ITP TOEFL STRATEGIES AND TIPS READING SECTION Ukrida Department of English Ira Rasikawati
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ITP TOEFL STRATEGIES AND TIPS READING SECTION
Ukrida Department of English Ira Rasikawati
WHAT DO TEST TAKERS NEED TO KNOW?
1. General ITP TOEFL Test Taking Tips
2. Reading Section Tips
3. Types of Questions
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1. GENERAL TIPS
ITP TOEFL TEST TAKING
ITP TOEFL – PBT TOEFL
1. Administered in paper-based format
2. Takes about three and one-half hours
3. 3 Sections: Listening Comprehension, Structure and Written Expression, Reading Comprehension,
4. Score on scale of 310 to 677
5. Separate writing test: TWE
TEST CONTENT
Section Description Time Limit Total
Questions
Listening
Comprehension
Measures the ability to
understand spoken English
30-40 minutes 50
Structure and
Written
Expression
Measures the ability to
recognize language
appropriate for standard
written English
25 minutes 40
Reading
Comprehension
Measures the ability to
understand non-technical
reading material
55 minutes 50
Skill Score Range Level
Reading 0–30 High (22–30)
Intermediate (15–21)
Low (0–14)
Listening 0–30 High (22–30)
Intermediate (15–21)
Low (0–14)
Speaking 0–30 score scale Good (26–30)
Fair (18–25)
Limited (10–17)
Weak (0–9)
Writing 0–30 score scale Good (24–30)
Fair (17–23)
Limited (1–16)
Total Score 0–120
HOW TO SCORE
EXAMPLE:
Overall Score:
Add 3 converted scores: 51+52+58
Devide the sum by 3: 161/3=53.7
Multiply by 10: 53.7x10= 537
Section 1 Section 2 Section 3
No. Correct 30 28 43
Converted Score 51 52 58
PRACTICE IS KEY
• Use English Every Day Communicate only in English: Listen, read and write in English every chance you get.
• Write Make notes, write down reminders, emails using new words and common expressions – Improve Vocabulary and Sentence Structure
• Listen Listen to music, radio, television, movies and online broadcasts in English – Helps acquire rhythm and stress patterns of spoken English; Listen closely to words.
Read Newspapers, magazines, books and websites – Improve vocabulary.
Try academic reading material to prepare for communicating at university level.
Keep Journal
Write down things you are doing - practice organizing thoughts and writing in English.
You can track your own progress. Read it to yourself and read it out loud.
For further information go to: Source: http://www.ets.org/toefl/pbt/prepare/tips/
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2. GENERAL TIPS
ITP TOEFL READING SECTION
READING SECTION
Total time for reading section: 55 minutes
Total questions: 50
Total passages: 5
Words in each passage:
- between 250 – 400 words
- about 5 minutes for skimming
- 1 minute to answer each question
READING TIPS
1. Be familiar with directions
2. Do not spend much time reading passages
• skim passages
• go directly to questions
3. Don’t worry about unfamiliar topics
4. Never leave questions blank
SUGGESTED READING PATTERN
1Read Rapidly 2Skim for Main Idea
3Read Questions 4Scan Answers
Reading
READ RAPIDLY
Good L1 reader reads at 200 to 300 words per minute (wpm) rate 4-5 words/second
Reminder 1: Reading Speed
Time allocation for reading
- 5 passages: 5 minutes: 1 MINUTE/PASSAGE
- 50 questions: 50 minutes: 1 MINUTE PER ITEM
SKIM FOR MAIN IDEA
Find main idea and organization of passage
No need to understand every detail on first reading
Reminder 2: Topic Sentence
Read FIRST sentence of every paragraph
Check LAST sentence
READ QUESTIONS
FIND WHAT TYPES OF QUESTION
Question types tell you where to find the right answers
Reminder 3: Which sentence has right answer
- Main idea questions: first sentence of every paragraph
- Vocabulary questions: question will tell where to go
- Other questions: keyword in question – anywhere in passage
SCAN ANSWERS
FIND AND READ PART THAT CONTAIN ANSWER CAREFULLY
ELIMINATE OBVIOUSLY WRONG ANSWERS
Reminder 4: Key words and Markers
- in the same sentence of where key word found
- one sentence before or after key word
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3. TYPES OF QUESTION
1. Main idea questions
2. Stated detail questions
3. Unstated detail questions
4. Implied detail questions
5. Vocabulary in context questions
6. “Where” questions
1. MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY QUESTION
What is the topic of the passage? What is the subject of this passage? What is the main idea of this passage? What is the author’s main point in the passage? With what is the author primarily concerned? Which of the following would be the best title?
