Joe Sharkey Joe Sharkey Structural Option Structural Option Christiana Hospital Christiana Hospital 2010 Project 2010 Project Newark, DE Newark, DE
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Joe SharkeyJoe SharkeyStructural OptionStructural OptionChristiana HospitalChristiana Hospital
2010 Project2010 ProjectNewark, DENewark, DE
Scope of PresentationScope of Presentation
• IntroductionIntroduction• Structural OverviewStructural Overview• Proposed ChangesProposed Changes• Effects of Sectioning Effects of Sectioning
Structure on the Lateral Structure on the Lateral SystemSystem
• Post-Tensioned Slab DesignPost-Tensioned Slab Design• Cost/Schedule ComparisonCost/Schedule Comparison• Acoustical DesignAcoustical Design• ConclusionsConclusions
IntroductionIntroduction• Occupant – Christiana Occupant – Christiana
CareCare• Project Cost - $126 MillionProject Cost - $126 Million• 360,000 ft360,000 ft22 addition addition• Design-Bid-BuildDesign-Bid-Build• 8 Story Hospital8 Story Hospital• 2 Story Conference Wing2 Story Conference Wing
Creates additional:• 216 Beds• Operating Rooms• Catheterization Labs• Emergency Exam Rooms
Structural OverviewStructural OverviewHospital (Main Tower)Hospital (Main Tower)
• 42” thick mat 42” thick mat foundationfoundation
• 9 ½” two-way 9 ½” two-way reinforced concrete reinforced concrete slabslab
• 5 ½” drop panels 5 ½” drop panels around columnsaround columns
• 24”x24” concrete 24”x24” concrete columnscolumns
• (11) 12” thick concrete (11) 12” thick concrete shear wallsshear walls
Structural OverviewStructural OverviewConference WingConference Wing
• Spread FootingsSpread Footings• Steel FramingSteel Framing• 3 ¼” lightweight concrete over 2” 3 ¼” lightweight concrete over 2”
metal deckmetal deck• 4 concentrically braced frames4 concentrically braced frames• Large 63’ span at the centerLarge 63’ span at the center
Proposed ChangesProposed Changes• Divide Main Tower into two independent structuresDivide Main Tower into two independent structures
Create a more symmetrical buildingCreate a more symmetrical building Reduce lateral load due to torsional effects on Reduce lateral load due to torsional effects on
shear wallsshear walls Reduce size/number of shear walls for Reduce size/number of shear walls for
cost/schedule savingscost/schedule savings
• Create a post-tensioned designCreate a post-tensioned design Deletion of drop panelsDeletion of drop panels Save on formwork/laborSave on formwork/labor Compare cost and scheduleCompare cost and schedule
Effects of Sectioning Effects of Sectioning StructureStructure
65
M
Effects of Sectioning Effects of Sectioning StructureStructure
CM1
CR1
CM2
CR2
Effects of Sectioning Effects of Sectioning StructureStructureWall # Story V (k) M (ft-k) V (k) M (ft-k)
1 ROOF 32.03 426.036 -53.84 -969.052EIGHTH STORY 32.03 579.452 81.88 -969.052SEVENTH STORY 32.03 763.681 191.1 2488.788SIXTH STORY 164.89 2029.899 284.95 5718.17FIFTH STORY 169.2 2968.093 367.71 9885.573FOURTH STORY 192.92 4094.922 353.38 13890.51THIRD STORY 209.03 5305.472 345.6 17807.3SECOND STORY 229.41 7317.371 341.66 23046.11FIRST FLOOR 295.72 9534.092 363.29 28132.12
