JAMM 1001 New Technology, Part 2 Personal computing to the World Wide Web.

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New Technology, Part 2New Technology, Part 2

Personal computing Personal computing

to the World Wide Webto the World Wide Web

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Schedule UpdateSchedule Update

Today:Today: Internet and World Wide Web Internet and World Wide Web– Please sign attendance sheetPlease sign attendance sheet– Pick up Exam 3 scores (after class)Pick up Exam 3 scores (after class)

Next week: Thanksgiving BreakNext week: Thanksgiving Break– NO CLASSNO CLASS

Week of Nov. 29: Media law and ethicsWeek of Nov. 29: Media law and ethics

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Exam 4Exam 4

Thursday, Thursday, Dec. 16Dec. 16, 10 a.m., 10 a.m. No early exams allowedNo early exams allowed ““I have received, read, and understand I have received, read, and understand

all the information contained in the all the information contained in the course syllabus for JAMM 100, Media & course syllabus for JAMM 100, Media & Society. I am aware that the final exam Society. I am aware that the final exam is on is on Thursday, Dec. 16, 2010Thursday, Dec. 16, 2010, at 10 , at 10 a.m.” a.m.”

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Clicker Quiz #1Clicker Quiz #1

The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, was used for: was used for:

a) Financial planninga) Financial planning

b) Word processingb) Word processing

c) Playing gamesc) Playing games

d) Electronic maild) Electronic mail

e) Artillery calculations for the Armye) Artillery calculations for the Army

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Clicker Quiz #11Clicker Quiz #11

The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, was used for: was used for:

e) Artillery calculations for the e) Artillery calculations for the ArmyArmy

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MiniaturizationMiniaturization

Vacuum tube (1904)Vacuum tube (1904) Transistor (1947)Transistor (1947) Printed circuit Printed circuit

(1960s)(1960s) Microchip (1970s)Microchip (1970s)

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Moore’s Law: 1965Moore’s Law: 1965

Gordon MooreGordon Moore, former , former CEO of Intel, predicted:CEO of Intel, predicted:

Computing speed, Computing speed, memory would double memory would double every 2 yearsevery 2 years

Computers would get Computers would get smallersmaller

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Moore’s LawMoore’s Law

11stst Personal Personal ComputerComputer

1975: Altair 88001975: Altair 8800 Sold as a mail-order kitSold as a mail-order kit Used an Intel memory chipUsed an Intel memory chip No keyboard or monitorNo keyboard or monitor Imitators followed, including 1Imitators followed, including 1stst

AppleApple

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Personal ComputingPersonal Computing

April 1, 1976: 1April 1, 1976: 1stst Apple computerApple computer

Steve Wozniak Steve Wozniak (l) & Steve Jobs(l) & Steve Jobs

11stst graphical graphical interface using interface using ‘mouse’‘mouse’

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Personal ComputingPersonal Computing

IBM personal IBM personal computercomputer

Sold 1981-1987Sold 1981-1987 Originally designed Originally designed

for businesses to for businesses to replace main-frame replace main-frame computerscomputers

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1984: Apple introduces the 1984: Apple introduces the MacMac

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYecfV3ubP8

1984: Apple introduces the 1984: Apple introduces the MacMac

Shown during Super Shown during Super Bowl, Jan. 22, 1984Bowl, Jan. 22, 1984

Critics called it Critics called it ‘masterpiece’ of ‘masterpiece’ of advertisingadvertising

Does Big Brother Does Big Brother represent IBM?represent IBM?

1984: Apple introduces the 1984: Apple introduces the MacMac

Director: Ridley Scott Director: Ridley Scott Blade Runner Blade Runner (1982)(1982)

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Computing as CommunicationComputing as Communication

ConvergenceConvergence of 3 technologies: of 3 technologies: CalculatorCalculator TypewriterTypewriter TelegraphTelegraph

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TelegraphyTelegraphy

Point-to-point Point-to-point communicationcommunication

Morse Code Morse Code – Dots, dashes Dots, dashes

were analog were analog version of 0s, 1sversion of 0s, 1s

Telegraph lines = Telegraph lines = networknetwork

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The InternetThe Internet

Convergence of trends:Convergence of trends: Information sharing by mainframes Information sharing by mainframes

