USAPHR-NORTH VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES DETECTION PROGRAM 2007-2010: WHAT WE DID FOR CONTINGENCY DIAGNOSTICS. Jessica Turner, USAPH Region North, LT Kirk Mundal USN, LCDR Craig Stoops USN, Melissa Miller USAPH Region-North,
Dec 25, 2015
USAPHR-NORTH VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES DETECTION PROGRAM 2007-2010: WHAT WE
DID FOR CONTINGENCY DIAGNOSTICS.
Jessica Turner, USAPH Region North,
LT Kirk Mundal USN, LCDR Craig Stoops USN,
Melissa Miller USAPH Region-North,
VECTOR-BORNE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE KIT
Kit based presentationDetailed instructionsCollection materialsPre-printed return envelope
PHR-NPHR-N
PHR-N
PHR-N
UPON RECEIPT BY USAPHR-North Blood prepared and tested for appropriate
organismbased on animal species
○ PCR
Ticks, fleas, etc.IdentifiedPrepared and tested for appropriate organism
○ PCR
Test results provided to submitter and other appropriate recipients.
ANIMALS SAMPLED 2007-2009
Bagram, AF Kandahar, AF Ramadi, IQ Bagdad, IQ
Dogs 38 24 6 1
Cats 62 191 7 2
Foxes 0 1 10 1
Jackals 5 25 6 1
Coyotes 13 0 0 0
Jungle Cats 0 1 1 3
Hedgehogs 0 2 0 1
Mouse 0 1 0 0
Cow 1 0 0 0
Sheep 1 0 0 0
Goats 3 0 0 0
TOTAL 123 244 30 9
Ectoparasites Identified 2007-2009
Kandahar, AF Bagram, AF Ramadi, IQ Bagdad, IQ
Xenopsylla astia 3 6 0 0
Ctenocephalides canis
6 9 0 9
Ctenocephalides felis
3 0 0 0
Pulex irritans 5 25 7 0
Synosternus pallidus
0 0 3 0
Rhipicephalus turanicus
37 32 144 30
R. sanguineus 0 0 40 0
Hyalomma anatolicum
0 27 0 0
Ixodes rubicundus 0 0 6 0
Analysis PerformedPathogen Test Type
Anaplasma Real-time PCR
Babesia Conventional PCR
Borrelia Real-time PCR
Ehrlichia Real-time PCR
Rickettsia Real-time PCR
Results of AnalysisKandahar, AF Bagram, AF
Babesia# POSITIVE/# tested % POSITIVE
CAT
R. turanicus 3 /19 16% 3 /6 50%
Whole Blood 13 /187 7% 3 /60 5%
JACKAL
R. turanicus 1/12 8% 0/4
Whole Blood 3/25 12% 0/5
DOG
R. turanicus none 1/14 7%
Whole Blood 2/24 8% 0/16
Results of Analysis cont.Kandahar, AF Bagram, AF
Babesia# POSITIVE/# tested %POSITIVE
HEDGEHOG
R. turanicus 2/10 20% none
C. canis 1/1 100% none
Whole Blood none none
Results of Analysis cont.Ramadi, IQ Baghdad, IQ
Babesia# POSITIVE/# tested % POSITIVE
CAT
R. turanicus 1/26 4% 0/3
JACKAL
R. turanicus 1/12 8% 2/8 25%
CONCLUSIONS
Babesia species circulating in the animal and ectoparasite populations
Vector-borne diseases information can be gained with this type of surveillance
FUTURE
Conclude analysis of 2009 Iraq samples Receive samples from Iraq and
Afghanistan in 2010Several cooperators have requested supplies
Refine capability to employ serological analysis on blood samples
Update analysis platform to allow concise results for multiple pathogens in one test run
FUTURE cont.
Apply epidemiological information to the data
Receive samples from livestockCan analyze for other potential pathogens of
importance