Jim Underschultz - CSIRO (and their collaborators) present 'a rapid tour of projects: Carbon Storage and Groundwater

Jim Underschultz,

GCCSI Groundwater Thematic Workshop

CSIRO (and our collaborators), a rapid tour of projects:

Carbon Storage and Groundwater

Carbon Storage Projects in Australia

WA DMP

Collie Hub

Flagship

QLD DMP

Geosciences

Australia

Vic DPI

CarbonNet

Flagship

ZeroGen/Wandoan

Flagship

GCCSI & ANLEC

Gorgon

Coolimba

Otway

CSIRO through the CO2CRC and collaborations with WADMP

Coolimba Study Area

MOORA

PERTH

MORAWA

GINGIN

DONGARA

ENEABBA

CARNAMAH

MINGENEW

LANCELIN

GERALDTON

IRWIN RIVER

MOORE RIVER

HELENA RIVER

AVON R

IVER

MOORE R

IVER

Woodada

Dongara

Beharra Springs

Mondarra

Mt Horner

Mondarra

116°0'0"E

116°0'0"E

115°0'0"E

115°0'0"E

114°0'0"E

114°0'0"E

29°0'0"S 29°0'0"S

30°0'0"S 30°0'0"S

31°0'0"S 31°0'0"S

32°0'0"S 32°0'0"S

Ü

Legend

Oil and Gas Fields

Towns

Roads

Railways

0 40 8020 Kilometers

Coolimba Power Station

Indian Ocean

Darlin

g F

ault

Project Reviews

Woodada area deep saline formation storage prospects

• Woodada NW

• Woodada West

• Woodada East

• Woodada East Extension (and deep)

• Woodada Field deeper strata

Issues

• Smaller Field

• Less Compartmentalisation

• In-situ Stress

• Hybrid storage solution

• Less data

• Well leakage

Woodada Hybrid Storage Concept

Groundwater use in the northern Perth Basin

Carbon Storage Projects in Australia

WA DMP

Collie Hub

Flagship

QLD DMP

Geosciences

Australia

Vic DPI

CarbonNet

Flagship

ZeroGen/Wandoan

Flagship

GCCSI & ANLEC

Gorgon

Otway

CSIRO as well a CSIRO through the CO2CRC and collaborations with WADMP

The Lower Lesueur

Prospective storage option

within the defined study

area

YILGARN

CRATON

SUB-BASIN

VLAMING

Parm

elia

Hig

h

Roe H

igh

Bada

min

na

Fau

ltS

yste

m

TERRACE

MANDURAH

Harvey R

idge

Harvey T

ransfer

VLAMING

SUB-BASIN

FAU

LT

DU

NS

BO

RO

UG

H

TROUGH

BUNBURY

PERTH

Cockburn 1

Rockingham 1

Pinjarra 1

Lake Preston 1

Wonnerup 1

On-shore south of

Lake Preston

Cross Section

North – South structural section across the Harvey Ridge

West – East hydrogeological section near Harvey Ridge

Thin Fresh-Water wedge

Suggests low hydraulic conductivity

Lake Preston 1 Logs

Petrophysics

Estimate groundwater availability

Current and future climate and land development.

Surface water - groundwater interactions.

Identify information gaps.

South West WA Sustainable Yields Study

Water for a Healthy Country Flagship

Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Geographe Bay, Bunbury

Estimation of the offshore groundwater discharge (SGD) into Geographe Bay

Application of satellite IR imagery to detect areas of offshore groundwater discharge

Application of satellite data to detect bathymetric features indicative of SGD

Help constrain overall water balance

Carbon Storage Projects in Australia

WA DMP

Collie Hub

Flagship

QLD DMP

Geosciences

Australia

Vic DPI

CarbonNet

Flagship

ZeroGen/Wandoan

Flagship

GCCSI & ANLEC

Gorgon

Otway

CSIRO as well a CSIRO through the CO2CRC and collaborations with GSQ and GA

Bowen/Surat Hydrostratigraphy

(modified after Willink, 2004)

Water

CSM

O&G

CO2

Regional Flow Net: Precipice Formation

Hodgkinson, et al, 2009

Hodgkinson et al. APPEA Journal 2010

Regional Flow Net: Hutton Formation

Hodgkinson, et al, 2009

Hodgkinson et al. APPEA Journal 2010

Basin locations: Surat & Bowen

(CSIRO Land and Water)

Topography

Surface water drainage to different basins

CSIRO. Insert presentation title, do not remove CSIRO from start of footer

GAB intake beds

Regional GAB flow (Land and Water)

Water balance of the GAB

GAB Resource Study (1998)

Great Artesian Basin

Water Resource Assessment

(GAB WRA)

Project Overview for

Global CCS Institute Workshop

GAB WRA

Re-appraisal of GAB water resources

• Updated conceptualisation of Habermehl

(1980) and Radke et al (2000)

