Japan and China

Japan and China

Ming China (1368-1800)

• Mongol emperors are ousted by a peasant revolt led by Taizu

• Renaissance of Chinese culture and politics

• Expansion of China

Chinese Culture• Porcelain:

http://www.googleartproject.com/galleries/27755421/27849024/

• Art• Silk

Chinese Culture - Confucianism• Who is Confucius?• Philosopher from

the 5th century CE• Followers wrote the

Analects – a book of his sayings

Chinese Culture - Confucianism• “The man who moves a

mountain begins by carrying away small stones.”

• “Never give a sword to a man who can't dance.”

• “To be wealthy and honored in an unjust society is a disgrace.”

Chinese Culture - Confucianism• The Five Relationships

and filial piety• Ruler-subject• Father-Son• Brother-brother• Husband-wife• Friend-friend

Chinese Politics• Civil Service Exam

– An exam to determine who participates in government

– Instead of a patronage system

• Mandate of heaven – The emperor has a

mandate from heaven to be the ruler of china

Zheng He• Chinese explorer

from 14th century• Explored Around

the Indian ocean until…

• The Chinese government decided that they did not want any exploration happening

Zheng He

Europeans in China• Jesuit Missionaries –

before missionaries, there was little contact between China and Europe. The Jesuit order used Confucianist ideas to convert the chinese people to Catholicism.

Chinese Rites Controversy• The Catholic Pope

did not like what the Jesuits were doing, so he used a Papal Bull to demand the jesuits use more traditional methods of conversion.

Chinese Rites Controversy• The Kangxi emperor

of china responded to the papal bull by demanding that ALL Christian missionaries leave china.

TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE

Japanese Shogunates• Daimyo, heads of

noble families, ruled Japan.

• Around the end of the fifteenth century, the daimyo were warring with each other. There was chaos in japan.

Unification of Japan

• Three powerful leaders struggled to unify japan: Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu.

• Oda and Toyotomi were military leaders, not daimyo

Tokugawa Japan

• Tokugawa Ieyasu was the daimyo of Edo.

• He took the title of Shogun in 1603 and completed the unification of japan.

• The Tokugawa family held authority of Japan until 1868.– This period is know as the

Great Peace

Tokugawa Japan

• During this period there was a flourishing of Japanese culture.

• Including Japanese Poetry• One of the Greatest

Japanese poets was Fukuda Chiyo-ni.

Haikus • Airing out kimonos

as well as her heartis never enough.

• Again the womencome to the fieldswith unkempt hair.

• Just for todayusing men for rice-planting.

Europeans in japan• The Portuguese were the first

europeans to arrive in Japan. • They held up a steady trade with

japan until the introduction of Jesuit missionaries

• An edict in 1587 expelled all christians from japan

• The only europeans allowed to trade with the japanese were the dutch until the late Nineteenth century– The dutch were allowed to trade once a

year and they could only stay for 2-3 months.

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