2 ROOF 80.04 838.906 28.65 515.65EIGHTH STORY 80.04 833.181 114.32 1963.741SEVENTH STORY 80.04 986.541 182.79 4279.142SIXTH STORY 291.29 2559.436 240.9 7009.398FIFTH STORY 332.05 3529.071 287.04 10262.57FOURTH STORY 394.53 4696.832 375.93 14523.06THIRD STORY 443.48 5939.244 448.64 19607.68SECOND STORY 456.38 8122.908 504.21 27338.96FIRST FLOOR 404.19 9049.62 537.96 34870.4
3 ROOF -12.5 149.955 82.33 1481.993EIGHTH STORY 30.32 566.247 32.32 1891.401SEVENTH STORY 30.32 749.492 -7.32 1891.401SIXTH STORY 162.24 2013.333 -45.46 1798.705FIFTH STORY 168.29 2966.602 -78.46 1283.441FOURTH STORY 196.1 4119.22 12.22 727.069THIRD STORY 216.8 5358.93 103.48 1815.459SECOND STORY 241.39 7414.164 163.51 4322.631FIRST FLOOR 302.44 9566.676 172.55 6738.285
4 ROOF -47.05 -846.864 20.16 362.82EIGHTH FLOOR 100.39 -846.864 148.76 2247.115SEVENTH FLOOR 256.34 3671.634 314.8 6234.543SIXTH FLOOR 221.44 6181.244 449.81 11332.35FIFTH FLOOR 295.62 9531.597 557.19 17647.18FOURTH FLOOR 356.81 13575.48 642.06 24923.84THIRD FLOOR 405.91 18175.79 726.1 33152.95SECOND FLOOR 458.14 25200.61 764.3 44872.18FIRST FLOOR 486.43 32010.63 718.19 54926.84
5 ROOF -8.79 -158.246 4.46 80.22EIGHTH FLOOR 75.75 801.254 75.58 1037.542SEVENTH FLOOR 167.33 2920.764 170.6 3198.524SIXTH FLOOR 193.35 5112.008 243.95 5963.327FIFTH FLOOR 248.88 7932.635 301.76 9383.289FOURTH FLOOR 286.13 11175.45 345.71 13301.37THIRD FLOOR 313.5 14728.5 390.42 17726.15SECOND FLOOR 339.56 19935.04 412.73 24054.66FIRST FLOOR 407.04 25633.53 481.4 30794.31
Shear Wall ForcesOrigional Design My Design (With Expansion J oint)
Wall # Story V (k) M (ft-k) V (k) M (ft-k)
Shear Wall ForcesOrigional Design My Design (With Expansion J oint)
4 ROOF -47.05 -846.864 20.16 362.82EIGHTH FLOOR 100.39 -846.864 148.76 2247.115SEVENTH FLOOR 256.34 3671.634 314.8 6234.543SIXTH FLOOR 221.44 6181.244 449.81 11332.346FIFTH FLOOR 295.62 9531.597 557.19 17647.181FOURTH FLOOR 356.81 13575.475 642.06 24923.839THIRD FLOOR 405.91 18175.793 726.1 33152.952SECOND FLOOR 458.14 25200.607 764.3 44872.184FIRST FLOOR 486.43 32010.63 718.19 54926.843
Effects of Sectioning Effects of Sectioning StructureStructure
Building Deflections at Roof
∆x ∆xamplifie
d
∆y ∆yamplifie
d
Original Design 3.93
11.79 3.67
11.02
Area A (after sectioning)
7.02
21.05 4.73
14.18
Area C (after sectioning)
8.07
24.21 6.41
19.22
ASCE7-02 (9.5.2.8 & 9.5.5.7.1)ASCE7-02 (9.5.2.8 & 9.5.5.7.1)Seismic Use Group: IIISeismic Use Group: III
I=1.5 CI=1.5 Cdd=4.5=4.5∆amplified=(Cd*=(Cd*∆)/I
∆allowable=0.01h=0.01(118’)=14.16”=0.01h=0.01(118’)=14.16”
AC
Effects of Sectioning Effects of Sectioning StructureStructure
65
Building Deflections at Roof
∆x ∆xamplifie
d
∆y ∆yamplified
New Design Area A
3.93
11.79 3.67
11.02
New Design Area B
4.71
14.13 4.23
12.71
Main Tower (First Floor)Main Tower (First Floor)
5”
1¼”
1¼”
1¼”
Exterior Span
Interior Span
10”
• Class U (uncracked concrete): Class U (uncracked concrete): fft t < < 7.5√f’c7.5√f’c • 10” Slab10” Slab• 5000 psi concrete5000 psi concrete• Largest Span = 30’Largest Span = 30’• Tendons in groups of 4 @ 6’ o.c.Tendons in groups of 4 @ 6’ o.c.
