Jeopardy Jeopardy Biology 12: Biology 12: Urinary System Urinary System
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Mar 16, 2016
Jeopardy. Biology 12: Urinary System. THE KID KNEE! 100. Urine collects here in the kidney Renal pelvis Board. THE KID KNEE! 200. This artery carries blood to the kidney The renal artery Board. THE KID KNEE! 400. These carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder Ureters Board. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Jeopardy Jeopardy Biology 12:Biology 12:
Urinary SystemUrinary System
The Kid The Kid KneeKnee
Ephron’s Ephron’s NephronNephron
Making Making UrineUrine
Making Making More More UrineUrine
YES! YES! More More
Water!Water!
I Gotta I Gotta Go!Go!
NOW!!NOW!!
100 100 100 100 100 100
200 200 200 200 200 200
400 400 400 400 400 400
600 600 600 600 600 600
800 800 800 800 800 800
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
THE KID KNEE! 100THE KID KNEE! 100
Urine collects here in the kidneyUrine collects here in the kidney
Renal pelvisRenal pelvis
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THE KID KNEE! 200THE KID KNEE! 200
This artery carries blood to the kidneyThis artery carries blood to the kidney
The renal arteryThe renal artery
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THE KID KNEE! 400THE KID KNEE! 400
These carry urine from the kidney These carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladderto the urinary bladder
UretersUreters
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THE KID KNEE! 600THE KID KNEE! 600
This process carries urine down the This process carries urine down the ureterureter
PeristalsisPeristalsis Board
THE KID KNEE! 800THE KID KNEE! 800
These are located in the urinary bladder These are located in the urinary bladder and trigger urinationand trigger urination
Stretch receptorsStretch receptors
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THE KID KNEE! 1000THE KID KNEE! 1000
Trace a urea molecule and a glucose Trace a urea molecule and a glucose molecule from the renal artery to the molecule from the renal artery to the urethra/renal veinurethra/renal vein
UREA: UREA: Renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus, Renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus, Bowmen’s capsule, PCT, LOH, DCT, collecting duct, Bowmen’s capsule, PCT, LOH, DCT, collecting duct, ureter, urinary bladder, urethraureter, urinary bladder, urethra
GLUCOSE: GLUCOSE: renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus, renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus, Bowmen’s capsule, PCT, efferent arteriole, renal veinBowmen’s capsule, PCT, efferent arteriole, renal vein
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EPHRON’S NEPHRON! EPHRON’S NEPHRON! 100100This is a delicate ball of capillaries This is a delicate ball of capillaries
GlomerulusGlomerulus
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EPHRON’S NEPHRON! EPHRON’S NEPHRON! 200200This structure starts in the renal This structure starts in the renal
cortex, goes into the renal medulla cortex, goes into the renal medulla but goes back to the renal cortexbut goes back to the renal cortex
Loop of HenleLoop of Henle Board
EPHRON’S NEPHRON! EPHRON’S NEPHRON! 400400This the network of capillaries that are This the network of capillaries that are
branched from the efferent arteriolebranched from the efferent arteriole
Peritubular capillariesPeritubular capillaries
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EPHRON’S NEPHRON! EPHRON’S NEPHRON! 600600These 3 structures are only found These 3 structures are only found
in the renal cortexin the renal cortex
Bowmen’s capsule, PCT and DCTBowmen’s capsule, PCT and DCT
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EPHRON’S NEPHRON! EPHRON’S NEPHRON! 800800Many nephrons join to form one of Many nephrons join to form one of
thesethese
Collecting ductCollecting duct
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EPHRON’S NEPHRON! EPHRON’S NEPHRON! 10001000These parts of a nephron are thicker due to These parts of a nephron are thicker due to
the abundance of transport proteins in the abundance of transport proteins in the lining of the tubulesthe lining of the tubules
PCT, DCT and last portion of the PCT, DCT and last portion of the ascending LOHascending LOH
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MAKING URINE! 100MAKING URINE! 100
Pressure filtration occurs between Pressure filtration occurs between these two structuresthese two structures
Glomerulus and Bowmen’s capsuleGlomerulus and Bowmen’s capsule
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MAKING URINE! MAKING URINE! 200 200
These _________ molecules make up These _________ molecules make up the ________ inside the nephronthe ________ inside the nephron
Small, filtrateSmall, filtrate
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MAKING URINE! 400MAKING URINE! 400
This molecule is required during the This molecule is required during the process of selective re-absorption, process of selective re-absorption, without it, re-absorption would not without it, re-absorption would not happenhappen
ATPATP
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MAKING URINE! 600MAKING URINE! 600
These are an example of molecules that These are an example of molecules that are reabsorbed that do not require ATPare reabsorbed that do not require ATP
Water, ClWater, Cl-- (they follow the Na (they follow the Na++ as its as its being pumped out of the PCT)being pumped out of the PCT)
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MAKING URINE! 800MAKING URINE! 800
Water passes through the ________ Water passes through the ________ portion of the LOH by ___________.portion of the LOH by ___________.
