IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Review Questions The Human Skeleton 1. What does a skeleton symbolize? ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. What purpose does a skeleton perform? ______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3. What links bones together? _________________________________________________ 4. What moves bones? _______________________________________________________ 5. What is a craniometer? ____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 6. What happens to the elbow joint when the arm is straightened? ___________________ 7. What is the name of a series of woodcuts by Hans Holbein depicting skeletons luring noblemen to their death? __________________________________________________ 8. What bones form the protective cage that protects vital organs in the chest? ________________________________________________________________________ 9. How many bones form the protective cage that protects the vital organs in the chest? ________________________________________________________________________ 10. What adaptation allows humans to walk fully upright on two legs? _________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 11. How many bones are in a human hand? _______________________________________ 12. What is a reliquary? _______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 1
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Review Questions
The Human Skeleton
1. What does a skeleton symbolize? ____________________________________________
Clavicle (Collarbone)Costal cartilageHumerusManubriumScapula (Shoulder blade)Sternal bodyTrue ribXiphoid process
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Human Hand
Label the diagram.
Use the following list ofbones:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Hamate
Triquetral
Pisiform
Distal phalanx
Middle phalanx
Proximal phalanx
Metacarpal
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
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Human FootLabel the diagram.
Use the following list ofbones:
Distal phalanx
Middle phalanx
Proximal phalanx
Metatarsal
Talus
Cuboid
Calcaneus
Navicular
Medial cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #1
1. Ammonites are the ancestors of what modern animal?A. whelkB. scallopC. nautilusD. squirrel fishE. crocodile
2. Which of the following animals walk on their toes?A. catsB. humansC. guinea pigD. rhesus monkeysE. tree squirrels
3. What mammal has a skeleton adapted for flight?A. platypusB. puffinC. heronD. batE. carp
4. The skeletons of a shark is made of ____________.A. enamelB. boneC. cartilageD. silicaE. chitin
5. What is another name for the collarbone in birds?A. coracoidB. wishboneC. femurD. synsacrumE. humerus
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #1
6. Which of the following animals does not have an exoskeleton?A. bullfrogB. scorpionC. spiny lobsterD. nautilusE. dung beetle
7. What are scutes?A. beetlesB. hard scales that cover turtle shellsC. the soft portions of the exoskeleton that enable joints to moveD. spidersE. the feelers on the arms of starfish
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #2
1. How many milk teeth do young children have?A. 26B. 34C. 10D. 20E. 18
2. What type of teeth are found at the front of the human jaw?A. carnassialsB. molarsC. premolarsD. caninesE. incisors
3. What material makes up the layer of a tooth immediately under the enamel outer coat?A. dentineB. chitinC. cartilageD. keratinE. bone
4. What is the name of the furry skin that covers antlers?A. chitinB. echinodermC. carapaceD. velvetE. dentine
5. What is another name for the cheekbone?A. sphenoidB. palatineC. zygomaD. mandibleE. parietal
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #2
6. How long ago did Homo sapiens neanderthalensis appear on the earth?A. 3 to 2 million years agoB. 1.5 million to 1 million years agoC. 750,000 years agoD. 100,000 to 40,000 years agoE. less than 40,000 years ago
7. What type of animal is a coypu?A. a rodentB. a raptorC. a crocodileD. a snakeE. a dog
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #3
1. Animals that eat both plants and animals are called _____________.A. herbivoresB. carnivoresC. detritivoresD. omnivoresE. None of the above
2. Animals that eat plants are called _______________.A. herbivoresB. carnivoresC. detritivoresD. omnivoresE. None of the above
3. What type of tooth is used for crushing and grinding food?A. premolarsB. carnassialsC. incisorsD. caninesE. tusks
4. What is the name of the topmost vertebra in the human backbone?A. lumbar vertebraB. transverse vertebraC. atlasD. axisE. thoracic vertebra
5. How many thoracic vertebrae are in the human backbone?A. 14B. 5C. 8D. 12E. 4
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #3
6. What is another name for the tailbone?A. sacrumB. transverse processC. centrumD. coccyxE. scapula