1¼”
Post-Tensioned Slab DesignPost-Tensioned Slab Design
Post-Tensioned Slab DesignPost-Tensioned Slab Design
Uniformly Spaced TendonsUniformly Spaced TendonsMain Tower (First Floor)Main Tower (First Floor)
½”½”ФФ – 270 ksi unbonded – 270 ksi unbonded tendons in groups of 4 @ 6’ tendons in groups of 4 @ 6’
o.c.o.c.
Stressing PocketsStressing Pockets
Expansion JointExpansion Joint
Banded TendonsBanded TendonsMain Tower (First Floor)Main Tower (First Floor)
# Tendons# Tendons22222020181816161414121288
Banded TendonsBanded Tendons
In-Plane CurveIn-Plane Curve> 6:1> 6:1
Sustained Service Load Sustained Service Load Deflection PlanDeflection Plan
∆∆max = L/360max = L/360 = 1”= 1”
Uniformly Spaced TendonsUniformly Spaced TendonsMain Tower (Typical Floors)Main Tower (Typical Floors)
½”½”ФФ – 270 ksi unbonded – 270 ksi unbonded tendons in groups of 3 @ tendons in groups of 3 @
3¾’ o.c.3¾’ o.c.
Expansion JointExpansion Joint
Banded TendonsBanded TendonsMain Tower (Typical Floors)Main Tower (Typical Floors)
Conference Wing (Typical Conference Wing (Typical Floor)Floor)
Prestressed BeamPrestressed Beam24x42 w/ 30 Tendons24x42 w/ 30 Tendons
Prestressed BeamPrestressed Beam18x42 w/ 15 Tendons18x42 w/ 15 Tendons
RC BeamRC Beam24x42 8#6 T&B24x42 8#6 T&B
RC BeamRC Beam16x42 4#7 T&B16x42 4#7 T&B
15” Slab15” SlabSlab Tendons in groups of 3 @ Slab Tendons in groups of 3 @
4 ½’ o.c. 4 ½’ o.c.
Construction ManagementConstruction ManagementTotal Structural System Cost Without Added
Shear Walls
My Design As Built
Concrete$11,880,1
27 $9,320,230
Structural Steel/ Misc. Metals $205,958 $2,897,875
Total$12,086,0
85 $12,218,10
5
Savings of $132,020
Total Structural System Cost With Added Shear Walls
My Design As Built
Concrete$12,096,2
98 $9,320,230
Structural Steel/ Misc. Metals $205,958 $2,897,875
Total$12,302,2
56$12,218,10
5
Added Cost of $84,151
Project Schedule
Main Tower Conference Wing
Start Date
Finish Date
Start Date Finish Date
As Built9/1/200
4 3/1/20051/17/20
05 3/11/2005
My Design9/1/200
4 1/12/20051/17/20
05 3/31/2005
Time Savings 49 Days
Time Lost 20 Days
Construction ManagementConstruction Management
63’
61’
AcousticsAcoustics
12’ Ceiling Height
Materials Used:•5/8” Gypsum
•4’x4’ Armstrong Optima Ceiling Tiles•Softwall ½” Acousticotton
•Carpeting
•Upholstered Seats
Surface Material Area (ft2)500 1000 2000 4000
Floor Carpet on Concrete 3304 0.14 0.37 0.6 0.65
FloorAudience in Upolstered Seats
1220.6 0.88 0.96 0.93 0.85
Wall5/8" Gypsum on Metal Studs
724.45 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03
WallWood Paneling and Doors
619.75 0.17 0.09 0.1 0.11
WallSoftwall - 1/2" Acousticotton
1755.14 0.22 0.54 0.81 1
Wall Glass 35.33 0.18 0.12 0.07 0.04Wall Curtin 98 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5
CeilingArmstrong Optima 3255 - 4'x4' Tile
2843.19 0.84 1.01 1.02 0.97
Ceiling 5/8" Gypsum 4169.75 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03
a=?Sα 4706.73 6459.69 7699.55 7963.56
T60 (sec.) 0.59 0.39 0.32 0.31
Absorption Coefficient (Hz)
As Built Room
Target Reverb. Time: 0.7-1.1 sec.
