Jesus Tradition in Early Patristic Writings, Riemer Roukema

7/31/2019 Jesus Tradition in Early Patristic Writings, Riemer Roukema

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JESUS RADIION IN EARLY PARISIC WRIINGS

Riemer Roukema

E v h h J . B h , h h J h hv h bh b h b hh

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W v h h h CE, .., C R, h

Epistle to the Corinthians h h , C Ax, h h h h b h h . W h hh C h b h Ch 178 CE. H h, b h h h b,Alths Logos, hv b v O -Against Celsus ( 248 CE) h hh.

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1. Extracanonical raditions about JesusOrigin, Birth, Youth, and Baptism

A h J , bh, b,J M h h J b v,hh h Ih 33:16 LXX (h hh v ).2 H h J, h h Jh h ,

h .3 J h, h J h

1 S R. R, L q Nv , Te Apostolic Age in Patristic Tought, . A. Hh, VCh.S 70 (L: B,2004), 86103.

2 J M, Dialogue with rypho 78.56 (. 70.2), . M. Mvh, PS 47,(B: G, 1997). J bh v h Protevangelium

Jacobi 18.1, . . H. R. S, AN 1 (A: v G, 1965),

125127.3 J M, Dialogue with rypho 88.8; . Inancy Gospel o Tomas 13.1, . Te Apocryphal New estament. A Collection o Apocryphal Christian Literature inan English ranslation,J. K. E (Ox: C P, 1999), 78.


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b bz, h J.4 Jv h v v h h hv J

b h h x h Cx Bz h O-Lv L 3:22: Y S, I hv b .5F h v h J bh b .6

C b h Ch J h hJ b h h h h Ph, h q h h bh h h . H bh hv . 7Ahh h h h

Jh b P ( Jh b P, ),8Jh M h, h Jh , h x h J. T h b h h C J; h

4 J M, Dialogue with rypho 88.3 (PS 47). T h Sibylline Oracles 6.46, . J. G , GCS 8 (Lz: Hhh Bhh,1902), 130, . J. J. C, Te Old estament Pseudepigrapha, . J. H. Ch-h, v. I (L: D, L & , 1983), 407, h PraedicatioPauli, x q P-C, De Rebaptismate 17, . G. H, CSEL 3,3;(v: A C. G F Bb A, 1871), 90; D. A. B,Le baptme de Jsus. Histoire de lexgse aux deux premiers sicles, BGBE 14 (b-: J. C. B. Mh, 1973), 4344, 5255, 96, 128. A v h D Mh 3:15 h O-L V () S (1), hh h J b h h h .S L. L, Le tmoignage dEphrem sur le Diatessaron, CSCO Sb 227, 19 (Lv:

P, 1962), 105107; P. H, Pq Ch - b? L J, RHPhR 77 (1993): 567585, 574576.5 J M, Dialogue with rypho 88.8; 103.6 (PS 47). S B, Baptme,

131132; H, Pq Ch - b?, 581582. T Gospel o the Ebi-onites : Y bv S, I , I hv b; Synopsis Quattuor Evangeliorum, . K. A, 15h . (S: DhBbh, 1996), 27.

6 S. A. P, S C A S. G M-, RivBib 38 (1990): 191223, v h J J h h h A, b h h x.

7 O, Contra Celsum 1.28; 1.32; 1.3839; . . M. B, SC 132 (P:

C, 1967). C. h Eh b H. Ch, Origen. Contra Celsum (C-b: Cb Uv P, 1953; 1980).8 S M. L, v q C

h, RHPhR 21 (1941): 133.


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b E N.9 Hv, C hv h Jh . J Shb h h

J bh h.10

C Jh h, b h v,J h h E, h h h h () , hh h v h h G.11 T h x.12

C Ax h J bh h-hh A (.., 4/3 BCE), h h

. F h h q L 3:12h h h L Jh h h b(.., 28/29 CE), L 3:23 h J b h h h bz. A C h 194 , h h b J bh h h C(h Db 31, 192 CE).13 F h b h J b 3 BCE, Nvb 18.Hv, H F h h h C h (. L 2:1) h 6/7 CE.14 I h C h h h J bh

9 J. M,Jesus von Nazareth in der talmudischen berlieerung, EF 82 (D:Whh Bhh, 1978), 130267; E. N, L z G C, Discorsi di verit. Paganesimo, giu-daismo et cristianesimo a conronto nel Contro Celso di Origene, . L. P, SEA61 (R: I P A, 1998), 133166.

10 J. Shb, Te Illegitimacy o Jesus. A Feminist Teological Interpretation o theInancy Narratives (S F: H & R, 1987), 165169, 195; M.

Sh,Jesus the Magician (L: V Gz, 1978), 5861.11 O, Contra Celsum 1.28 (SC 132).12 C., .., Mh 2:1320; 12:24; J M, Dialogue with rypho 69.7 (PS

47); Arabic Inancy Gospel 926, . A. W, Apocryphal Gospels, Acts, andRevelations, ANCL 16 (Ebh: & C, 1870), 103111; Pseudo-Matthew 23,. E,Apocryphal New estament, 96. R C h , .., O, Contra Celsum 1.68; 2.13; 2.27; 2.49; 2.74 (SC132); . Sh,Jesus the Magician, 5860. D. R, C vq Cx Bz, Codex Bezae. Studies rom the Lunel Colloquium June 1994,. D. C. P C.-B. Ahx, NS 22 (L: B, 1996), 240247, h C h x.

13 C, Stromateis 1.145.15, . C. M, M. C, SC 30 (P: C,

1951).14 S H. F, Die Feier der Geburt Christi in der Alten Kirche. Beitrge zurErorschung der Annge des Epiphanie- und des Weihnachtestes, SAC 4 (b:Mh, 2000), 1115.


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h -h Ph, hh M 20, h-hh A.15 Fh, h

B h h J b h -h -h Phh, hh A 19 20, h - . T B h J bz hh b h h b (.., J 10, 28/29CE), h h h h J b h vh b (.., J 6).16 R Ch, C J h Nvb 18, 27 CE,b h h v h B, h hJ h xh b (29/30 CE),

h h -h Phh h -h hh Phh (.., Mh 21, A 20 14).