Descending, osmosisDescending, osmosis
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MAKING URINE! 1000MAKING URINE! 1000
The filtrate in the descending LOH The filtrate in the descending LOH becomes “salty” for these reasonsbecomes “salty” for these reasons
- loss of water (osmosis) due to going - loss of water (osmosis) due to going into an hypertonic environment (the into an hypertonic environment (the renal medulla)renal medulla)
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MAKING MAKING MOREMORE URINE! URINE! 100100
The descending LOH is permeable to The descending LOH is permeable to ____ and the ascending LOH is ____ and the ascending LOH is permeable to ____permeable to ____
Water, NaWater, Na++
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MAKING MAKING MOREMORE URINE! 200 URINE! 200
This molecule is necessary for This molecule is necessary for tubular secretion to occurtubular secretion to occur
ATPATP
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MAKING MAKING MOREMORE URINE! URINE! 400400Blood pH adjustments occur Blood pH adjustments occur
DCTDCT
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MAKING MAKING MOREMORE URINE! URINE! 600600If blood has a low pH what will happen If blood has a low pH what will happen
to Hto H++ and HCO and HCO33-- re-absorption into the re-absorption into the
blood?blood?
HCOHCO33- - absorption will go up and H absorption will go up and H++
will go downwill go down
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MAKING MAKING MOREMORE URINE! URINE! 800800The ascending LOH moves NaThe ascending LOH moves Na++ out of out of
the filtrate by _______ and _______the filtrate by _______ and _______
Diffusion, active transportDiffusion, active transport
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MAKING MAKING MOREMORE URINE! URINE! 10001000Its necessary to use active transport to Its necessary to use active transport to
pump Napump Na++ out of the filtrate in the out of the filtrate in the ascending LOH for this reason.ascending LOH for this reason.
The Na+ concentration in the filtrate is The Na+ concentration in the filtrate is greater (compared to the Na+ concentration greater (compared to the Na+ concentration in the blood) at the bottom of the LOH, but in the blood) at the bottom of the LOH, but lessens as it ascends the LOH. So Na+ lessens as it ascends the LOH. So Na+ requires pumps to move out of the filtrate as requires pumps to move out of the filtrate as the gradient itself no longer enough the gradient itself no longer enough
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YES! MORE WATER! YES! MORE WATER! 100100
Water re-absorption occurs the most in Water re-absorption occurs the most in this portion of the kidneythis portion of the kidney
Renal medullaRenal medulla
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YES! MORE WATER! YES! MORE WATER! 200200
In these portions of the nephron water is In these portions of the nephron water is re-absorbed re-absorbed
Collecting duct, descending LOH and PCTCollecting duct, descending LOH and PCT
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YES! MORE WATER! YES! MORE WATER! 400400
ADH secretion from the ________, which is ADH secretion from the ________, which is triggered by _________, and acts on the _______triggered by _________, and acts on the _______
Posterior pituitary, lower blood volume, Posterior pituitary, lower blood volume, collecting ductcollecting duct
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YES! MORE WATER! YES! MORE WATER! 600600
Higher levels of ADH do this to the volume Higher levels of ADH do this to the volume of urineof urine
Decrease itDecrease it
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YES! MORE WATER! YES! MORE WATER! 800800
Alcohol does this to ADH secretion and as Alcohol does this to ADH secretion and as a result does this to urine volumea result does this to urine volume
Inhibits, increasesInhibits, increases
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YES! MORE WATER! YES! MORE WATER! 10001000
If blood pressure drops due to low Na+ If blood pressure drops due to low Na+ levels this happenslevels this happens
Aldosterone is released from the adrenal Aldosterone is released from the adrenal cortex cortex causes an increase in Na causes an increase in Na++ re- re-absorption (and Kabsorption (and K + + excretion) in the DCT excretion) in the DCT causes more water re-absorption in the causes more water re-absorption in the collecting duct collecting duct less urine and increased less urine and increased blood pressure blood pressure aldosterone release stops aldosterone release stops
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I GOTTA GO! NOW!!I GOTTA GO! NOW!! 100100
Sodium retention occurs here in the Sodium retention occurs here in the nephronnephron
Ascending LOHAscending LOH
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I GOTTA GO! NOW!! I GOTTA GO! NOW!! 200200
Coffee is a diuretic because is does thisCoffee is a diuretic because is does this
Increases blood volume by causing Increases blood volume by causing water retention which increases water retention which increases pressure filtration pressure filtration more urine more urine
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I GOTTA GO! NOW!! I GOTTA GO! NOW!! 400400
Finding glucose in the urine indicates Finding glucose in the urine indicates thisthis
Possible diabetes; greater urine flows Possible diabetes; greater urine flows as less water is re-absorbedas less water is re-absorbed
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I GOTTA GO! NOW!! 600I GOTTA GO! NOW!! 600
This molecule is maximally filtered and This molecule is maximally filtered and reabsorbedreabsorbed
GlucoseGlucose
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I GOTTA GO! NOW!! I GOTTA GO! NOW!! 800800
Urea is made by the ______ but excreted Urea is made by the ______ but excreted by the ______by the ______
Liver, kidneyLiver, kidney
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I GOTTA GO! NOW!! I GOTTA GO! NOW!! 10001000
How does the hypothalamus function in How does the hypothalamus function in urine formationurine formation
Low levels of blood volume Low levels of blood volume cause the cause the hypothalamus to secrete ADH hypothalamus to secrete ADH causes the causes the posterior pituitary to release ADH into the blood posterior pituitary to release ADH into the blood causes collecting duct to increase water re- causes collecting duct to increase water re-absorption absorption increases blood volume so increases blood volume so hypothalamus stops ADH production (NEGATIVE hypothalamus stops ADH production (NEGATIVE FEEDBACK)FEEDBACK)
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