7. The name of the pelvis comes from the Latin word for __________________.A. dishB. girdleC. basinD. wellE. rib
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #4
1. How long is the Achilles tendon in the human body?A. 13 inchesB. 18 inchesC. 6 inchesD. 8 inchesE. 10 inches
2. Where is the Achilles tendon located?A. forearmB. upper legC. lower backD. lower legE. knee
3. What is the name of the bone that forms the kneecap?A. tibiaB. fibulaC. phalangeD. tarsalE. patella
4. How long is the femur in a giraffe?A. 52 cmB. 45 cmC. 29 cmD. 18 cmE. 11 cm
5. What substance in bones produces red blood cells?A. osteoclastsB. dentineC. marrowD. enamelE. cartilage
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IT Science: Skeleton - Chapter Quiz #4
6. What type of joint is the knee?A. ball-and-socket jointB. hinge jointC. saddle jointD. prehensile jointE. None of the above
7. What bone forms the hooves of a horse?A. the third finger or toeB. the thumb or big toeC. the talusD. the calcaneusE. the patella
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
1. What instrument is used to measure the dimensions of the skull?A. craniometerB. calipersC. x-ray machinesD. isotope scannerE. spectrometer
2. How many bones are in the human hand?A. 25B. 27C. 22D. 24E. 28
3. What is the longest bone in the human body?A. femurB. tibiaC. fibulaD. humerusE. ulna
4. Fossil records show that the first animals to develop backbones were _______.A. amphibiansB. fishC. insectsD. mammalsE. birds
5. What is the name of the fins located along the back of a fish?A. pelvic finsB. pectoral finsC. ventral finsD. caudal finsE. dorsal fins
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
6. An invertebrate is an animal that does not have _________.A. a backboneB. sensesC. an exoskeletonD. legsE. All of the above
7. What is the hardest substance found in the human body?A. kidney stonesB. cartilageC. tooth enamelD. boneE. calcium deposits
8. How many teeth does the typical adult human have?A. 32B. 28C. 45D. 36E. 42
9. What is the name of the lower jaw bone?A. mandibleB. maxillaC. zygomatic boneD. parietal boneE. patella
10. What is another name for the cheek bone?A. maxillaB. lacrimal boneC. ethmoidD. zygomatic boneE. sphenoid
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
11. The muscle that closes the jaw bones is the _____________.A. masseterB. temporalisC. mandibleD. maxillaE. palatine
12. What type of teeth are specialized to cut up meat?A. caninesB. molarsC. premolar grindersD. carnassialsE. incisors
13. How many thoracic vertebrae do humans have?A. 2B. 5C. 7D. 12E. 15
14. What two vertebrae in the upper spine allow the head to nod and twist?A. atlas and axisB. centrum and transverseC. sacrum and atlasD. sacrum and axisE. coccyx and sacrum
15. What runs through the neural canal?A. peripheral nerve endingsB. optic nerveC. spinal cordD. sciatic nerveE. medulla oblongata
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
16. What muscle forms the base of the chest cavity?A. abdominalB. obliqueC. diaphragmD. deltoidE. costal
17. How many pairs of ribs are typically found in an adult human?A. 16B. 18C. 14D. 12E. 10
18. What is another name for the hip socket?A. ischiumB. sacroiliacC. acetabulumD. synasacrumE. saddle
19. What is a quadruped?A. an animal that can walk in a semi-upright positionB. an animal that can walk in a full-upright positionC. an animal that walks on four legsD. an animal that walks on four legs and has a prehensile tailE. an animal that does not have legs and moves by slithering
20. In birds, what bones are fused to form the synsacrum?A. the ischium and iliumB. the pelvic bones and the lower backbonesC. the keel and the wishboneD. the wishbone and the scapulaE. the coccyx and the pubic bone
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
21. What type of joint is the shoulder joint?A. ball and socketB. hinge jointC. suturesD. cartilaginous jointE. pivot joint
22. How many vertebrae make up the human spine?A. 33B. 31C. 35D. 30E. 24
23. The radius is a bone in the ___________.A. skullB. upper armC. forearmD. thighE. lower leg
24. What type of joint is the ankle?A. composite jointB. ball-and-socket jointC. hinge jointD. saddle jointE. pivot joint
25. What is the name of the main shin bone?A. femurB. fibulaC. tibiaD. calcaneusE. radius
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
26. What is the largest bone in the ankle?A. metatarsalsB. talusC. calcaneusD. phalangesE. tarsals
27. What is the name of the heel bone?A. metatarsalsB. talusC. calcaneusD. phalangesE. tarsals
28. What controls bone growth in childhood?A. plateletsB. geneticsC. hormonesD. exerciseE. diet
29. The tallest recorded human in history was _______________.A. Robert WadlowB. Charles StrattonC. Giant HugoD. General Tom ThumbE. Charles Schultz