Sz h C x h h h, F h C f J bh, b, .17

2. raditions on Jesus eaching that Seem to Derive rom or

Are Quoted rom the Canonical Gospels

I h J , b, h , hh h h h h h J hh b b h b. I h - h 1950 h h h h b C R - h hh, , h x h h

h h h h hh. Hv, h h

15 C, Stromateis 1.145.6 (SC 30); F, Feier, 15.16 C, Stromateis 1.146.24 (SC 30); F, Feier, 1516.17 F, Feier, 1138; 193. S, .., E. Ph, h J,

ZNW5 (1904): 117; R. H. B, B Ch N I-,JBL 51 (1932): 81134; W. H, ber Jahrespunkte und Feste insbesondere

das Weihnachtsest, SSA 6 (B: A-V, 1956), 1830; S. K. R, owardthe Origins o Christmas, LC 5 (K: K Ph, 1995), 7779; W. A. Lh,Basilides und seine Schule. Eine Studie zur Teologie- und Kirchengeschichte des zweiten

Jahrhunderts, WUN 83 (b: Mh, 1996), 4248.


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x hh h h -

, h b b v h x .18

I 1950 Mx bh h h h h G Mh b I, hh h h h .19 H h h G Mh, h S h M , h .H h h Mh, h G L Jh , h h G M b.20 B h 1957 H K (, K) b-

h h h h A Fh, h f b Mx (h h h), h v J h h , h h b h .21 I 1959 F.-M. B bh h h h G Jh h hh, b

v .22 I 1967 A. J. Bz h J M - q - b h h h h hv, h h h- .23 T hh h b b L L.K H K, b b G S.24 I 1973

18 F h M.-. B, U -q P , Te New estament in Early Christianity, . J. M. Sv,BETL 86 (Lv: P, 1989), 177195, 177181.

19

E. Mx, Infuence de lvangile de saint Matthieu sur la littrature chrtienneavant saint Irne, DGMF II, 42 (Lv Gbx, 1950); b F.N, ., h b B. Dhh, BEL 75 (Lv: P,1986); E. Mx, L x J,ETL 28 (1952): 411448.

20 Mx, Infuence, 647655.21 H. K, Synoptische berlieerung bei den Apostolischen Vtern, U 65.5, 10

(B: A-V, 1957); , Ancient Christian Gospels. Teir History andDevelopment(L: SCM P Phh: P, 1990).

22 F.-M. B,Jean le Tologien et son vangile dans lglise ancienne, EB (P:J. Gb, 1959).

23 A. J. Bz, Te Sayings o Jesus in the Writings o Justin Martyr, NS 17

(L: B, 1967), 140141.24 L. L. K, Hz S J h P-C H J M, ZNW66 (1975): 223241; G. S, E Evh bJ P?, NS 24 (1978): 297316; H. K, Ancient Christian


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D H h C R q hh , b h h C v

h v h q.25

I 1987 W-Dh Kh b h h G Mh h Mx 1950, h h h Mh b I h h h h h h .26 L B b, h h h Fh G h v - .27

T h v h h h h b

I (B Jh b h x) hI h f h .T h , I h h h G Mh, L, M, Jh hv.28Y b h, h x q-, I h h L h , v hh h h .29 I h h v x J, hh b h h .

I , h h I h hJ h , hh b L 4:19, h h b h L (KJV), h h f

Gospels, 360402. F h J h C. D.A, Revelation, ruth, Canon and Interpretation: Studies in Justin Martyrs Dialoguewith rypho, VCh.S 64 (L: B, 2002), 2021, 188220, h v hhh.

25

D. A. H, Te Use o the Old and New estaments in Clement o Rome,N S 34 (L: B, 1973), 135178, 332335, 332.26 W.-D. Kh, Die Rezeption des Matthusevangeliums in der Zeit vor Irenus ,

WUN 2.24 (b: J. C. B. Mh, 1987), 527536.27 . N, Die Rezeption des Johannesevangeliums im 2. Jahrhundert. Studien zur

vorirenischen Aneignung und Auslegung des vierten Evangeliums in christlicher undchristlich-gnostischer Literatur, ABG 2 (Lz: Evh V, 2000); C. E.H, Te Johannine Corpus in the Early Church (Ox: Ox Uv P,2004); B. Mh, Das Corpus Johanneum bei Irenus von Lyon. Studien und Kom-mentar zum dritten Buch von Adversus Haereses, WUN 189 (b: Mh Sb,2006).

28 I,Against Heresies 3.911, . . A. R, L. D, SC

211 (P: C, 1974).29 S H. v Ch, Die Entstehung der Christlichen Bibel, BHT 39(b: J. C. B. Mh, 1968), 223237; Y.-M. Bh, Aux sources du canon, letmoignage dIrne, CF 175 (P: C, 1993), 196229.


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2126 riemer roukema

h h h h . I L 3:23 hh J bz h h h hh ,

h Jh 8:57, h h J J hh , h h h . F I h h J h h v h h h h . F h v I v h h h b h h h h Jh h h .30 I 1857, W. W Hv h h h .31

3. Words o Jesus that May Derive rom an Independent raditionthat Has Also Been Included in the Canonical Gospels

Ahh h b h h h hv b h , vb h .T h, .., C Epistle to the Corinthians, hh x J. T q , Sh, h b h ; v, h b v

. A , b ; v, b v ; , b ; h , b h ; h b h v.32 Ev hh h q x,33 h h hv h xh h C .34 A Rh

30 I, Against Heresies 2.22.56, . . A. R, L. D,

SC 294 (P: C, 1982).31 W. W. Hv, Sancti Irenaei episcopi Lugdunensis libros quinque Adversus Hae-reses, v. I (Cb: A, 1857), 331.

32 ,,, , , ,, . C,Corinthians 13:2, . . B. D. Eh, Te Apostolic Fathers, v. I, LCL 24,(Cb MA L: Hv Uv P, 2003), 5659.

