Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008 Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 1 Parties perspectives and discussion Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany Jochen Theloke University of Stuttgart
Dec 18, 2015
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 1
Parties perspectives and discussion
Projected NMVOC emissions from the
solvent use sector in Germany
Jochen Theloke
University of Stuttgart
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 2
Agenda
Introduction
Methodology for emission calculation
Results
Methodology for emission projections
Results
Conclusion
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 3
Emissions from solvent use are the largest source group of NMVOC in Germany
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
Stationary sourcesNon-industrial combustion plantsRoad transportOther mobil sources and machineryExtraction and distribution of fossil fuelsProduction processesAgricultureSolvent use
Em
iss
ion
s in
kt/
a
Source: Umweltdaten Deutschland (2005: 1128 kt)
& National Plan for NEC midterm review (2010: 987 kt)
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 4
Solvent Use
• Application of solvents
• Application of solvent containing products
• Production of solvent containing products
• Application of Propellants (Propane/Butane)
• Extraction of fat, edible and non edible oil (n-hexane)
• Cooling agents
• Softening agents (Phtalates)
• Concrete additives
• Application of thinners
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 5
Paint application
Printing application
Application of glues and adhesives
Degreasing processes
Plastics and rubber processing
Manufacturing of solvent content products
Domestic solvent use
Frost protection and deicing agents
Aerosolsprays
Other applications
About 100 different solvent related activities are considered in the German inventory
Solvent relevant Source groups
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 6
Emission calculation methodology
Product-related calculation methodology – The calculation is on base of public available data operable
Emission = Inland consumption x solvent content x emission factor
importsolvent x
exportsolvent x
productionsolvent x
inlandconsumption
solvent x
manufacturechem.
product y
importchem.
product y
exportchem.
product y
inland consumptionchem.
product y
emissionreduction techniques
other pathways
Solvent Balance Manufacture Consumption
emissions
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 7
Example: Paint Application
1) Identification of relevant Product groups:
• Water based paints and varnishes
• Solvent based paints and varnishes
• Powder varnishes
• Thinners for application
• Other thinners
2) Assignment of the Product groups to the Systematic of the Productions statistic
3) Assignment of the systematic of the production statistic to the Foreign trade statistic systematic
4) Linkage between Inland consumed specific product to specific application field (from German Paint Association)
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 8
Example: Paint application
GP- number ofProduction statistic
:Paints for inside coatingGP 2430 11 501Paints for outside coatingGP 2430 11 503other paintsGP 2430 11 505Varnishes, dispersionpaintsGP 2430 11 507
:
WA-number ofForeign trade statistic
:WA 3209 10 00
:
Inlands consumption
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 9
Example: Paint application
Inland consumption of paint and varnishes
Solventbased
PowderWaterbased
Thinner forapplication
OtherThinners
Application area
Solvent contentsolvent based
Solvent contentwater based
Thinner forapplication
Application specific solvent use
Application specific emission factor
OtherThinners
Application specific emissions
Application of specific solvent content
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 10
Emission from paint application in Germany 2005 (Sum: 346 kt)
DIY
Fu
rnit
ure
Pai
nti
ng
Ca
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rs
Au
tom
ob
ile
man
ufa
ctu
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g
Oth
er in
du
stri
al
Oth
er a
pp
licat
ion
Ca
r re
pai
rin
g
Pla
stic
s
Co
rro
sio
n p
rote
ctio
n
Mac
hin
e co
nst
ruc
tio
n
Pro
fess
ion
al P
ain
ters
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Em
issi
on
s in
kt/
a
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 11
Solvent emissions Germany 2005 (sum: 743 kt)
Paint application
45%
Domestic Solvent use
9%
Printing processes
13%
Concrete additives
6%
Degreasing5%
Wood protection
4%
Others16%
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 12
Emissions from printing processes in Germany 2005 (sum: 95 kt)
Heatset Offset11%
Screen printing11%
Packaging 17%
Other30%
Book printing0,2%
Inks/Tusches0,45%
other Offset printing4%
Illustration gravure printing
8%
Sheet fed Offset19%
artist colours0,33%
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 13
NMVOC emissions from domestic solvent use (sum: 69 kt)
Hair sprays25%
