Green Transformer for Data Centre Jeff Ong, Data Center Solutions Day, 5 July 2013 Absolutely!
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Green Transformer for Data CentreJeff Ong, Data Center Solutions Day, 5 July 2013
Absolutely!
Power Network OverviewTransformer in every data center? YES!!!
Transformers
Base materials
Environment
Encouragement(CustomerBenefits)
ABB ApproachCreating right recipe for green transformer
Dielectric insulating fluidsHistory
In 1890, five yearsafter the invention oftransformers, BrownBoveri & Cie wasthe first one to usemineral-based oil asa transformerinsulating andcooling media
Mineral-based dielectric insulating fluids havebeen in use in transformers since the late1800’s
Today’s escalation in power demand pushesan often aging network to its limit
In that situation, mineral-based dielectricinsulating fluids have shown costly limitations
Two Major Issues
Environmental unfriendliness
Combustibility
Dielectric insulating fluidsAlternative fluids overview
Several past alternatives
Askarel oils (PCBs) – Fire resistant but toxic
Silicone oils and high temperature hydrocarbons(HTHs) – Fire resistant but low biodegradability
• Ester-based fluids - New alternative combining high biodegradability with excellent fire safetyproperties
• Esters are a broad class of organic compounds from organic precursors (synthetic esters)or available from agricultural products (natural esters), as BIOTEMP ©
• While synthetic esters high cost currently limits their use to specialty applications, naturalesters have lately matured into suitable and affordable dielectric insulating fluids
BIOTEMP was putin the firsttransformer unitsusing a naturalester-based fluidinto the field in 1999
Natural ester-based dielectric insulating fluidsToday’s market trend
Natural esters are now recognized asenvironmentally friendly and “less flammable”dielectric insulating fluids by the industry
Classified non hazardous to water (NWG) bythe German Federal Environment Agency(Umweltbundesamt)
Verified by the US Environmental ProtectionAgency (EPA)
Meet the US National Electrical Code
Listed by Factory Mutual (FM Global) andUnderwriters Laboratories (UL)
Specified by Industry Standards ASTM D6871and IEEE C57.147 published since 2003 and2008 respectively
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionPreserving the environment
BIOTEMP is a natural ester-based dielectricinsulating fluid made out of sunflower seeds
Readily biodegradable, non toxic¹
Much larger oil volume allowed beforecontainment is required
Spills can be disposed through normalmeans³
Potential for relief from environmentalregulatory penalties
Minimized air pollution
Near neutral carbon footprint due to thenegative carbon footprint of a vegetable-based oil production
¹ Verified by the USEnvironmentalProtection Agencyand classified nonhazardous to waterby the GermanFederalEnvironmentAgency
² According to FMGlobal property losspreventiondatasheet fortransformers
³ Applicable locallaws andregulations willdetermine what isexactly required
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionBiodegradability
Listed as biodegradable and non-toxic dielectric insulating fluid by the US FederalEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA)
BIOTEMP® – ABB sensible solutionSGBC product certification
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionPreserving life and property
BIOTEMP has a flash and fire point of 340°Cand 360°C, respectively (vs. 160°C and180°C typically for mineral oil)Listed as a “less flammable” dielectric fluidby FM Global and Underwriters LaboratoriesTested in strict accordance with IEC standard61100 and meet the K2 classification
Eliminate active fire suppression and barrier walls
Meet fire safety requirements for indoor applications and outdoor areas of highsafety sensitivity without additional safety equipment
Reduce risk of transformer explosion and fire. hence mitigating collateraldamage and potentially lowering insurance premiums
¹ According to FMGlobal property losspreventiondatasheet fortransformers
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionPreserving life and property
Mineral oil
BIOTEMP
Note – Picturesshown here are notdirectly taken fromthe heat release testderived from ASTME1354, but are forillustration purposesonly
(derived from ASTM E1354)
Mineral oil BIOTEMP
Time to ignition (s) 57 723
Time to flameout (s) 1160 731
Smoke production rate (m2/s) 0.0495 0.0014
¹ The time to ignition,obtained from acone calorimetertest, is a strongindicator of amaterial’s fireresistance. Thelonger it takes for asample to ignite themore resistant thematerial is toburning
Time to ignition for BIOTEMP:- about 12 times longer than that of mineral
oil
Smoke production from BIOTEMP:-31 times less than that of the mineral oil