33 C. Mh 5:7; 6:1415; 7:12, 12; M 4:24; 11:25; L 6:31, 3638.34 Mx, Infuence, 713; O. Kh, Eigenart und Bedeutung der Eschatologie im

theologischen Auri des ersten Clemensbriees. Eine Auslegungsgeschichtliche Untersu-chung, Th. 17 (B: P H V, 1964), 70, 7374; M. M, Sh

D h B F H 1.Clemensbrie, K. 13,2, VetChr 8 (1971): 257272; H, Use, 135151; ,T S J h A Fh J M, Gospel Perspec-tives. Te Jesus radition outside the Gospels, . D. Wh, v. 5 (Sh : JSO


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h , h - , h , b h , h J.35 I

h h bh P C Ax h , b h C R.36T h x q J C , W h ! I hv b h b b, h h h b. B h hv b h b h h hv h.37 I h vh h h x h G Mh h ,38 h h h v

.39A h b h h h

G Mh h Didache.I v h h Ch h G Mh, h S h M, h h h h G,40 hh h h h h h J , h h h h h h G.41

P, 1984), 233268, 234237; K, Synoptische berlieerung, 1216; ,Ancient Christian Gospels, 6669; Kh, Rezeption, 6771; A. L, Die Clem-ensbriee, HN 17 (b: J. C. B. Mh, 1992), 54; H. E. L, Der erste Clemensbrie,KAV 2 (G: Vh & Rh, 1998), 214216.

35 A. Rh,Agrapha. Aussercanonische Schriragmente, 2 ; U 30/NF 15.34(Lz: Hhh Bhh, 1906), 88; 386; . 5.

36 P, Philippians 2:3, . . Eh,Apostolic Fathers, v. I, LCL 24,334337; C, Stromateis 2.91.2 (SC 38).

37 , ,

, . C, Corinthians 46:8, . . Eh,Apostolic Fathers,v. I, LCL 24, 118119.38 Mx, Inluence, 2327; Kh, Rezeption, 6264; Kh, Eigenart und

Bedeutung, 7072, h h G bh Mh L; L,Clemensbriee, 137. C. Mh 18:6; 26:24; M 9:42; 14:21; L 17:2; 22:22.

39 K, Synoptische berlieerung, 1619; ,Ancient Christian Gospels, 6970;H, Use, 152164; , S J, 237239; L, Der erste Clemensbrie,496498.

40 E.., Mx, Infuence, 604641; Kh, Rezeption, 1956. C. M. , S- h Dh, Te New estament in Early Christianity, . J.-M.Sv, 197230, h h h h Didache h h G Mh L.

41

E.., J.-P. A, La Didach. Instruction des aptres, EB (P: J. Gb, 1958),166186; H, S J, 240242; J. D, T J hDh, Gospel Perspectives. Te Jesus radition outside the Gospels, . D. W-h, v. 5 (Sh : JSO P, 1984), 269287; W. R A. , La


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A h h x h Didache h G, h

b h.42

T f h h , - h G Mh, h h Epistleo (Pseudo-)Barnabas, h Second Epistle o (Pseudo-)Clement, hE I Ah. I Mx v h G Mh h AFh,43 h K h h h ,44 Kh .A J M, Kh h h q h G

Mh, L, M h , b Kh h J h h .45 Y M- B h h h J, b C Ax h Fh q h h h h x h G Mh.46

doctrine des douze aptres (Didach), 2 ., SC 248b (P: C, 1998), 8391;H. v S, D. F, Te Didache. Its Jewish Sources and its Place in Early

Judaism and Christianity, CRIN 3.5 (A: v G M: FP, 2002), 3550; A. Mv, S h Didache Rv, JECS11 (2003): 443480; , Te Didache: Faith, Hope, and Lie o the Earliest ChristianCommunities, 5070 C.E. (N Y/Mhh NJ: P P, 2003).

42

K, Synoptische berlieerung, 159241, 239241; C. N. Jf, Te Say-ings o Jesus in the eaching o the welve Apostles , VCh S 11 (L: B, 1989),144145; K. N, Die Didache, KAV 1 (G: Vh & Rh1989), 7177.

43 Mv, P. F. B, U v Mh Bb, Sv, ., Te New estament in Early Christianity, 231245.

44 I h I, K b J. S Sb,I Mh, N 8 (1966): 263283, h h h v I q Mh.

45 Kh, Rezeption, 161265, 256265; J M, h h Mx, Infuence, 653, h M h b I. Bz, Sayings o Jesus, 140, h

J h h M.46 B, -q, 181195; h Mh 5:16, 17,37, .


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4. raditions about Jesus eaching and Passion that are Quotedor Derived rom Extracanonical Gospels

S x, h h v h, v v h h J h , h h b h .

C Ax h - hh x q h x. Ahhh h h hv b h 47 h, I, z h , C

b h . A v h x h b v b J. R.48F x, h v C q h Gospel othe Hebrews: H h , h h h .49 T J, hhC x. I h x h q v h b h h Gospel o theHebrews: H h , h ; hv ,h ; , h ; , h .50 Wh h h q h raditionso Matthias51 .52 O h h q

47 C, Stromateis 3.93.1 (GCS 52 [15]).48 J. R, C Ax, C Ah, Bib. 29

(1948): 7799, 391408; J. A. B, C Ax W h Dv h N C, SecCen 9 (1992): 4155; R, q, 99100.

49 . C, Stromateis2.45.5 (SC 38).

50 , , , . C, Stromateis 5.96.3, . .A. L B, P. V, SC 278 (P: C, 1981); . R, C, 398400.T h Gospel o Tomas 2, . . B. L, .,Nag Hammadi Codex II,27, v. I, NHS 22 (L: B, 1989), 5253, 113, 126.

51 C, Stromateis 2.45.4 (W h b ; SC 38); R,C, 401402, b hh C h h

h h b h q h h.52 C, Stromateis 5.63.7 (M , h h,SC 278); . R, C, 400401.


