University of South Carolina Travis Knight 100,000$

08-043Improvement in Capabilities for the Nuclear Engineering Department of the University of Tennessee to Support GNEP Research and Development Programs

University of Tennessee Ronald Pevey 99,981$

08-044 GNEP Readiness at The University of Texas at Austin University of Texas at Austin S.R. Biegalski 99,997$

08-055 Diagnosing Structural Health in Advanced Nuclear Energy University of Utah David Slaughter 100,000$

08-002Global Nuclear Energy Partnership University Readiness Program

University of Wisconsin Michael Corradini 99,000$

08-057 Enhancing GNEP Readiness at Virginia TechVirginia Polytechnic Institute & State University

Kenneth Ball 100,000$

average 99,755$ minimum 96,327$


FY 2008 and Beyond

Future Plans

♦ Have two types of Funding Opportunity Announcements per year

• NERI for Individual Principal Investigators

• NERI for Consortia

♦ Both funded by NE R&D Programs

♦ NERI funding levels are dependent upon level of GNEP funding approved by Congress


Research Reactors and Fuel

♦ Provide fuel to any of the 26 reactors that require it

♦ Work with NNSA to convert university reactors from HEU to LEU

• Texas A&M – 2006

• Florida – 2006

• Purdue – 2007

• Oregon State – 2008

• Washington State – 2008

• Wisconsin – 2009

♦ Working with NNSA to meet Secretary of Energy’s mandate to convert all research reactors to LEU by 2014


Research Reactors and Fuel (cont.)

NNSA’s Role

♦ Provide all necessary funding for designing, constructing and starting up the new fuel fabrication capability required for manufacturing the new, low-enriched uranium fuel

♦ Provide funding for the initial low-enriched uranium lead test assemblies for the converted reactors necessary to obtain regulatory approval for regular operation and for LEU fuel for the reactors to replace any HEU fuel removed prior to the end of its normal service lifetime and that was also removed to facilitate conversion to LEU fund



NE’s Role

♦ Provide all necessary funding for the operation and maintenance of the new fuel fabrication capability

♦ Provide all necessary funding for the shipment of HEU fuel to the proper disposal sites, the fabrication and shipment of all subsequent new fuel and the subsequent shipment of spent fuel from the operation of these reactors



♦ Future Conversions – Post 2009

• MIT, MURR, NRAD, HFIR, ATR, NIST

♦ NNSA is responsible for development of the new U-Moly dispersion fuel for these reactors

♦ Fuel development work is expected to be completed in 2010 to allow for fuel fabrication in support of core conversions


The New Harnessed Atom and Outreach

♦ Harnessed Atom module introduced in:• Pittsburgh; Cambridge, Massachusetts; Columbia and Rolla,

Missouri; Idaho; North Carolina; Virginia

• Want to offer it to everyone once pilot program is completed

• Searching for funding mechanism to ensure Harnessed Atom is available for those who desire to use it

• Updating to include GNEP concepts during FY 2007/08

♦ Video – “Nuclear Engineering – A Fulfilling Career”• Many copies distributed

• More available

• Web streaming coming soon


The Original Harnessed Atom

♦ Science educational curriculum developed 20 years ago by DOE Office of Nuclear Energy for junior high classrooms

♦ Includes a Teacher’s Guide, Student Reader, experiments and activities, and a video in mini-CD format (originally a filmstrip)

♦ Though designed for junior-high age students, it tested successfully on non-science major students through Junior College level

♦ 10,000 classroom sets produced by DOE

Teaching/Outreach Success: The Harnessed Atom


The Harnessed Atom

The Harnessed Atom’s Success

♦ Used by over 1.5 million students and translated into at least 4 foreign languages

♦ Recommended or promoted by leading teacher associations – NSTA, ASCD, NEA

♦ Called “the gold standard” in nuclear educational material by ANS PA staff

♦ Widely reprinted by utilities, school systems, private sector, and other countries


The Harnessed Atom

What teachers told us

♦ Students are being short-changed on essential information about nuclear science, health physics, and engineering

♦ In major textbooks, still presented inaccurately or in biased language

♦ Often skimmed over or not taught at all in high school physics classes

♦ Many teachers feel ill-prepared to teach topic, and do not have good classroom materials

♦ Need a high school version

Typical high school physics does not include nuclear science

• One Dimensional Motion• Projectile Motion• Forces• Momentum• Work-Energy• Planetary Motion• Electricity• Magnetism• Waves (water, sound, light)• Optics• Relativity


The Harnessed Atom High School Honors Edition

Now, a Re-designed High School Curriculum . . .