30. What is the smallest bone in the human body?A. stirrupB. anvilC. hammerD. eardrumE. cochlea
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
31. What part of the human body produces red blood cells?A. kidneysB. bone marrowC. liverD. heartE. pancreas
32. What type of cell passes nutrients and wastes back and forth between the blood andbone tissues?
A. osteoblastsB. osteocytesC. osteoclastsD. cytoplastsE. None of the above
33. What is the name of the skin that surrounds the outer shell of bone?A. periosteumB. compact boneC. marrowD. osteoclastE. trabeculae
34. Spongy bone is made up of a network of tiny rods called _________.A. periosteumB. compact boneC. marrowD. osteoclastE. trabeculae
35. What are the main materials that make up bone?A. calcium, phosphorus, and oxygenB. calcium, phosphorus, and collagenC. calcium, potassium, and phosphorusD. calcium, magnesium, and sulfurE. calcium, magnesium, and collagen
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
36. The upper part of the breastbone is called the ____________.A. coccyxB. sternal bodyC. manubriumD. xiphoid processE. sacrum
37. Which of the following is not part of the anklebone?A. talusB. cuboidC. medial cuneiformD. distal phalanxE. calcaneu
38. The distal phalanx forms the tip of the _____________.A. toeB. ring fingerC. thumbD. All of the aboveE. None of the above
39. What percentage of the human population is born with one or more extra ribs?A. 2 %B. 5%C. 7%D. 10%E. 12%
40. What bone is missing in snakes that allows them to swallow large animals whole?A. mandibleB. sternumC. patellaD. backboneE. teeth
IT Science: Practice Test #1
41. What material makes up baleen in whales?A. collagenB. cartilageC. enamelD. compact boneE. keratin
42. A scientist who studies fossilized bones is called ____________.A. an anthropologistB. a paleontologistC. a sociologistD. a forensic scientistE. a naturalist
43. What is the process in which cartilage turns into hard bone?A. calcificationB. ossificationC. fossilizationD. mineralizationE. None of the above
44. The honeycomb-like material found in the interior of bones is called ___________.A. soft boneB. cartilageC. bone marrowD. spongy boneE. periosteum
45. What is another name for the collarbone?A. scapulaB. clavicleC. manubriumD. iliumE. sacrum
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IT Science: Practice Test #1
46. In birds, what bone takes the weight of the body and balances it over the legs?A. iliumB. coccyxC. coracoid boneD. pygostyleE. femur
47. Exoskeletons are made of a light, strong material called _______.A. collagenB. dentineC. keratinD. enamelE. chitin
48. What animal has the largest skeleton of all living animals?A. shark whaleB. humpback whaleC. blue whaleD. reticulated giraffeE. African elephant
49. What is the structural protein found in fingernails?A. collagenB. cartilageC. enamelD. compact boneE. keratin
50. How large is the hammer bone in the human ear?A. 3 mmB. 8 mmC. 10 mmD. 5 mmE. 4 mm
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
1. What is the largest joint in the human body?A. kneeB. hip jointC. rotator cuffD. saddle jointE. elbow
2. What is the name of the large flange on the breastbone of birds?A. keelB. synsacrumC. shaftD. coracoidE. ulna
3. In birds, what bones function to brace the breastbone against the spine?A. synsacrumsB. shaftsC. coracoidsD. opercularsE. fibulas
4. How long ago did the first vertebrate animals appear on Earth?A. 250 million years agoB. 80 million years agoC. 500 million years agoD. 350 million years agoE. 800 million years ago
5. The hard outer casing of invertebrates is called _____________.A. an exoskeletonB. an endoskeletonC. a shellD. a carapaceE. a plastron
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
6. What is the heaviest insect in the world?A. Dung beetleB. African scorpionC. Bird tarantulaD. Praying mantisE. Goliath beetle
7. What muscles control the movement of the upper and lower jaws?A. the temporalis and masseter musclesB. the metatarsal and phalange musclesC. the biceps and tricepsD. the ischium and ilium musclesE. the pectoral and dorsal muscles