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S h J h Gospel o the Egyptians C h v.53

A x J b C hh J bz P.54 S Jh 3:22, 3:26 4:1 J bz (hh b Jh 4:2),55 h xh b h h P b h b.56Fh, C h h Jh J b, h h h b.57 T - b h b.58

Ah x C Epistleto Teodore, hh M Sh v h M Sb -

h- J 1958 hh h bh 1973.59T Secret Gospel o Mark h Mh h , h v h G,

53 C, Stromateis 3.45.3; 3.63.12; 3.64.1; 3.66.12; 3.92.293.1 (GCS 52 [15]).J S q, H h h h ? : A b h. Oh J h G h E

: I h h ; h S , I hv b h I v v bh h : E v , b h hh h b ; h S q h h h h q: Wh h b h, h h h b , h h h , h h ; . J. E. L. O, H. Ch, Alexandrian Christianity,LCC (L: SCM P Phh: W P, 1954), 61, 6970, 83.C. C, Excerpts rom Teodotus 67.2, . . F. S, SC 23 (P:C, 1970), 190191; Gospel o Tomas 22; 37. S R, C, 396398 S.P, Zerstrt die Werke der Weiblichkeit! Maria Magdalena, Salome und andere

Jngerinnen Jesu in christlich-gnostischen Schrien, NHMS 48 (L: B, 1999),203220.

54

Hypotyposeis 5, . O. Sh, L. Fh, GCS 172

(B: A-V,1970), 196. T h P bz A, h Abz J Jh, h h h.

55 E.., K. B, Teologiegeschichte des Urchristentums. Teologie des Neuen es-taments, 2 . (b/B: F V, 1995), 121123.

56 Chh Fh , A, Ab P b h h J Jh 13:610, h J P h hbh (). S D. A. B, J b, Figures du Nouveauestament chez les Pres, . P. Mv, Ch Bb P 3 (Sb:C A D Pq, 1991), 729, 1118.

57 In Epistolam primam Iohannis 1.1, . O. Sh, L. Fh (GCS 172), 210.58 S hActs o John 89; 93, . . E. J J.-D. K,Acta Ioannis,

CCSA 1 (h: B, 1983), 192193, 196197.59 M. Sh, Clement o Alexandria and a Secret Gospel o Mark (Cb MA:Hv Uv P, 1973).


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h h h v.60 S, x M Sh, h h ,61

h b h h h h v , h x h b b ,hh h v h b h b. Hv, hS. C. C v h h v z h hh h , h b v h h Epistle to Teodore h h hSecret Gospel o Mark b M Sh h.62

A h C Ax, h h h J

x h Second Epistle o (Pseudo-)Clement.63Ahh h h q J h h , h h q-.64 O h h x h q J h h . I, F h L h , I h , h v h ? F I h h h h v h h.65 K h

60 S . N .61 G. G. S, C Ch H A: A , JECS

11 (2003): 147153, h Dv F, Sh P, Ah M, h h h x 1976.

62 S. C. C, Te Gospel Hoax. Morton Smiths Invention o Secret Mark (BUv P: W X, 2005). S A. L B, L vS M Quis Dives Salvetur ? C Ax, Apocrypha 7(1996): 2741; A. Jb, U C Ax ? (MSh v S M), Apocrypha 10 (1999): 715; C. W. H,T S G M: S h A,JECS 11 (2003): 133145; B. D.

Eh, R Ch H S,JECS 11 (2003): 155163; E. R,Das Geheime Markusevangelium. Ein Schriund voller Rtsel (Nh-V:Nh V, 2003); P. Jf, Te Secret Gospel o Mark Unveiled. ImaginedRituals o Sex, Death, and Madness in a Biblical Forgery (N Hv, C: Y U-v P, 2007).

63 F h h , .., L, Clemensbriee, 195.64 S Mx, Infuence, 139155; K, Synoptische berlieerung, 62111;

Ancient Christian Gospels, 353360; K. P. D, Te Setting o Second Clement inEarly Christianity, N S 38 (L: B, 1974), 4982, 7982; H, S J, 244246;Kh, Rezeption, 129149.

65 , ; , . 2 Clement8:5, . . Eh,Apostolic

Fathers, v. I, LCL 24: 176177; h h L16:10. T I, Against Heresies 2.34.3 (SC 294); 5, h h h hv b .


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2132 riemer roukema

h h 2 Clement J b Mh, L, b , h x,

hh h G 8:5.66

A R. W, x J q 2 Clement h bb h .67 Y h K Wh b v.68 S 2 Clements x q- C Ax x h Gospel othe Egyptians, h h h hv h . Tx q , F h h L h b - h h , h , Wh h , h h , h h h h

, [h] h Fh .69 ARh h h h , b h h .70 K h h h x J 2 Clement h Gospel o theNazarenes. I , Ev b b h I hv , I , Lv ! I h , h h

66 K, Synoptische berlieerung, 110;Ancient Christian Gospels, 353355.67 R. W, Uh z 2. Cb (D, Mb, 1989),

466468, b L, Clemensbriee, 194.68 C. H, Use, 282; Kh, Rezeption, 147.69 , , ,

. . .. 2 Clement12:2, 6, . . Eh,Apostolic Fathers, v. I, LCL 24: 182185; . C, Stromateis 3.92.2(GCS 52 [15]; 53); Gospel o Tomas 22. S h h x q- 2 Clement b h Gospel o Tomas, h h h G; . D, Setting, 7377, h h b h

h h Gospel o the Egyptians h bv h 2Clement h G ( Setting, 152154).70 S . B, 2 C 12 h S J, Logia. Les paroles de

JsusTe Sayings o Jesus, . J. Db, BEL 59 (Lv: P, 1982), 529556, 551553; . B, Early ransmission o Words o Jesus. Tomas, atian and theext o the New estament(A: F Uv P, 1983), 261288; h A. Rh, M z h Shh, VI. G. 3,28 = C. R.II, 12,2, ZKWL 9 (1888): 232245. L, Rh h h J h, Agrapha. Aussercanonische Schriragmente, 2 .,U 30/NF 15.34 (Lz, Hhh Bhh, 1906), 95. D. M. MD,Tere is no Male and Female. Te Fate o a Dominical Saying in Paul and Gnosticism ,HDR 20 (Phh: F P, 1987), h h v ,

hh h h J; h h P G 3:2628. J. D. C, Te Historical Jesus. TeLie o a Mediterranean Jewish Peasant(Ebh: & C, 1991), 295298, hh h h J.


