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Williams (1988)
Latitude
Pres
sure
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Latitude
Pres
sure
Fast rotation
Slow rotation
Latitude
Pres
sure
Fast rotation
Slow rotation
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Hadley cell
Ferrel cell
Polar cell
Easterly wind
Westerly wind
Earth Venus
Mars Titan
Summer
Winter
Easterly wind
Westerly windHadley cell
Ferrel cell
Super-rotation
Super-rotation
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Taylor–Proudman theorem•! In a fluid that is steadily rotated, the fluid velocity will be
uniform along any line parallel to the axis of rotation.
d! v dt
+ 2! " #! v + 1
$%p +%& = 0
Momentum equation in rotational frame
Assuming non-compressivity and d/dt=0, the curl is applied to give
! " # $
! v = 0
Taking z-axis along the planet’s rotational axis,
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= 0
z
yz
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Atmospheres of Synchronously Rotating Terrestrial Planets Orbiting M Dwarfs (Joshi et al., 1997)
•! Planets within the habitable zones of M dwarfs are likely to be synchronous rotators; in other words, one side is permanently illuminated while the other side is in perpetual darkness.
•! Simulation with a rotation rate similar to that of Titan
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Surface air temperature Cloudiness
Surface level winds
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