Jab Mein Thaa, Tab Guru Nahin‚ Aub Guru Hai, Mein Nahin Sab Andhiyara Mit Gaya‚ Jab Deepak Dekhya Mahin When "I“, the Ego, was with me, then I couldn’t realize the almighty within; Now, the Almighty "is" ever with me and there is no place for this Ego. All the darkness (illusion) within me is mitigated, on realizing the light SK
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Jab Mein Thaa , Tab Guru Nahin ‚ Aub Guru Hai , Mein Nahin Sab Andhiyara Mit Gaya‚
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Jab Mein Thaa, Tab Guru Nahin‚
Aub Guru Hai, Mein Nahin
Sab Andhiyara Mit Gaya‚
Jab Deepak Dekhya Mahin
When "I“, the Ego, was with me, then I couldn’t
realize the almighty within; Now, the Almighty "is"
ever with me and there is no place for this Ego.
All the darkness (illusion) within me is mitigated,
on realizing the light (illumination) within.
SK
www.drsarma.in
Diabetic HypertensionDiabetic Hypertension
The Two TerroristsThe Two Terrorists
THE ENORMITY OF THE
PROBLEM - COMPOUNDED
THE ENORMITY OF THE
PROBLEM - COMPOUNDED
How Common is this Duo?How Common is this Duo?
HTN is twice as common in DMHTN is twice as common in DM
New onset DM is 2.5 times in HTNNew onset DM is 2.5 times in HTN
20 to 40% of IGT pts have HTN20 to 40% of IGT pts have HTN
40 to 50% of Type 2 DM have HTN40 to 50% of Type 2 DM have HTN
Only 1/4 of HTN in DM is controlledOnly 1/4 of HTN in DM is controlled
coated)3. ACE inhibitors or ARBs4. A1c control (Glycemic control)5. Blood pressure goal (<130/80)6. Control of Nephropathy, Proteinuria
(MAU)7. Cigarette smoking cessation8. Weight and waist management9. Physical Activity – at least 2 km/d x 5 d
AASK MAP <92
Target BP (mm Hg)
# of Antihypertensive Agents Needed to Achieve Target BP
No. of antihypertensive agents1
UKPDS DBP <85
ABCD DBP <75
MDRD MAP <92
HOT DBP <80
Trial 2 3 4
Bakris GL et al. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;36:646-661; Lewis EJ et al. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:851-860. Cushman WC et al. J Clin Hypertens. 2002;4:393-404.
IDNT SBP <135/DBP <85
ALLHAT SBP <140/DBP <90
Chobanian AV et al. JAMA. 2003;289:2560–2572.
CHF
Post-MI
CAD Risk
Diabetes Mellitus
Nephropathy
Stroke Prevention
BB
ACEI
ARB
CCB
AADiuretic
JNC 7 – Antihypertensive Agents
JNC 7 – Antihypertensive Agents
Based on Favorable Outcome Data From Clinical Trials
Based on Favorable Outcome Data From Clinical Trials
Other Effects of HTN DrugsOther Effects of HTN Drugs
DM + Co-morbidityDM + Co-morbidity
DM + Co-morbidityDM + Co-morbidity Primary DrugPrimary Drug Add on Drug Rx.Add on Drug Rx.
DM alone
DM + HT
LVH
DM + MAU/AU
DM + CAD/MI
DM + CHF
ACEi low dose
ACEi or ARB
ARB, (ACEi)
ACEi (ARB)
ACEi or ARB
BP & ACR
watch
D + C + New
B
Indap + Carve
Carve / New B
D + AA + B
-Blockers and their Effects -Blockers and their Effects
Name of B Receptor ISA Comment
Acebutolol 1 Yes Not Good
Penbutolol 1, 2 Yes Bad
Pindolol 1, 2 Yes Bad
Propranolol 1, 2 No No Good
Nadolol 1, 2 No No Good
Timolol 1, 2 No No Good
Atenolol 1 No OK
Metoprolol 1 No Very Good
Nebivolol 1 No Excellent
Bisoprolol 1 No Excellent
Labetalol , 1, 2 No Emergency
Carvedilol , 1, 2 No CHF, IHD
Advantages of CarvedilolAdvantages of Carvedilol
GEMINI trial and OPTIMIZE-HF Study
Ideal anti HTN drug in DMIdeal anti HTN drug in DM
• Must decrease blood pressure to 130/80• Must reduce the RAAS activity, improve ED • Must prevent, improve or arrest proteinuria• Must prevent and protect from CAD, CKD, CHF• Must be favourable on glycemic control• Must improve the dyslipidemia – not worsen it• Must not worsen peripheral arterial disease• Must improve ED and not cause impotence• Must not decrease eGFR and serum
creatinine• Must not raise uric acid, serum potassium
What should We take home ?
What should We take home ?
‘Clinician Inertia’ for HTN in DM must be overcome
HTN in DM is serious; So manage aggressively
TLC, Lipid control, Glycemic targets – VP is a must
HTN Rx. delays or arrests CVD, CKD, PAD, CVD
ACEi or ARBs are the main stay of Rx - RAAS
Postural hypotension, DAN are important in Rx
MAU/ACR must for all DM – Predict CAD, CKD
Typically 2 or more drugs are needed for HTN Rx.
New B, Carvedilol, CCBs are add-on drugs
Amaedhya poornam, krimi raasi
samkulam,
Swaabhava gandham, asaucham,
adhruvam |
Sareeram, mootra pureesha bhaajanam
Ramanti moodha, viramanti pandithaa |
Full of filth, ridden with all bacteria and worms,
Naturally stinking, unclean to the core & perishable,
This body of ours, is drenched in excreta & secreta,
Only the fools engross in it, but the wise shun it. VC by ASA