Next in the series of CSIRO ‘Sustainable

Yield’ projects

• MDBSY NASY SWSY TasSY

• Spans 4 states

• Basin-wide collation of data

• Groundwater focus

• Basin-scale assessment:

• Hydrodynamics, Hydrogeochemistry, Recharge, Discharge,

• Groundwater modelling to evaluate regional management scenarios:

• Effect of increased abstraction for mining and energy development

• Impact on groundwater resource from increased abstraction

• Impact on key environmental aspects (e.g. springs)

GAB WRA

• Geology

• Jurassic & Cretaceous aquifers

• Over/underlying aquifers where

justified by vertical leakage

• Hydrodynamics

• P(z) profiles, hydrochem, isotopes

• Eastern recharge studies

• Western discharge studies (link with GAB

D3)

• Delivered by end of 2012

• Parallel workflow

• Updated geology and

hydrodynamics

• Concurrent flow modelling

during re-conceptualisation

Estimating Diffuse Discharge

Natural discharge in the GAB thought to occur by two mechanisms:

• Preferential flow along faults/fractures

• Diffuse leakage through aquitard

Sub-program D3 aims to:

• Estimate the magnitude of diffuse upward leakage

• Investigate techniques for upscaling

Combined hydraulic and

hydrochemical approach

• High-resolution, point-scale field

investigation

• Accurately quantify 1D flux

2 coring sites at GAB discharge

margin

• West side of Lake Eyre

• Located adjacent to existing GAB

pastoral bores for depth control

• Coring to base of confining aquitard

63 mm continuous core through the

Maree Subgroup

• Oodnadatta Fm

• Coorikiana Sandstone

• Bulldog Shale

Estimating Diffuse Discharge

Site 1 Site 2

Estimating Diffuse Discharge

Vertical profile approach

• Porewater chemistry (major ions)

• Isotopes ( 2H 18O of water, 4He, 36Cl)

• Hydraulic head and temperature

• Physical parameters (K, particle size)

• Transport parameters (ne, De)

1D modelling

Carbon Storage Projects in Australia

WA DMP

Collie Hub

Flagship

QLD DMP

Geosciences

Australia

Vic DPI

CarbonNet

Flagship

ZeroGen/Wandoan

Flagship

GCCSI & ANLEC

Gorgon

Otway

CSIRO as well a CSIRO through the CO2CRC and collaborations with GSV and GA

Latrobe Strata

Latrobe su

bcrop

Latrobe su

bcrop

Kingfish 71West Kingfish 82

Bream 88

Bream B 96

Dolphin 90

Tarwhine 90

Seahorse 90

Mackerel 77

Corbia 79

Fortescue 83

Marlin 69

Snapper 81

Moonfish 97

Barracouta 69

Whiting 89

Angelfish

Tuna 79

Halibut 70

Sole Field

50km

RosedaleTraralgon

Morwell

Churchill

Sale

Maffra

Approx. Edge of G

ippsland Basin

Approx.

Edge o

f Gip

psland B

asin

0 25km

Scale

N

Rosedale Fault System

Foster Fault System

Darriman Fault System

Lake Wellington Fault System

CentralDeep

SeasprayDepression

LatrobeValley

North Strzelecki Terrace

South Strzelecki Terrace

Northern Platform

? ?

-46m head

43m head

22m head

47m head45m head

52m head

34m head

59m head

59m head

64m headFlounder

58m head

-2m head

40

45

14 17

12

18

10 10

38

77

59

853 -74

-45

21

22

63

48

15

15

-3

-6

-5-9

-11

-49

-17

-24

-23

-23

-44

-40

34

-12-23

-1

25

34

33

15

32

1

4734

134

12

34

60

26

30

15

21

42

4855

4682

23

24

25

70

11

97

5

(84)

(83)

(85)

(75)

(80)(79)

(79)(83)

(82)

(93)

(85)

(89)

(81)

Head (used directly)

Head (used indirectly)

48

11

2550

(86)(86)

5040

40

40

305080

40

30

20

70

60 50

60

40

60

70

50

60

80

Upper Latrobe Aquifer System - Virgin Hydraulic Head (m) Distribution

Pre-Human Groundwater System (Head mSS)

~25 GL/yr

~10 GL/yr

~85 GL/yr

~80 GL/yr recharge

Latrobe su

bcrop

Latrobe su

bcrop

Kingfish 71West Kingfish 82

Bream 88

Bream B 96

Dolphin 90

Tarwhine 90

Seahorse 90

Mackerel 77

Corbia 79

Fortescue 83

Marlin 69

Snapper 81

Moonfish 97

Barracouta 69

Whiting 89

Angelfish

Tuna 79

Halibut 70

Sole Field

50km

RosedaleTraralgon

Morwell

Churchill

Sale

Maffra

Approx. Edge of G

ippsland Basin

Approx.