Pharmaceutical agents
4% Cosmetics and personal
hygiene agents28%
Perfumes16%
Cleaning agents
16%
Maintainance agents
11%
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 14
Calculation of projected emissions for future years
Scenario „ Constant Emission factors“
Assignment of Source groups to activity indices
Application of activity indices to emissions 2005(Constant Emission factors assumed)
Reference scenario (CLE)
Estimation of capture grades of the solvent directive
Calculation of abatement grade through the solvent directive on
base of the limit value for diffuse emissions
Estimation of abatement effect of the DECOPAINT“- Directive on base of the defined solvent contents
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 15
31. BImSchV (National solvent directive)National Implementation of the EU-Directive 1999/13/EC
Installation-related
19 application areas captured above a defined yearly solvent consumption (solvent bilance)
Defined emission limits for captured und diffuse emissions
Reduction plan
Legislation for old installations since 01. Nov 2007
Legislation for new installations since 01. Nov 2004
Abatement potential for Germany about 151 kt/a
Abatement level [-] =
Limit for diffuse Emissions [%] / Emission factor 2005 [%]
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 16
Example for determination of the capture gradePrinting processes Captured Not Captured
Emissions [t] Installations Emissions [t] Installations
Illustration gravure printing 8.108 16
Coldset offset printing 2.380 200
Sheet fed offset printing 18.387 11.000
Heatsetoffset printing 11.000 160
Endless offset printing 1.191 250
Book printing 203 2
Packaging gravure printing 11.484 100
Packaging flexography printing 4.941 150 820 1.500
Screen printing 11.282 550
Sum 35.533 426 34.263 13.502
Share 51% 3,1% 49% 96,9%
Source: Jepsen et al., UBA-Research Report, 1999
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 17
„DECOPAINT“-RichtlinieEU-Directive 2004/42/EG („DECOPAINT“-Directive)
Product related
12 different Paint- und Varnish categories captured
Maximum Solvent content defined
Declaration requirements
Implementation in two stages until 2010
First stage from 01. Jan 2007
National Implementation: Chemikalienrechtliche Verordnung (since 23.December 2004 legislation)
Abatement potential about 26 kt/a
Abatement level 2010 [-] =
solvent-cont. (max., 2010)[g/l]/(solvent cont. (2005) [g/kg]*Density[kg/l])
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 18
Emissions 2010 (unabated)Scenario „Constant Emission factors“
Emissions 2005
Aktivity index 2010(PROGNOS AG, 2003)
No abatementDECOPAINT-
Directive
Emissions 2010 (abated)„Reference scenario 2010"
-151 kt
Solvent directive
Captured share
Abatement impact
-26 kt
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 19
Reference scenario 2010
Fro
st p
rote
ctio
n
Glu
es a
nd
ad
hes
ives
Deg
reas
ing
Pro
du
ctio
n o
f so
lven
t p
rod
uct
s
Pri
nti
ng
Do
mes
tic
solv
ent
use
Pai
nt
app
lica
tio
n
Pla
stic
s
Oth
ers
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
2005 (743 kt)
2010_KONST (863 kt)
2010_REF (686 kt)
Em
issi
on
s in
[kt
/a]
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 20
Emissions from solvent use will be also the largest source group of NMVOC in 2020 in Germany
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2010 2020
Stationary sourcesNon-industrial combustion plantsRoad transportOther mobil sources and machineryExtraction and distribution of fossil fuelsProduction processesAgricultureSolvent use
Em
issi
on
s in
kt/
a
Source: Umweltdaten Deutschland
& National Plan for NEC midterm review (1051 kt)
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 21
Conclusion
Germany calculate the emission from solvent use on base of a product related method => Emissions in 2005 : 743 kt from 100 different applications fields
The projections are done on base of economic indicators and estimated impacts of current legislation
The abatement effect of solvent directive until 2010 will be decreasing the solvent emissions in Germany of about 17% (151 kt)
For the implementation of the „DECOPAINT“-Directive is estimated a further decrease of 3% (26 kt) of solvent emissions until 2010
In 2010 for the CLE-Scenario emissions from solvent use sector of are projected of about 686 kt
For 2020 are 800 kt projected in the CLE-Scenario
That means the NMVOC emissions will slightly increase from 2010 to 2020 (CLE-Scenario) in Germany
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 22
Thank you for your Attention
Jochen Theloke PEP-28. Mai 2008Projected NMVOC emissions from the solvent use sector in Germany 23
E Reference scenario, 2010 = E 2005 x Ai x (1-EG x MG)
E2000 : Emissions for 2005
Ai : Aktivity index 2020/2005
EG : Capture grade of the solvent directive
MG : Abatement potential of the solvent directive
AG=EF2010/EF2005
EF2005 : Emission factor for 2005
EF2010 : Maximum limit value for diffuse emissions defined by the solvent directive
Formulas for Reference scenario