Professor H. Harry L. Roque, Jr. Professor H. Harry L. Roque, Jr. Director, Institute of International Legal Studies, UP Law Center Director, Institute of International Legal Studies, UP Law Center Professor, Departent of International Law and Huan Rig!ts, P!ilippine Judicial Professor, Departent of International Law and Huan Rig!ts, P!ilippine Judicial "cadey "cadey #o$erning Council, "sian Society of International Law #o$erning Council, "sian Society of International Law
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Professor H. Harry L. Roque, Jr.Professor H. Harry L. Roque, Jr.
Director, Institute of International Legal Studies, UP Law CenterDirector, Institute of International Legal Studies, UP Law Center
Professor, Departent of International Law and Huan Rig!ts, P!ilippine JudicialProfessor, Departent of International Law and Huan Rig!ts, P!ilippine Judicial"cadey"cadey
#o$erning Council, "sian Society of International Law#o$erning Council, "sian Society of International Law
+n :ay '<, %&'%, )ot! t!e go$ernents of C!inaand t!e P!ilippines iposed 9s!ing )an in t!eScar)oroug! S!oal.
8y July %&'%, C!ina !ad erected a )arrier to t!eentrance of t!e s!oal, and t!at $essels )elongingto 8ei=ing>s C!ina :arine Sur$eillance and?is!eries Law 6nforceent Coand weredeployed in t!e disputed s!oal5
as of Septe)er %&'%, C!inese go$ernent s!ipsreain around t!e s!oal and !a$e )een turningaway ?ilipino $essels
?oreign :inistry spo0esan, ?e)ruary %&'%1A*eit!er C!ina nor any ot!er country lays claito t!e entire Sout! C!ina SeaB
Letter to U* Secretary4#eneral fro C!ina3s U*:ission, :ay %&&1AC!ina !as indisputa)le so$ereignty o$er t!eislands in t!e Sout! C!ina Sea and t!e ad=acentwaters, and en=oys so$ereign rig!ts and
=urisdiction o$er t!e rele$ant waters as well as t!esea)ed and su)soil t!ereof see attac!ed ap/B
AIt is t!e )asic principle of t!e international aritielaw t!at land doinates t!e sea. U*CL+S allowscoastal states to clai a %&&4nautical4ile 667, )utcoastal states !a$e no rig!t to !ar t!e in!erentterritory and so$ereignty of ot!er countriesB
A"ny attept to use U*CL+S to c!ange t!e territorialso$ereignty of a country is a $iolation of t!eprinciples of international law, including U*CL+SB
A2!e aritie =urisdiction of t!e P!ilippines s!ouldnot infringe upon t!e territorial so$ereignty of C!inao$er t!e Huangyan IslandB
Article 286 Article 286 Su)=ect to section (, any disputeSu)=ect to section (, any dispute
concerning t!econcerning t!e interpretation orinterpretation or
application of this Conventionapplication of this Convention s!all,s!all,w!ere no settleent !as )eenw!ere no settleent !as )eenreac!ed )y recourse to section ', )ereac!ed )y recourse to section ', )esu)itted at t!e request of anysu)itted at t!e request of anyparty to t!e dispute to t!e court orparty to t!e dispute to t!e court ortri)unal !a$ing =urisdiction undertri)unal !a$ing =urisdiction undert!is section.t!is section.
C!inese $iew Judge Eue Hanqin/1 C!ina3sdeclaration is an opt out of t!e disputesettleent procedure of U*CL+S. A2!e F&countries t!at rati9ed U*CL+S ' )ut
registered declarations are not deeed to!a$e wai$ed all t!eir !istorical clais toaritie territory
Issues addressed )y its ar)itrationIssues addressed )y its ar)itration
clais are issues of interpretationclais are issues of interpretation
and application1 i. $alidity of nine4and application1 i. $alidity of nine4das! lines, ii. low water ar0s asdas! lines, ii. low water ar0s aspart of continental s!elf , iii. naturepart of continental s!elf , iii. natureof waters around Panatag asof waters around Panatag as
Dispute is a)out conGicting clais to territoryand !ence, U*CL+S is inapplica)le 8olstered)y %&& P!ilippines 8aselines Law /
Its nine4das! lines are aritie @onesgenerated )y its land territory. AHuangyangBincludes :accles9eld )an0 and Scar)oroug!w!ic! it $iews as an island t!at spans %&%
P!ilippines !as attepted to reac!agreeent since ' to no a$ail. Hence,ar)itral clai is ripe for ad=udication C!inese
C!inese iew Judge Eue/ Aar)itration is a$iolation of a su)stanti$e o)ligation of t!eparties to negotiate under t!e Code ofConduct on t!e SCS )etween "S6"* andC!ina
understanding and cooperation, s!all a0ee$ery eKort to enter into pro$isionalarrangeents of a practical nature and duringt!e transitional period, not to =eopardi@e or
2!e e-istence of a dispute is siilarly notprecluded )y t!e fact t!at negotiationscould t!eoretically continue. !ere t!ere isan o)ligation to negotiate it is well
esta)lis!ed as a atter of generalinternational law t!at t!at o)ligation doesnot require t!e Parties to continue wit!negotiations w!ic! in ad$ance s!ow e$ery
+* C!ina3s $iew t!at nine4das! lines aregenerated )y land territories will pria faciedi$est ar)itral )ody of its =urisdiction orw!et!er tri)unal can rule on t!e $alidity of
suc! a c!aracteri@ation in ruling on its owncopetence.