John Dalton •Elements Composed of indivisible atoms. •Atoms are alike for a given element. •Atoms for different elements differ in size, mass, etc. •Compounds are formed from two or more atoms of different element •Atoms combine is simple numerical ratios to form compounds. Dalton’s Atomic Theory Rule of Greatest Simplicity When atoms combine in only one ratio, "..it must be presumed to be a binary one, unless some cause appear to the contrary"
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John Dalton Elements Composed of indivisible atoms. Atoms are alike for a given element. Atoms for different elements differ in size, mass, etc. Compounds.
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John Dalton•Elements Composed of indivisible atoms.•Atoms are alike for a given element.•Atoms for different elements differ in size, mass, etc.•Compounds are formed from two or more atoms of different elements.•Atoms combine is simple numerical ratios to form compounds.
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Rule of Greatest SimplicityWhen atoms combine in only one ratio, "..it must be presumed to be a binary one,unless some cause appear to the contrary"
Law of Combining Volumes
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778 - 1850)
The ratio between the volumes of the reactant gases and the products can be expressed in simple whole numbers.
Synthesizing Water Vapor
Synthesizing Ammonia Gas
Synthesizing Carbon Dioxide
Equal Volumes of Gas Contain Equal Numbers of “Particles”