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.71 Kh, hv, b hh h b hx h h Gospel o the Nazarenes

.72

O h, h J 2 Clementh b v, h h x J q 2 Clement agrapha, hh b h .

W h b h J M hv h Gospel o Peter. Ahh Bz h h b J x h J h Gospel o Peter, Gh N. S h h

v h J h , AH P Ph h h h b J J h Gospelo Peter.73 A h, h v bhH Ph h bh J h Gospel o Peter h h J ( h R ) J, h, I, h h J ( h R ) h.74 F Ph h J h Gospel o Peter h bh h (-) () h h J

71 , , , , . 2 Clement 4:5, . . Eh, Apostolic Fathers, v. I, LCL 24:170171; K, Synoptische berlieerung, 9193;Ancient Christian Gospels, 355357.Rh,Agrapha2, 168, J. H. R, Die Sprche Jesu die in den kanonischen Evan-

gelien nicht berlieert sind ( 79), 5758, h x x x (Mh 7:23; 25:12; L 13:2527; Jh 13:23; 14:21; 15:10, 14).72 Kh, Rezeption, 143144, 288302. Rh,Agrapha2, 168,

J.73 Bz, Sayings o Jesus, 139; G. N. S, J G

J M I, Te Biblical Canons, . J.-M. A, H. J. J,BEL 153 (Lv: P, 2003), 353370, 364; A. H, Bruchstcke des Evan-

geliums und der Apokalypse des Petrus, U 9.2 (Lz, Hhh Bhh,1893), 3741; P. Ph, J Pv, ZNW81 (1990): 6078.Bz, Sayings o Jesus, 139, h f b J h J Dialogue 99.1 (PS 47), G, G, h hv ? h Gospel o Pete 6.19, . . M. G. M, SC 201 (P: C, 1973), M

, [] , hv .74 . J, 1 Apology 35.6, . M. Mvh, PS 38 (B: G,1994); , . Gospel o Peter3.7 (SC 201); H, Bruch-stcke, 3839; Ph, J, 6973.


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2134 riemer roukema

v J h.75 Jh D C hhz h hGospel o Peter b v Cross Gospel ( h

h CE), hh h h hJ hv b h b b h h h .76 A h h,hv, h b b h h ,hh x h R J h h h J.

5. Ah that Seem to be ransmitted Independently

I 1776 J. G. K h agrapha - J h hv b h N .77I h h h , h h h h J h b h , hh b h . Hv, h h h agrapha , h v, h b K.78 I 1889 A Rh h

x J h h , hhh h h hh h h Hb J, hh h h h h N hv . B h h h b v v, h JH R h , h h J h b Oxhh, Rh bh v 1906, hh h hv h h b h N

75 J, Dialogue with rypho 97.3 (PS 47); Gospel o Peter4,12 (SC 201); Ph,J, 7375; H, Bruchstcke, 39.

76 J. D. C, Te Cross that Spoke. Te Origins o the Passion Narrative (SF: H & R, 1988), 1630, 60, 188, 191197, 404410.

77 J. G. K, De sermonibus Christi (D, Lz, 1776),

b Rh, Agrapha2

, 1 (h 1776 h b 1778); 14.78 J. P. M, A Marginal Jew. Rethinking the Historical Jesus, ABRL (N Y:1991), 1:112, x h agrapha [ and deeds] J(h RR).


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h.79 Rh R v h x J.80

Rh h f h b h h agrapha. I , . I b h S, h bh x J h h h Gospel o theHebrews h Gospel o the Egyptians agrapha.Y Rh h h x J h hv b h h, h h b agrapha apocrypha.81 I

h Rh v h-x agrapha h h - h J.82 R v; h agrapha h , h v, bb h J.83 Hv, bh Rh R h agrapha b , v h N , hh h v J q A 20:35, I b v h v.84 Fh, h h - hh vb agrapha N ,85 v , , h R, h Gospel o the Hebrews h almud.86 T h h agrapha v h h.

79 A. Rh, Agrapha. Ausserkanonische Evangelienragmente in mglichster Voll-stndigkeit zusammengestellt und quellenkritisch untersucht, U 5.4 (Lz:Hhh Bhh, 1889); ,Agrapha. Aussercanonische Schriragmente,2 ., U 30/NF 15.34 (Lz: Hhh Bhh, 1906) (

h ); J. H. R, Die Sprche Jesu die in den kanonischen Evangeliennicht berlieert sind. Eine kritische Bearbeitung des von D. Alred Resch gesammeltenMaterials, U 14.3 (Lz: Hhh Bhh, 1896).

80 Rh,Agrapha2, 1; 1122; R, Sprche, 110.81 Rh,Agrapha2, 2.82 Ib., 385387.83 R, Sprche Jesu, 160161.84 Rh,Agrapha2, 2425, 385; R, Sprche Jesu, 136137, 160. S h,

Rh 1 T 4:1517, hh R, SprcheJesu, 152154, 161, bb h J.

85 F x, h h (Jh 7:538:11) agraphon; Rh, Agrapha2, 386. R, Sprche Jesu, 144, 160,

h h P h h h Gospel o theHebrews; Eb, Church History 3.39.17, . . K. L, v. I, LCL 153(Cb MA: Hv Uv P; L: W H, 1926).

86 R, Sprche Jesu, 145151.


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2136 riemer roukema

I 1948 Jh J bh h v -agrapha h h vb, hh h

h J. I 1963 h bh vh hh h h agrapha h h vh b h h.87 M h h h N (A 20:35; 1 T 4:1617), N , Oxhh , x, h h h h h.

I h h Rh b J q x (hh

4),88 h h b b hx b .Hv, h h bh h v h h b q x , hh h x. I , h h agrapha J h hv b q b h h v, h h h .

