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Italy Convicts 23 Americans for C.I.A. Renditions -
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RelatedTimes Topics: ExtraordinaryRendition
Italy Convicts 23 Americans for C.I.A. Renditions
Luca Bruno/Associated Press European Pressphoto Agency
Armando Spataro, a prosecutor shown in Milan on Wednesday,
achieved the first convictions involving the Americanpractice of
rendition, a significant symbolic victory.By RACHEL
DONADIOPublished: November 4, 2009
MILAN — In a landmark ruling, an Italian judge on
Wednesdayconvicted a base chief for the Central Intelligence Agency
and 22other Americans, almost all C.I.A. operatives, of kidnapping
aMuslim cleric from the streets of Milan in 2003.
The case was a huge symbolic victoryfor Italian prosecutors, who
drew thefirst convictions involving theAmerican practice of
rendition, inwhich terrorism suspects are captured in one country
andtaken for questioning in another, often one more open tocoercive
interrogation techniques.
Critics of the Bush administration have long hailed thecase as a
repudiation of the tactics it used to fightterrorism. And the fact
that Italy would actually convictintelligence agents of an allied
country was seen as a boldmove that could set a precedent in other
cases.
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Italy Convicts 23 Americans for C.I.A. Renditions -
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http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/05/world/europe/05italy.html?scp=4&sq=&st=nyt[9/23/2011
11:40:43 AM]
Still, the convictions may have little practical effect. Theydo
not seem to change the close relations between theUnited States and
Italy. Nor did they reveal whether thegovernment of Prime Minister
Silvio Berlusconi had
approved the kidnapping. And it seemed highly unlikely that
anyone, Italian orAmerican, would spend any time in prison.
Judge Oscar Magi handed an eight-year sentence to Robert Seldon
Lady, a former C.I.A.base chief in Milan, and five-year sentences
to the 22 other Americans, including an AirForce colonel and 21
C.I.A. operatives. Three of the other high-ranking Americans
weregiven diplomatic immunity, including Jeffrey Castelli, a former
C.I.A. station chief inRome.
Citing state secrecy, the judge did not convict five
high-ranking Italians charged in theabduction, including a former
head of Italian military intelligence, Nicolò Pollari.
All the Americans were tried in absentia and are considered
fugitives. Through theircourt-appointed lawyers, they pleaded not
guilty.
Italian prosecutors had charged the Americans and seven members
of the Italian militaryintelligence agency in the abduction of
Osama Moustafa Hassan Nasr, known as AbuOmar, on Feb. 17, 2003.
Prosecutors said he was snatched in broad daylight, flown froman
American air base in Italy to a base in Germany and then on to
Egypt, where heasserts that he was tortured.
Ian C. Kelly, a State Department spokesman, said the United
States was “disappointed”by the verdicts in Milan. He said that
because the verdicts were likely to be appealed, hecould not
comment on the specifics of the case.
Armando Spataro, the counterterrorism prosecutor who brought the
case, said he wasconsidering asking the Italian government for an
international arrest warrant for thefugitive Americans.
Mr. Spataro said he was pleased with what he called “very
courageous” verdicts. He saidit was a victory that “we brought the
trial to an end, and the facts were shown to be whatthey were.”
In May, Mr. Magi ruled that there was enough evidence to proceed
with the case evenafter Italy’s Constitutional Court ruled in March
that any evidence of coordinationbetween the Italian secret
services and the C.I.A. violated state secrecy rules and
wastherefore inadmissible.
Mr. Magi also asked for $1.45 million in damages for Mr. Nasr
and $750,000 for hiswife, Ghali Nabila. In separate lawsuits, Mr.
Nasr, who is now living in Alexandria,Egypt, is seeking $14 million
in damages from the defendants, and his wife is seeking$7.4 million
against the Italian authorities. In August the couple also filed a
suit with the
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Italy Convicts 23 Americans for C.I.A. Renditions -
NYTimes.com
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/05/world/europe/05italy.html?scp=4&sq=&st=nyt[9/23/2011
11:40:43 AM]
European Court of Human Rights.
Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International applauded
Wednesday’s ruling. In astatement, Tom Parker, Amnesty
International’s United States point man for terrorismissues, called
on the Obama administration to “repudiate the unlawful practice
ofextraordinary rendition.”
The administration has closed secret overseas prisons but is
keeping the practice ofrendition in place.
At the time of his abduction, Mr. Nasr was under surveillance by
the Italian authorities,who suspected him of preaching violence
from his Milan mosque and recruitingmilitants to send to Iraq in
anticipation of the American invasion. He was missing for ayear,
finally resurfacing in Egypt, where he called his wife in Italy to
say he had beentortured.
The phone call was enough to activate Italian prosecutors, who
are required toinvestigate if there is the possibility of a
crime.
Prosecutors were able to reconstruct his disappearance using
cellphone records traced tothe American agents. The operatives used
false names but left a paper trail ofunencrypted cellphone records
and credit card bills at luxury hotels in Milan.
Court-appointed lawyers for several of the American defendants
assert that prosecutorsnever adequately established their clients’
identities. They said they would appeal theruling.
“The C.I.A. has not commented on any of the allegations
surrounding Abu Omar,” saidPaul Gimigliano, a C.I.A. spokesman.
The Italian government has denied involvement. Through a
spokesman, it declined tocomment on Wednesday.
In June, Il Giornale, a newspaper owned by the brother of Mr.
Berlusconi, published aninterview that it said it had conducted via
Skype with Mr. Lady, the former C.I.A. basechief in Milan, whose
whereabouts are unknown. In the interview, he said of Abu
Omar’sabduction: “Of course it was an illegal operation. But that’s
our job. We’re at war againstterrorism.”
Among the 22 Americans convicted was Sabrina De Sousa, who was
accused of havingworked closely with Mr. Lady and who has sued the
State Department for diplomaticimmunity.
Ms. De Sousa’s lawyer, Mark Zaid, said she would amend her
lawsuit against the StateDepartment, pending in federal court in
Washington, adding as defendants Mr. Castelli,Mr. Lady and the
C.I.A., because “according to news reports, they were responsible
forthis alleged abduction.” Ms. De Sousa has never admitted working
for the C.I.A. and hasdenied any role in the rendition. Former
colleagues have said she did work for theagency.
According to one former senior C.I.A. official, Mr. Castelli, as
the C.I.A.’s Rome stationchief, was assigned to the American
Embassy and would therefore be entitled to fulldiplomatic immunity.
But Mr. Lady and Ms. De Sousa worked out of the United
StatesConsulate in Milan and had more limited immunity.
The former C.I.A. official said that if Italian prosecutors were
successful in getting aninternational arrest warrant, the convicted
spies would probably face the threat of arrestanywhere outside the
United States for the rest of their lives.
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Italy Convicts 23 Americans for C.I.A. Renditions -
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More Articles in World »A version of this article appeared in
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Both Mr. Castelli and Mr. Lady have retired from the C.I.A.,
according to former agencyofficials.
Most of the top C.I.A. officers said to have planned the Abu
Omar rendition have left theagency, with the exception of Stephen
R. Kappes, who at the time was the assistantdirector of the
C.I.A.’s clandestine branch.
He is now the C.I.A.’s second ranking official.
Mark Mazzetti and Scott Shane contributed reporting from
Washington.
Connect with The New York Times on Facebook.
Past CoverageWoman in Rendition Case Sues for Immunity (May 14,
2009)Italian Court Upends Trial Involving C.I.A. Links (March 12,
2009)Italian Investigator Says U.S. Agents Left Obvious Clues in
Abduction Case (May29, 2008)
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