Edge o

f Gip

psland B

asin

0 25km

Scale

N

Rosedale Fault System

Foster Fault System

Darriman Fault System

Lake Wellington Fault System

CentralDeep

SeasprayDepression

LatrobeValley

North Strzelecki Terrace

South Strzelecki Terrace

Northern Platform

? ?

-46m head

43m head

-16m head

34m head

59m head

-2m head

14

7

38

-74

22

-44

-40

-12-23

-1

20

21

16

11

11

14

60

32

20

23

45

21

20

14

19

7

29

40

80

15

-100

-50

-40

-20

-10

-10

0

-30

-30

-10

20

Upper Latrobe Aquifer System - Inferred Hydraulic Head (m) Distribution for mid 1990’s

Head (used directly)

Head (used indirectly)

48

11

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(95)

(97)

20 2010

10 0

6070

40

30

20

20

10

10 20

50

60

Locally depressed

hydraulic head surface

also noted by SKM report

(January 2004)

-10-20

0

-30

-50

-50

Data from the mine site area is taken from

“Latrobe Valley regional groundwater and land

surface monitoring report five year review as at

June 2000. # 1000/8505/99 Geo-eng pty ltd.

Mid 1990’s System (Head mSS)

GSV Top Seal Potential

From Goldie et al. 2010, APPEA Journal , 50, 463-486.

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

09/1991 01/1993 06/1994 10/1995 03/1997 07/1998 12/1999 04/2001 09/2002 01/2004 05/2005 10/2006 02/2008 07/2009 11/2010

Wate

r le

vel (m

AH

D)

Date

Water levels in deep and shallow bores in Latrobe Valley in Gippsland Basin, Victoria

B112998 - Shallow B128029 - Shallow

B128030 - Shallow B128031 - Shallow

LY2676 - Deep TS36 - Deep

Simulation results of the Golden Beach

Formation

CSIRO. Insert presentation title, do not remove CSIRO from start of footer

Sedsim Results of the Latrobe Group

(overlying Golden Beach)

Sedsim results of the Seaspray Group

(overlying Latrobe and Golden Beach)

Gippsland Basin - Hydrodynamic Model

(variable-density)

Wireline logs of 125 petroleum wells in the onshore and

offshore Gippsland Basin have been analysed to

obtain the shale volume (Vshale) at wells.

Gippsland Basin - Hydrodynamic Model

(variable-density)

• Correlation of Vshale with conventional core-derived permeabilities

• MICP tests have been related to depositional facies

• Correlation of core-derived permeability and porosity has been used to distribute porosity in the Latrobe and Lakes Entrance formations.

y = 8152.4e-5.4733x

R2 = 0.9461y = -2.8667x + 2.8142

R2 = 0.9946

0.1

1

10

100

1000

10000

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Avg VCL

Av

g K

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

AV

g L

og

K

Avg K

Series3

Series4

Avg Log K

Expon. (Avg K)

Linear (Avg Log K)

y = 0.0273x + 0.1304

R2 = 0.4416

y = 0.0342x + 0.1141

R2 = 0.6406

y = 0.027x + 0.1313

R2 = 0.4725

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

-3.00 -2.00 -1.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

Log k

Ph

i

• Nine hydrostratigraphic units, comprising

aquifers and aquitards, have been defined

for the 3D Modflow/SEAWAT model of the

Gippsland Basin.

• Over the next 3 months the model will be

calibrated under pre-stress steady state

conditions.

Gippsland Basin - Hydrodynamic Model

(variable-density)

Mitigation of Resource Conflicts for CO2 Storage

New ANLEC R&D research through WAERA

•Study areas: Flagship CCS sites - Perth Basin

(Collie Hub), Gippsland Basin (CarbonNet ) and

Surat Basin (Wandoan).

•Gap Analysis

•Potential impacts of carbon storage on water,

conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons,

coal, geothermal and other resources.

•Develop guidelines for adoption of mitigation options

for potential conflicts and high risk issues.

•Recommend suitable monitoring strategies.

Challenges with Carbon Storage and Groundwater

• Saline water displacement

• Regional pressure changes that shift the migration

direction of saline water

• Regional pressure changes that increase the flux of

saline formation water out of sealing strata

• Other possible current and future resource conflicts

Challenge:

Integrated Subsurface Management

Conventional Petroleum

Groundwater

Marine Park

CO2 StorageGeothermal

Coal Seam Methane

Competing use of pore space

Minable Coal

Shale Gas

Phone +61 8 6436 8700

Email [email protected]

Web www.csiro.au/cpr

Helping Australia to achieve a secure, clean, wealth-creating energy economy, tailored for a carbon-constrained world

CSIRO ENERGY

Thank You