I h b h , P H b h J , Eb q h v b Interpretation o theLords Sayings h h h viva vox () b h h J h .89 Sv h h P - h G.90 Hv, h Interpretation o the Lords Sayings

87 J. J, Unbekannte Jesusworte, ATAN 16 (Zh: Z-V, 1948;3 . Gh: G Mh, 1963) ( h h ).

88 I , . N h v89 Eb, Church History 3.39.117 (LCL 153). S U. H. J. K, Papias von

Hierapolis. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des rhen Christentums, FRLAN 133 (G-: Vh & Rh, 1983); J. Kz, Papias von Hierapolis und dieEvangelien des Neuen estaments, EhM 4 (Rb: Fh P, 1983).

90 L. Ax, T Lv V: S h W W ECh G-R x, Te Bible in Tree Dimensions. Essays inCelebration o Forty Years o Biblical Studies in the University o She eld, . D. J. A.C, S. E. F, S. E. P, JSO S 87 (Sh : JSO, 1990), 221247; W. A.

Lh, Khhh Bbh z Vh v h h-h z Jhh, ZNW85 (1994): 234258; J. M, Pv , NedT49 (1995): 140153; A. D. B, P, Vz vivavox Evh, NS 44 (1998): 144151.


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, h .91 O h - x h

J, b h h J. T agraphon h b b I h h b hh h h , hh b bJ.92 Sh h hv h h ,hh b v Jh x, h J.93

T Epistle o (Pseudo-)Barnabas h agrapha h , b, b J ( h agrapha h q O x). T b h L

, S! I h h h .94 T - b h x, S h b , h b ,95 Rv 21:45, h h hv . . . S, I h . Rh h L J, b h h h h , R .96 K, hv, h h h x h L O h.97 T agraphon J h h q h h h h h , h, h v (h hh ).98 T , Wh h? S b v x h v h I b f h bh h , h h h h.99

91 T hv b b R. M. Hb b J. Kz, Kz, Papias, 89138.

92 I,Against Heresies 5.33.34, . . A. R, L. D, C.

M, SC 153 (P: C, 1969); Kz, Papias, 9495.93 Rh,Agrapha2, 166167; R, Sprche Jesu, 109111; J, UnbekannteJesusworte3, 3738; K, Papias, 97107; J. D. Db, Rq P I, RHPhR 71 (1991): 310.

94 , . Barnabas 6:13, . . Eh, Apos-tolic Fathers, v. II, LCL 25 (Cb MA/L: Hv Uv P, 2003),3435.

95 Mh 20:16; . 19:30; M 10:31.96 Rh,Agrapha2, 167168; R, Sprche Jesu, 4344.97 K, Synoptische berlieerung, 127. P. P R. A. K, ptre de

Barnab, SC 172 (P: C, 1971), 125, F. R. P, Der Barnabasbrie, KAV8 (G: Vh & Rh, 1999), 275276, h x

h J.98 Barnabas 7:4, . . Eh, Apostolic Fathers, v. II, LCL 25.99 ;

, ,


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2138 riemer roukema

T b J, b K h h b h b h h.100 T h agraphon

x b J , A h : h hh h h hh f.101 Rh b h, bR h b h h h z xh b J h h q .102

J M h agrapha h Dialogue with rypho.T , T b v .103 A Rh h h J q b P 1

Ch 11:19 (h hv b ), b R h hh; J h b h-.104 J agraphon , I hv h I hh , h I h .105 I Rh v h h J, b h , C Ax106 h Fh q h h b J, h q Ez.107 J h agraphon -

. Barnabas 7:5, . .Eh,Apostolic Fathers, v. II, LCL 25.

100 K, Synoptische berlieerung, 128, 148152; P K,ptre de Barnab, 132; P, Barnabasbrie, 296298. Rh, Agrapha2, R, Sprche Jesu, h x.

101 , , . Barnabas 7:11, . . Eh, ApostolicFathers, v. II, LCL 25.

102 Rh,Agrapha2, 8990; R, Sprche Jesu, 1718. K, Synoptische ber-lieerung, 127, P, Barnabasbrie, 316317, h R, b -

P K, ptre de Barnab, 137, h h h h .103 . J, Dialogue 35.3 (PS 47).104 Rh,Agrapha2, 100101, 386; R, Sprche Jesu, 9697; J, Unbekannte

Jesusworte3, 7475. C. Bz, Sayings o Jesus, 101102, 131; K, AncientChristian Gospels, 361362, 371374. A h h h .

105 , . J, Dialogue, 47.5 (PS 47);. T. B. F, FCh 6 (Wh DC: T Ch Uv A P,1948).

106 C, Te Rich Mans Salvation 40, . . G. W. Bh, LCL92 (Cb MA: Hv Uv P / L: W H, 1919),

352353.107 Rh,Agrapha2, 102, 322325, 386; R, Sprche Jesu, 137140; A. J. Bz,T S h Ah J M D h h 47:5, VigChr17 (1963): 6570; , Sayings o Jesus, 131134.


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h; J h h h h h h J

h h ; h h b h v h , I , h h- h .108 Rh h h h h.109

O J b J b h q,hh h . I h Apology, hx h b, J q Ch :U b , h hv.110Wh h x Jh 3:3 3:5 (U

b , h h G; b , h h G; RSV), Bz h J h v b- x h h Jh, h h h h J q - .111 Ohh, Kh N, h J - h, Mh 18:3(U b h, v h hv), h hG Jh.112

I On the Resurrection, hh b J b h b b h, Rh h

108 . . . , , , .J, Dialogue, 51.2 (PS 47; Mvh h

() h ; v, h Mh 24:24 Dialogue 35.1516; 82.10).109 Rh, Agrapha2, 172174; ., .., A 1:4; 10:41; I, Smyrneans 3:3

(LCL 24).110 , . J,

1 Apology 61.4, . E. J. G, Die ltesten Apologeten (G: Vh& Rh, 1914); J , , (N h b h h hv b h hb; 1 Apology 61.5, . G; Mvh, PS 38, ), hh Jh 3:4, hh h f; L. W. B, St. Justin Martyr: Te First and Second Apologies, ACW 56

(N Y Mhh NJ: P P, 1997).111 Bz, Sayings o Jesus, 134138, 136137, 138. K,Ancient ChristianGospels, 361, .

