Jaringan dasar (basic tissue)

Jaringan Dasar(Basic Tissue)

Dr. I Wayan Sugiritama,M.Kes

[email protected]://sugiritama.blogspot.com

Cell-Tissue-Organs

• A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells from the same origin that together carry out a specific function.

• Organs are then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues.

Four Basic Tissue

• Human tissues can be grouped into four basic types: – connective, – muscle, – nervous, – and epithelial.

• Multiple tissue types compose organs and body structures.

Human Body Tissue

Four Types of Tissue

Connective tissue

• Connective tissues are fibrous tissues. • They are made up of cells separated by non-

living material, which is called an extracellular matrix.

• As the name implies, these support and bind other tissues.

• Unlike epithelial tissue, connective tissue typically has cells scattered throughout an extracellular matrix.

Structure of Connective Tissue

Types of Connective Tissue

Muscle tissue

• Muscle cells form the active contractile tissue of the body known as muscle tissue .

• Muscle tissue functions to produce force and cause motion, either locomotion or movement within internal organs.

• Muscle tissue is separated into three distinct categories: – smooth muscle, which is found in the inner organ; – skeletal muscle, which is found attached to bone providing for

gross movement; – and cardiac muscle which is found in the heart, allowing it to

contract and pump blood throughout an organism.

Types of Muscle Tissue

Smooth Muscle

Skeletal Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Nervous System

• Nervous tissue composed by two component : Central Nervous System (the brain and spinal cord) , and Peripheral Nervous System ( the branching peripheral nerves), which regulates and controls bodily functions and activity.

Nervous System

Cells of Nervous Tissue

• It is composed of neurons (nerve cells), which receive and transmit impulses, and neuroglia, which support the neuron.

• Nervous tissue is made up of different types of nerve cells, all of which having an axon, dendrite and cell body

Cells of Nervous Tissue

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Epithelial Tissue

• Epithelial tissues line the cavities and surfaces of structures throughout the body. Many glands are made up of epithelial cells.

• Epithelial layers contain no blood vessels, so they must receive nourishment via diffusion of substances from the underlying connective tissue, through the basement membrane

• Functions of epithelial cells include secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport and detection of sensation.

Types of epithelial tissues

• In general, tissues are classified by the morphology of their cells, and the number of layers they are composed of.

• Epithelial tissue that is only one cell thick is known as simple epithelium. If it is two or more cells thick, it is known as stratified epithelium. However, when taller simple epithelial cells are viewed in cross section with several nuclei appearing at different heights, they can be confused with stratified epithelia. This kind of epithelium is therefore described as "pseudostratified" epithelium.

Types of Epithelial Tissue

• There are three principal morphologies associated with epithelial cells:– Squamous epithelium has cells that are wider than they

are tall (flat and scale-like).– Cuboidal epithelium has cells whose height and width

are approximately the same (cube shaped).– Columnar epithelium has cells taller than they are wide

(column-shaped). In addition, the morphology of the cells in transitional epithelium may vary from squamous to cuboidal, depending on the amount of tension on the epithelium.