Japan_T Hattori

Lessons learned from Fukushima Accidentand Efforts of the Rebirth of Japan

--- industry’s perspective ---

Nuclear Operating Organizations Cooperation Forum

Vienna, September 18, 2012 Takuya HATTORI

JAIF

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Investigation Reports about Fukushima Accident

The Gov. of Japan (Jul.2012)The National Diet of Japan (Jul.2012)Rebuild. JN. Initiative Found. (Feb.2012)TEPCO (Jun.2012)

Gov. Report to IAEA (Jun./Sep.2011)NISA Report (Feb.2012)USNRC (Jul.2011)JANTI (Oct.2011)INPO (Nov.2011, Aug.2012)ASME (Jun.2012)

AESJ (2013)

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Investigation Committee, established by the Government of Japan

chaired by Dr. Hatamura

Recommendations of the Final Report (July 2012) Basic stance for safety measures and disaster preparednessSafety measures regarding nuclear power generationNuclear disaster response systemsDamage prevention and mitigationHarmonization with international practicesReview relevant organizations (nuclear safety regulatory bodies)Continued investigation of accident causes and damage

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Independent Investigation Commission, established by the National Diet of Japan

chaired by Dr. KurokawaRecommendations of the Official Report (July 2012)

Monitoring of the nuclear regulatory body by the National DietReform the crisis management systemGovernment responsibility for public health andwelfareMonitoring the operatorsCriteria for the new regulatory bodyReforming laws related to nuclear energyDevelop a system of independent investigation commissions

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Cause of the accident--- my personal view ---

“The cause of the accident is not inevitable results of Nuclear Power technology itself, but inevitable results of management system.”

Institutional defect / Lack of imaginationinsufficient robustness and preparations ;

- design height of tsunami- prolonged SBO- loss of UHS- SA in multi-units - emergency preparedness etc.

It is a matter of Safety Culture--- “questioning attitude”

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Lessons learned--- my personal view ---

Robustness of designEmergency preparednessManagement systemInformation releaseSafety culture

“Recurrence of such severe situation could be prevented when it is well prepared in advance reflecting lessons learned”

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Efforts for the Rebirth of Japan (1)Ensure the Nuclear Safety

2011 - Emergency safety measures- Severe accident measures- Shutdown of Hamaoka NPPs by Gov. request- Comprehensive safety assessments (Stress

Tests)- Resumption of seismic back check

2012 - Direction of countermeasures (30 items to be

reflected in future regulatory activities)- Decision of restarting of NPPs (new standards)

Source: Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan

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Reform of Nuclear Regulatory OrganizationsEstablishment of new-regulatory bodies ;

“Nuclear Regulation Authority” (as an independent commission ) andsupporting agency “Nuclear Regulation Agency” (as the TSO)

- Integration of nuclear regulation functions (nuclear safety, security, safeguards, radiation monitoring and

radioisotopes regulation)- Review and reinforcement of nuclear safety regulations- Separate nuclear regulation function and nuclear promotion function

Efforts for the Rebirth of Japan (2)

Nuclear Regulation

Agency (TSO)

Source: Cabinet Secretariat, Government of Japan

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Independent efforts by NPP operatorsto further enhance nuclear safety, reaching the highest level of excellence :

- Establishment of a new organization with high technical expertise

- Continuous improvement of individual facilities and those operation

- Development of technical competency of NPP Personnel

- Establishment of nuclear emergency response organization in FY2015

Efforts for the Rebirth of Japan (3)

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Current Status of the Nuclear Power Plants in Japan (as of August 31, 2012)

×××

×× ××

××

×××

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▲ ▲▲ ▲

×▲

▲▲▲▲

▲▲

▲ ▲×× ×××

▲▲×

▲▲〇▲▲

◎◎▲▲

▲▲▲

Abolished

▲×

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Progress of Safety Assessments (Stress Tests)

× Results of Primary Assessment (Stress Tests) 

not yet submitted to NISA by Operators 

▲ Results of Primary Assessment 

under Review by NISA

〇 Review Completed by NISA

◎ Restart operation

: In operation(2 unit, 2.36GWe)

: Outage for the periodic inspection(35 units, 30.61GWe)

: Shutdown due to tsunami andand the government request

(13 units, 13.18 GWe)

TOTAL : 50 units, 46.15 GWe

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Efforts for the Rebirth of Japan (4)Efforts for the Rebirth of Japan (4)

Appx.48,000Rearrangement of the areas of evacuation（2012.3)

-- Annual integral dose

Area 1: < 20mSv/y

Area 2: > 20mSv/y

Area 3: > 50mSv/y where the cumulative dose is

expected to be > 20mSv/y within 5 years

Appx.58,000Restricted Area

Deliberate Evacuation Area

Evacuees (persons)

Evacuation Areas

August 2011 April 2012as of Aug.2012

EvacuationTransition of Evacuation areas

Area 1: Areas to which evacuation ordersare ready to be lifted

Area 2: Areas in which residents are notpermitted to live

Area 3: Areas where it is expected that residents will face difficultiesin returning for a long time

Source: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, etc

August 2012

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Decontamination(1)Efforts for the Rebirth of Japan (5)

Source: Ministry of the Environment

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Decontamination(2)Efforts for the Rebirth of Japan (6)

Source: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

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Mid-and-long-Term Roadmap towards the Decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Units 1-4, TEPCO

DecommissioningEfforts for the Rebirth of Japan (7)

Source: Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)

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Key Pillars towards Nuclear Future (1)

Recovery of Public Trust and Confidence- Openness & Transparency is the most crucial- Information release should be

accurate, candid, speedy, timely and understandable manner

- Communication on released information with the general public for mutual understanding and confidence building

- Establishment of independent regulatory body with high technical competency

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Key Pillars towards Nuclear Future (2)

Human Resource Development- Finding solution to various challenges in the process of restoration of Fukushima

- Decommissioning of damaged reactors safely

- Enhancing the safety of world nuclear power system based on the lessons learned from Fukushima accident

- Responding to high expectations for Japan’s nuclear technology from many countries even after the Fukushima Accident

- Sharing long term vision (international cooperation) :Development of advanced reactor with inherent safety

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Key Pillars towards Nuclear Future (3)

Cooperation with International Community“Without recovery of Fukushima, there is no future

for nuclear power in Japan”We have to overcome Fukushima accident by gathering all the possible wisdom and expertisefrom the world :- Sharing the lessons learned and enhance safety of world nuclear installations

- Focusing on reassurance of public confidence and trust- Improving literacy on radiation- Promoting R&D on decommissioning of Fukushima as an international project

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Key Pillars towards Nuclear Future (4)

Cooperation with IAEA, WANO, and INPO etc.

- Constantly keeping the national regulatory guides and qualities newest and harmonizing with international practices(the IAEA safety standards)

- Making the IAEA standards more effective and useful by providing Japan’s lessons learned on nuclear safety to prevent similar accidents never happening again

- Better use of efficient programs to drive continuous performance improvement

- Contribution to realizing high level safety based on world cutting-edge experience and expertise

Source: TEPCO

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Never, ever again anywhere in the world

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