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionPreserving life and property
High energy arc fault test with mineral oil8000 A for up to 3 cycles (~106 Joule)Tank cover blew off with huge fire ball
High energy arc fault test with BIOTEMP8000 A for up to 3 cycles (~106 Joule)Tank cover vented only
Mineral oil
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionLess Flammable Fluids
BIOTEMP >340 >360 K2
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionEnhancing performance
BIOTEMP has a much higher water saturation limit than mineral oil at alltemperatures
BIOTEMP has a much greater affinity for water than mineral oil
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionEnhancing performance
The effect of moisture on the dielectric breakdown strength ofBIOTEMP is much less pronounced than for mineral oil
The allowable limit of moisture in BIOTEMP can be muchhigher than that allowed for mineral oil
¹ The acceptable limitaccording to ASTMD6871 is 30 kV min
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionEnhancing performance
• BIOTEMP-impregnated paper experiences much lower aging ratecompared to mineral oil-impregnated paper, increasing by a factor of 2 theinsulation system life
• BIOTEMP®-impregnated paper can alternatively operate at 8-10°C higherhotspot temperatures and attain the same life expectancy as mineral oil-impregnated paper
BIOTEMP™ – ABB sensible solutionPaper condition after aging
Accelerated Aging Test@ 150ºC
BIOTEMP® – ABB sensible solutionA proven solution
Over 3,500 transformers (up to 56 MVA and 145 kV) sold or retrofilled withBIOTEMP since 1999
AustraliaBrazilCanadaChinaColombiaCosta RicaEcuadorEgyptFranceHungaryItalyJapanMongoliaNorwaySingaporeSpainSwedenTaiwanUnited StatesVietnam
BIOTEMP® – ABB sensible solutionReference list
Name of Project Qty & Rating
Woodland Data Centre 16 x 2,500kVA
Mediapolis2 x 500kVA1 x 1,000kVA2 x 2,500kVA
One North @ North Bouna Vista Dr 4 x 2,500kVA4 x 3,000kVA
Capitol Development Project4 x 1,500kVA3 x 2,000kVA2 x 2,500kVA
A&A works & New Blks of 5 Sty Teaching Facilities Bldg@ Temasek Poly
2 x 1,000kVA2 x 2,000kVA
Extension to TaTa Bldg @ Tai Seng Dr 2 x 3,000kVA2 x 4,000kVA
BIOTEMP® – ABB sensible solutionReference list
Name of Project Qty & Rating
Red Dot @ Rolls Royce 4 x 1,500kVA4 x 2,000kVA
Farrer Mediplex Hospital Development @Farrer Park Station 8 x 2,500kVA
Cleantech One @ Nanyang Ave 6 x 2,000kVA
Replacement of Transformers @ PLAB 2 x 1,500kVA
New Substation 8 @ Ext'g S'pore Expo 2 x 1,500kVA
27 Sty Carlton Hotel @ Tanjong Pagar 2 x 3,000kVA
BIOTEMP® – ABB sensible solutionCustomer benefits
Environmental – BIOTEMP® is 99% biodegradableHow much a major mineral oil spill clean up would cost you?How much would it cost you in revenue lost per day if you are not allowed tooperate one of your substations for environmental reasons?
Safety – BIOTEMP® has a 360°C fire pointHow much would you save in maintenance and rehabilitation costs if you didnot need a deluge system and/or fire barriers?How much would you lower your insurance premium by reducing the risk ofexplosion and fire?
Overload capacity – BIOTEMP® allows higher hotspotWhat would be the value to you of a 10% inherent increase in capacity oftransformer loading?What would happen to your capital budget if you gained 70% longer timesfor planned loading beyond nameplate?
BIOTEMP® – ABB sensible solutionEcological benefits
Renewable sources:BIOTEMP® is completely derived from vegetable seed oil and is100% renewable
Non genetically modified organism:BIOTEMP® is made out of 100% natural High Oleic Sunflowergrowing mainly in Europe and in North America
Biodegradability:BIOTEMP® is 99% biodegradable
Non-toxic waste:BIOTEMP® is non-toxic so spills can often be disposed throughnormal means and not treated as hazardous waste
Low carbon-footprint:Near neutral carbon footprint due to the negative carbonfootprint of a vegetable-based oil production
BIOTEMP® – ABB sensible solutionEconomical benefits
Reduced or delayed investments:Cellulose insulation lasts approximately two times as long in BIOTEMP® thanin mineral oil.
Reduced maintenance costs:Because of the “less-flammable” designation of BIOTEMP®, certaininstallations do not require fire-suppression systems or fire barriers. Thisprovides savings in installation and maintenance of such systems
Higher revenues (Overloadability – operational flexibility):Ability to overload BIOTEMP®-filled transformers could mean higherrevenues during peak demand periods without sacrificing transformer life
Reduced risk of environmental fines:Applicable laws and regulations will determine how fines are imposed.However, with 99% biodegradability and non-toxicity, BIOTEMP®
spills can often be disposed through normal means.
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