112 Kh, Rezeption, 207209; N, Rezeption, 96100.


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2140 riemer roukema

agraphon, hh h h: H h - hv;113 h h h h

h x h hv b bv N h.114 R, hv, h q, b - Ch h N x.115

A h h x J 2 Clementh 4, h agraphon v b, hh Rh h. I h : F h L , Y b h h v. B P h, Wh h v

h h? J P, A h , h hh h v . S : h h h h ; b h h, , h h b h h .116 I, R h bb h.117

W h I q P J. h agrapha h x . T , h G x v b Eh hL , I hv () h h , I h () h h, b h h h x h , T hv () h h , h h ()

113

, . P-J, On the Res-urrection 9, . M. H, PS 54 (B: G, 2001).114 Rh, Agrapha2, 103104, 386; h Ph 3:20; 2 Ch

5:12; G 4:26; Hb 12:22; 13:14; Jh 14:2.115 R, Sprche Jesu, 3233.116 : .

; : , .2 Clement5:24, . . Eh,Apostolic Fathers, v. I, LCL 24: 170173; .Mh 10:16; 10:28; L 10:3; 12:45; Rh,Agrapha2, 169170. K, Synoptische

berlieerung, 9499 B h h Gospel o the Nazarenes (9899); Kh, Rezeption, 144146, x .

117 R, Sprche Jesu, 146147; 161.


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h h.118 T b h h Gospel o Tomas, M hv

h h hh I , hv h h .119 Mv, h bMh 13:17 (M h h . . . hh h, b h ) L 10:24 (M h . . . h h h, b h ).120 T agraphon q b I , I hv b h- h hh , h v h hh ? 121 h q h 2 Clement8:5 hh h . Nh Rh R

h.122A C Ax q x

G, 4, h h (h) agra-pha, hh h .123 H q, J, S h , h , h h b ,124 hh Mh 6:33 (S h h h, h h b , Cx S). Rh h , R J h h bh.125 R, hv, -.126 C h h h q x S h

118 [] , . I, Against Heresies 1.20.2, ., ., A. R, L.D, SC 263, 290291; SC 264, 264265.

119 Gospel o Tomas 38, . . O. Lb, Nag Hammadi Codex II, 27, .B. L, v. I (NHS 20), 69.

120

Rh,Agrapha2

, 179, R, Sprche Jesu, 5657, h x - h .121 Si in modico deles non uistis, quod magnum est quis dabit uobis? I,

Against Heresies 2.34.3 (SC 294).122 Rh,Agrapha2, 170; R, Sprche Jesu, 1617.123 T hv b v b J. R, L Ah

v C Ax, Bib. 30 (1949): 133160.124 , , , . C,

Stromateis 1.158.2 (SC 30); . 4.34.6, . . A. v H C. MSC 463 (P: C, 2001).

125 Rh,Agrapha2, 111112; 387; R, Sprche Jesu, 140; J, UnbekannteJesusworte3, 9495. T h h O h Chh Fh

q h agraphon , (S h hv h, h h h b ).

126 R, Ah, 138139.


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2142 riemer roukema

v Ch J,B -h.127 Rh h

h J, R J hagrapha h b h.128 Nx, C q h L, L h v, h - ; h h h h bb, h ,129 hh b b 1 Ch 7:27 7:3236. Rh h h Gospel o the Egyptians; R hz h b h.130 I h h h v (M 10:1731) C q h L, F I

v , b h .131T h J b h h v h . Hv, R - bC.132 I h Excerpts rom Teodotus h q hSv h h V, Sv .133 R h J, b J b h.134 A h agrapha C h b J, x b h h b q.

127 . C, Stromateis 1.177.2 (SC 30).128 Rh, Agrapha2, 112128, 386; R, Sprche Jesu, 141143, 160; J,

Unbekannte Jesusworte3, 9598. R, Ah, 146148, h h h h C h J b xv 1 T 5:21. S J. S. V, D Ah S

Gh b O, Sayings o Jesus: Canonical and Non-Canonical. Essaysin Honour o jitze Baarda, . W. L. P, J. S. V, H. J. J, N S 89(L: B, 1997), 277302.

129 , . C, Stromateis 3.97.4 (GCS 52 [15]);. O Ch,Alexandrian Christianity, 86, h GCS 52h h L.

130 Rh,Agrapha2, 182183; R, Sprche Jesu, 107108; R, Ah, 136138, h h C h L .

131 , . C, TeRich Mans Salvation 33.1 (LCL 92).

132 R, Ah, 140141. Nh Rh R h

agraphon.133 . C, Excerpts rom Teodotus 2.2 (SC 23).134 R, Sprche Jesu, 122; J, Unbekannte Jesusworte3, 7577. Rh

h .


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Mv, agrapha h h h , hh h-

b h.135

6. Records o a Secret Oral radition that Jesus ransmitted to aSmall Number o his Disciples

I h h P h - J h . H h G h, hh

b b, b h b h Ch Ch G h b, hh h P .136 O h . F x, I h h G v; h h hV h , b hh h - h h S.137 O h h h h h h h h b , b b h viva vox, hh h q 1 Ch

2:6 (Y h , hh h ).138

I h h h h G ,b h h h C Ax h Ch h bh () ().139 L h h G h

135 F h P-C L. L. K, Te Sayings o Jesus in the

Pseudo-Clementine Homilies, SBL DS 14 (M, M: SBL / Sh P, 1975);J. v A, Het Evangelie van Tomas en de Pseudo-Clementinen. Een studievan de woorden van Jezus in het Evangelie van Tomas en hun parallellen in de evan-

geliecitaten in de Pseudo-Clementijnse Homiliae en Recognitiones (D, Uh,1984).