Price/ft2 Cost
$0.32 $231.82
$1.50 $2,632.71
$4.10 $11,657.08
$0.32 $1,334.32
$15,855.93$15,855.93
AcousticsAcoustics
AcousticsAcoustics
Surface Material Area (ft2)500 1000 2000 4000
Floor Carpet on Concrete 3304 0.14 0.37 0.6 0.65
FloorAudience in Upolstered Seats
1220.6 0.88 0.96 0.93 0.85
Wall5/8" Gypsum on Metal Studs
2289.57 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03
WallWood Paneling and Doors
619.75 0.17 0.09 0.1 0.11
WallSoftwall - 1/2" Acousticotton
192 0.22 0.54 0.81 1
Wall Glass 35.33 0.18 0.12 0.07 0.04Wall Curtin 98 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5
CeilingArmstrong Optima 3255 - 4'x4' Tile
0 0.84 1.01 1.02 0.97
Ceiling 5/8" Gypsum 7012.94 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03
a=∑Sα 2194.97 2876.23 3665.6 3774.77T60 (sec.) 1.14 0.87 0.68 0.66
Absorption Coefficient (Hz)
My Design
Target Reverb. Time: 0.7-1.1 sec.
Price/ft2 Cost
$0.32 $732.66
$1.50 $288.00
$4.10 $0.00
$0.32 $2,244.14
$3,264.80$3,264.80
AcousticsAcoustics
Benefits:Benefits:
•Target Reverberation Time MetTarget Reverberation Time Met
•Cost Savings of $12,591Cost Savings of $12,591
ConclusionsConclusionsSectioning Structure into two Independent Sectioning Structure into two Independent Structures:Structures:• Increased ForcesIncreased Forces
• Required Additional WallsRequired Additional Walls• Increased Both Cost and ScheduleIncreased Both Cost and Schedule
Post-Tensioned Design:Post-Tensioned Design:• Created a Lighter BuildingCreated a Lighter Building• Allowed for Deletion of Drop PanelsAllowed for Deletion of Drop Panels• Decreased Both Cost and Schedule in Main TowerDecreased Both Cost and Schedule in Main Tower• Increased Schedule in Conference WingIncreased Schedule in Conference Wing
Acoustical Redesign:Acoustical Redesign:• Target Reverberation Time MetTarget Reverberation Time Met• Decreased Cost of Conference Room by $12,591Decreased Cost of Conference Room by $12,591
AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments•Cagley & AssociatesCagley & Associates
Sheila WilliamsSheila Williams
Joe AjelloJoe AjelloJames LakeyJames Lakey
•Wilmot SanzWilmot Sanz
Dr. MemariDr. MemariDr. LepageDr. LepageProfessor ParfittProfessor Parfitt
•AE FacultyAE Faculty
•Suncoast Post-TensionSuncoast Post-Tension
•Acoustical Panel ResourcesAcoustical Panel Resources
•ArmstrongArmstrong
Frank MalitsFrank Malits
•Marjam SupplyMarjam Supply
QuestionsQuestions
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