WHERE TO FIND ANSWER
Look at the first sentence of each paragraph
HOW TO ANSWER QUESTION
1. Read first line of each paragraph 2. Look for common theme or idea in the first lines 3. Pass quickly other lines to confirm topic sentence you
found 4. Eliminate obviously wrong answers, choose best
answer among remaining choices
2. STATED DETAIL QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY QUESTION
According to the passage, … It is stated in the passage that… The passage indicates that … The author mentions that… Which of the following is true…?
WHERE TO FIND ANSWER Answers are found in order in the passage
HOW TO ANSWER QUESTION
1. Choose key word in the question 2. Skim appropriate part for key word or related
idea 3. Read sentence containing key word or idea
carefully 4. Find answer that restates an idea in passage 5. Eliminate obviously wrong answers, choose best
answer among remaining choices
3. UNSTATED DETAIL QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY QUESTION
Which of the following is not stated…? Which of the following is not mentioned…? Which of the following is not discussed…? All of the following are true except…
WHERE TO FIND ANSWER
Answers are found in order in the passage
HOW TO ANSWER QUESTION
1. Choose key word in the question 2. Scan appropriate place in passage for key word or related
idea 3. Read sentence containing key word or idea carefully 4. Find answers that are definitely true according to passage. Don’t choose those answers! 5. Find answer that is not true or not discussed in passage.
4. IMPLIED DETAIL QUESTIONS
HOW TO IDENTIFY QUESTION
It is implied in the passage that…?
It can be inferred from the passage that…?
It is most likely that…
What probably happened…?
WHERE TO FIND ANSWER
Answers are found in order in the passage
HOW TO ANSWER QUESTION
1. Choose key word in the question 2. Scan passage for key word or related idea 3. Read sentence containing key word or idea carefully 4. Look for answer that could be true according to that
sentence
5. VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY QUESTION
What is the meaning …?
Which of the following is closest in meaning to…?
…could best be replaced by which of the following?
WHERE TO FIND ANSWER
The question tells which line words/expression can be found
HOW TO ANSWER QUESTION
1. Find word/expression in passage 2. Read sentence containing the word carefully 3. Look for context clues to help understand meaning 4. Choose answer indicated in context
How large a vocabulary is needed?
SKILL SIZE ESTIMATE NOTES
Reading 8,000 - 9,000 word families Nation (2006)
Listening 6,000 - 7,000 word families Nation (2006)
Native speaker 20,000 word families Goulden, Nation, & Read (1990) Zechmeister, Chronis, Cull, D’Anna, & Healy (1995)
You can use this link to test your vocabulary size: http://my.vocabularysize.com/
6. “WHERE” QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY QUESTION
Where in the passage…?
WHERE TO FIND ANSWER
Answers can be found in any lines listed in the answer options
HOW TO ANSWER QUESTION 1. Choose a key word or idea in the question
2. Skim lines in passage that are listed in answer options.
Skim for key word or idea
3. Choose answer that contains line numbers of a
restatement of key word or idea in question
Main Idea 1st line
Stated Detail Key word
Unstated Detail Key word
Implied Detail Key word
Vocabulary in Context Context clues
“Where Key word
REFERENCES
Grabe, William, and Stroller Fredricka L. 2002. Teaching and Researching Reading. England: Pearson Education.
Phillips, Deborah. 2004. Longman Introductory Course for the TOEFL Test: The Paper Test. New York: Pearson Education, Inc.
ETS TOEFL for Test takers. Retrieved from https://www.ets.org/toefl/pbt/about