136 A , J h h ; B. Gh, Memory and Manuscript. Oral radition and Written ransmissionin Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity, 2 . (L: C. W. K. G Ch: E M, 1964), 71189; M. S. Jf, orah in the Mouth.Writing and Oral radition in Palestinian Judaism, 200 BCE400 CE (Ox: OxUv P, 2001). F h R. R,Jesus, Gnosis and Dogma(L/N Y: & C, 2010), 132144.

137

E.., I,Against Heresies 1.3.1; 1.8.1 (); 1.8.5;1.11.1; 1.21.1; 1.24.6; 1.25.5; 1.30.14 (SC 264).138 I,Against Heresies 3.2.1 (SC 211).139 C, Stromateis 1.7.1; . 1.4.1; 1.5.1 (SC 30).


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h Ch h h h h b b .140 O h h h L

hgnosis J h J, Jh, P aer his resurrection, h h bq h h , h h v.141 Hv, C J h G h h , h h b . I , C hh h h h h h P, J, Jh, P.142 I h hh h Stromateis.

J D h h C gnosis h v , h h , hb h hh h . D hh h h Jh Ch h.143 Sv L h h P C , h .144 T h hh h b h h J. I 1954, R. P. C. H C h.145 M B, hv, h h h, h , J v h (M 4:1112), h h h b C. Fh, h I Ah

140 C, Stromateis 6.61.13, . . P. Dx, SC 446 (P: C,

1999); . 1.15.2 (SC 30); 4.3.2 (SC 463); 7.55.6, . . A. L B, SC 428(P: C, 1997). I h b h h CG, Cgnostic . F h v--vh h h , , .., h Instructor1.52.2, . H. M. M M. H, SC 70 (P: C, 1960), 168169; Stromateis 3.30.1 (GCS 52 [15]).

141 C, Hypotyposeis 7 (GCS 172), hh b Eb, ChurchHistory 2.1.4 (LCL 153).

142 C, Stromateis 1.11.13 (SC 30).143 J. D, Message vanglique et culture hellnistique aux IIe et IIIe sicles,

B HD 2 (P: D, 1961), 409425; , Tologie du judo-christianisme,B HD 1 (P: D, 1958), 5964.

144 S. L, Clement o Alexandria. A Study o Christian Platonism and Gnosticism

(Ox: Ox Uv P, 1971). S G. G. S, Hidden Wisdom.Esoteric raditions and the Roots o Christian Mysticism, SHR 70 (L: B, 1996),2745, 109131.

145 R. P. C. H, Origens Doctrine o radition (L: SPCK, 1954), 6771.


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I h b h h hv , h h h .146

I h b h h J, h b h h J h h hv, b .147W h h b b v h hv (M 1:10), h h v S hv (L 10:18).148 T h h J v hv h, h h G Jh.149 I h J v, x a priori h b h

h x h h b h h, h b h - . Y b h C h h Stromateis hh J. A , h C q hJh h hh J hv b.

7. Extracanonical raditions about the Risen Jesus

O , b h J b h,b b h h. Y h v h h J h q .

I h J h b h, I h h J h h hP , Rh , h h I b

146 M. B, Te Revelation o Jesus Christ(L/N Y: & C, 2000),14; , Te Great High Priest. Te emple Roots o Christian Liturgy (L/NY: & C, 2003), 114;h I, rallians 5, . . Eh,

Apostolic Fathers,v. I, LCL 24, I, Demonstration o the Gospel3; 910,. A. R, SC 406 (P: C, 1995).

147 E.., M 1:13; 8:38; 12:25; 13:27; 13:32; Mh 19:28; 26:53; L 12:89.148 S U. B. M, V Bh. E z hh S

V J, ZTK74 (1977): 416448; S. V, Ih h S

Bz v H (L 10,18), ZNW79 (1988): 187203; J. M,J B V, NS 41 (1995): 512521; M. B, Te Risen Lord. TeJesus o History as the Christ o Faith, SJ CI (Ebh: & C, 1996), 2741.

149 E.., Jh 3:1213; 3:31; 6:38; 6:51; 8:23.


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. I h h h h J hh h h.150

C Ax q h Preaching o Peter J h hh h -. I , I I, h, , b bv G, h h b v h. A v, h h , h , W hv h.151 Ah h Preaching o Peter q bC x J h h v h h h h, h h G h v

h v b h Ch.152

8. Conclusions

A h h h, h hv bh J h h v , Rh v. T b J

h, h, h b h.153

150 T , , , . I, Smyrneans 3:13, . . Eh, Apostolic Fathers, v. I,LCL 24, 298299 (h ); . L 24:3943. P h q b O, De Principiis 1 . 8, . H. G, H. K, OrigenesVier Bcher von den Prinzipien, zF 24 (D: Whh Bhh,1976), 9495 (non sum daemonium incorporeum), h b h DoctrinaPetri. Eb, Church History 3.36.11 (LCL 153), hv, h h h h q. J, De Viris Illustribus 16.34, . .

A. C-G, BP 12 (F: N, 1988), 106107, 264, b hGospel o the Hebrews.151

, . . . C, Stromateis 6.43.3 (SC 446). T h h h v b h h b A, h b h h , x hh hv b v b Eb, Church History 5.18.14 (LCL 153), h Acts o Peter 5, . R. A. L, Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha, v. I(Lz, 1891, D: Whh Bhh, 1959), 49.

152 C, Stromateis 6.48.12 (SC 446).153 C R, Corinthians 13:2: Sh , h b h ;

v, h b v . A , b ; v, b v ; , b ; h , b h ; h b h v; C Ax, Stromateis 1.158.2: S h , h


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Ub h h h h h, x h B -h, h b

J h h . Fh, hh h h h h J bh P b b J b h, h b bh h b .

T h Jh P. M v h h b x h agrapha ( [ ]), h J D. G. D , h T [.., hagrapha, ; RR] h h v , h b J

h b h h S .154

h b ; Stromateis 1.177.2: B -h; Excerptsrom Teodotus 2.2: Sv .154 M, A Marginal Jew, 1:112141, 114; J. D. G. D, Jesus Remembered,

Ch h M 1 (G R, MI: E, 2003), 172.


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