♦ For advanced students grades 11-12

♦ Updated content and format

♦ Worked with public schools to review and validate through Pilot Test of the curriculum

♦ ’07-’08 Field Testing a revised edition in regions across the U.S.

♦ Next: Distribute curriculum nationally in partnership with Labs, academic institutions, public and private sector



The Curriculum . . .

♦ Increases awareness at the pre-college level for students interested in sciences and engineering, nuclear engineering, and health physics

♦ Helps high school students make informed choices about college majors and career options

♦ Supports Department of Energymission to foster education andunderstanding of energytechnologies and options



This partnership is important

♦ Connects public school educators, professional societies, DOE, research facilities, and private sector to strengthen the teaching of nuclear science

♦ Helps students to become informed decision-makers on energy issues and policy as they become adult citizens

♦ Perhaps most importantly: expands students’ awareness of choices for college majors that they might overlook, including exciting career options in the health physics, nuclear energy, nuclear medicine, research, and engineering


3) Atoms and Isotopes4) Radiation5) Nuclear Reactions6) Nuclear power7) Nuclear By-products and Waste8) Assessing Risk

CHAPTERS

Experiments with radioactive material♦ Geiger counters♦ Background radiation♦ Sources--gas light mantles, uranium ore

MOST IMPORTANT LESSON –These materials can be handled safely

Cloud Chamber trailsSeeing is believing


Walking around Penn State after the tour of the reactor

Ben was extremely excited and said “Mr. Iasella, you’ve messed everything up! I was planning to travel, take off from school, but this stuff is really cool. I want to know how it all works! I never would have though I would have liked physics in the beginning of school.”

Teachers don’t know what topics would light a fire for individual students

2 out of 70 at Schenley High School Seems small? Typically only 2-5 would even consider engineering or science.

These 2 students are going into the nuclear field

Without this unit, they would never have considered it


Non-Program Factors That Contributed to Broader Support of Nuclear Engineering Education

♦ Formalized Organization of NE Department Chairs (NEDHO)

♦ Formalized Organization of University Reactor Directors (TRTR)

♦ Employing Professional Organization Infrastructure to help communicate message (American Nuclear Society)

♦ Hiring full-time representative with strong Congressional resume to carry the message forward

♦ Engage international community and organizations (IAEA, NEA) in bringing issues (workforce development/ manpower shortages) to world stage

♦ Intangibles

• Having the head of the Office of Nuclear Energy thoroughly engaged in university nuclear engineering support

• Champion within the sponsoring agency


Summary

♦ University Nuclear Engineering Support Program, built steadily, achieved success and is now “evolving”

♦ Administration’s desire to support universities via NE mission-related research is a current political reality that could change in a year or two

♦ Much skepticism in NE community – many prefer NE education programs of the past decade since the perception is that infrastructure, not research, is at risk with revised approach

♦ FY 2008 will be a pivotal year as Congress debates the best way to support nuclear engineering at universities

• House has funding for NRC ($15M)

• Senate has funding for DOE ($15M)

• Outcome? – No one can predict


Summary

♦ Within NE, fuel support continues unhindered with additional funds being considered over the next few years to enable NE to continue to support HEU to LEU conversions and rebuild fuel inventory for university research reactors

♦ MOU between NE and NNSA has now been agreed to outlining responsibilities for future conversions and fuel fabrication efforts

♦ GNEP Readiness ($3.8M) and NERI-C ($10.3M) funding will be made available to universities by the close of FY 2007 (September 30th)

John Gutteridge Office of Nuclear Energy U.S. Department of Energy September 17-20, 2007 Test Research and Training Reactors Meeting Education, Outreach.

Documents

university program support

university program activities

standalone program

popular program

university community

university partnerships1

formal nehp program

infrastructure slide