(1960s) (1960s) Personal computing (1980s)Personal computing (1980s) Enhanced graphic capability (1990s)Enhanced graphic capability (1990s)

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Internet: 1960sInternet: 1960s

Height of Cold WarHeight of Cold War– Fear of Soviet nuclear attackFear of Soviet nuclear attack

Pentagon wanted to be sure military Pentagon wanted to be sure military could communicatecould communicate

Rand Corp. (think tank) designed Rand Corp. (think tank) designed original network … but never built original network … but never built – i.e., the Neti.e., the Net

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Internet: 1960sInternet: 1960s

1969: DARPA (Defense 1969: DARPA (Defense Advanced Advanced Research Project Agency) Research Project Agency) connected 4 U.S. universitiesconnected 4 U.S. universities– UCLAUCLA

– UC-Santa BarbaraUC-Santa Barbara

– StanfordStanford

– University of UtahUniversity of Utah

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Internet History: VideoInternet History: Video

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Internet History: 1970s-1980sInternet History: 1970s-1980s

1973: Net goes international 1973: Net goes international (Britain, Norway)(Britain, Norway)

1982: “Internet” first used to 1982: “Internet” first used to describe describe interinternational national netnetworkwork

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World Wide WebWorld Wide Web

1991: Tim Berners-Lee 1991: Tim Berners-Lee suggests idea at Swiss suggests idea at Swiss research instituteresearch institute

1993: 1993: Mosaic Mosaic browser browser created at University of created at University of IllinoisIllinois

1995: 1995: MosaicMosaic becomes becomes Netscape [now defunct]Netscape [now defunct]

World Wide WebWorld Wide Web

Characteristics:Characteristics: Graphics/iconsGraphics/icons HypertextHypertext links: ability to go from site links: ability to go from site

to site by clickingto site by clicking Multi-media (images, audio, video)Multi-media (images, audio, video)

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World Wide WebWorld Wide Web

URL: Universal Resource LocatorURL: Universal Resource Locator hypertext transfer protocol: httphypertext transfer protocol: http host computer: uidahohost computer: uidaho top-level domain (TLD): edutop-level domain (TLD): edu

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World Wide WebWorld Wide Web

Original top-level domainsOriginal top-level domains– .com, .edu, .org, .net, .gov, .com, .edu, .org, .net, .gov,

Recent additionsRecent additions– .aero, .biz, .coop, .info., .name, .tv.aero, .biz, .coop, .info., .name, .tv

Now: Chinese, Arabic, other non-Latin Now: Chinese, Arabic, other non-Latin alphabet charactersalphabet characters

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Understanding the WebUnderstanding the Web

Decentralized designDecentralized design No central editorNo central editor Interactivity: Users = producersInteractivity: Users = producers

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Internet RegulationInternet Regulation

Outside FCC’s jurisdiction Outside FCC’s jurisdiction 1996: Congress passed 1996: Congress passed

Communications Decency ActCommunications Decency Act 1997: Supreme Court overturned 1997: Supreme Court overturned

CDA (restriction on free speech)CDA (restriction on free speech)

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Internet RegulationInternet Regulation

Today: No one controls contentToday: No one controls content– Technology outpaces regulationTechnology outpaces regulation

Analogy: Analogy: The Wild WestThe Wild West

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Clicker Quiz #2Clicker Quiz #2

What was the original rationale for the Internet?What was the original rationale for the Internet?a)a) Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton recognized the Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton recognized the

commercial potential of shopping by computer.commercial potential of shopping by computer.b)b) Ted Turner saw it as a logical extension of his 24-hour Ted Turner saw it as a logical extension of his 24-hour

news channel, CNN.news channel, CNN.c)c) The Pentagon was looking for a way to maintain The Pentagon was looking for a way to maintain

communications after a nuclear attack. communications after a nuclear attack. d)d) Microsoft founder Bill Gates sought a new application Microsoft founder Bill Gates sought a new application

for personal computers.for personal computers.e)e) Congress authorized it in the Freedom of Information Congress authorized it in the Freedom of Information

Act of 1966.Act of 1966.