8. The soft spots in a baby’s skull are called ___________.A. sphenoidsB. ethmoidsC. fontanelesD. palatinesE. carotoids
9. What bone makes up the back of the roof of the mouth?A. vomerB. inferior conchaC. ethmoidD. palatineE. sphenoid
10. What is the bone located at the lower back portion of the skull?A. temporal boneB. parietal boneC. zygomatic boneD. occipital boneE. sphenoid bone
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
11. What is the furry skin that covers antlers and provides nourishment for growing antlers?A. cuticleB. cartilageC. velvetD. dentineE. dendrite
12. The animal with the largest teeth is the __________.A. walrusB. blue whaleC. great white sharkD. elephantE. anaconda
13. What type of tooth is the tusk of an elephant?A. premolarB. carnassialC. canineD. denticleE. incisor
14. Ivory is formed by a combination of ___________.A. cartilage and boneB. dentine and calcium mineralsC. denticles and hornD. calcium minerals and enamelE. plaque and dentine
15. How much ivory does an elephant produce during its lifetime?A. half a tonB. one tonC. 250 kgD. 150 kgE. 25 kg
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
16. How many bones make up the human lumbar vertebrae?A. 2B. 5C. 7D. 12E. 10
17. How many pairs of ribs are connected to the breastbone in a human?A. 2B. 5C. 7D. 8E. 12
18. What is the name given to the eleventh and twelfth pair of ribs in the human rib cage?A. true ribsB. floating ribsC. false ribsD. costal ribsE. scapulas
19. For normal body function, skeletal muscles must work in __________.A. unisonB. opposing pairsC. small incrementsD. a twisting motionE. rapid succession
20. What type of joint is found at the base of each finger?A. ball and socketB. hinge jointC. saddle jointD. pivot jointE. suture
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
21. Where is costal cartilage found in the human body?A. noseB. kneeC. ankleD. rib cageE. inner ear
22. How many bones are there in the human hand?A. 15B. 19C. 20D. 18E. 16
23. In what part of the human body are the carpal bones located?A. ankleB. footC. handD. wristE. spinal column
24. What is the largest flying animal ever to live on the Earth?A. OstrichB. California condorC. Grey heronD. PteranodonE. Flying fox
25. What is the thickest and strongest tendon in the human body?A. Anterior cruciate tendonB. Achilles tendonC. Temporalis tendonD. Masseter tendonE. Plantar tendon
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
26. What type of joint is the hip joint?A. composite jointB. ball-and-socket jointC. hinge jointD. saddle jointE. pivot joint
27. What is the largest bone in the human body?A. humerusB. tibiaC. fibulaD. femurE. radius
28. How large is the stirrup bone in the human ear?A. 3 mmB. 8 mmC. 10 mmD. 5 mmE. 4 mm
29. What type of cells destroy bone, releasing minerals into the blood?A. osteoblastsB. osteocytesC. osteoclastsD. cytoplastsE. None of the above
30. The ossicles function to ____________________.A. balance the body’s weight from the heel to the toes when walkingB. attach the ribs to the spinal columnC. protect the ball-and-socket joints in the bodyD. transfer sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner earE. allow lateral movement in the wrist
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
31. Red blood cells are made in the ________________.A. periosteumB. compact boneC. bone marrowD. osteoclastsE. trabeculae
32. Which of the following is not a bone in the wrist?A. trapeziumB. trapezoidC. capitateD. pisiformE. metacarpal
33. What bone is located between the calcaneus and the navicular?A. medial cuneiformB. fifth metatarsalC. cuboidD. scaphoidE. talus
34. What is the second-hardest material in the human body?A. collagenB. cartilageC. enamelD. compact boneE. keratin
35. What is the largest crustacean in the world?A. horseshoe crabB. Alaskan king crabC. Japanese spider crabD. Maine lobsterE. cuttlefish
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
36. Of the twelve ribs in the rib cage, which set of ribs is the longest?A. 12th
B. 1st
C. 4th
D. 7th
E. 5th
37. A short tail in a mammalian skeleton indicates that the animal dwells primarily_____________.
A. in treetopsB. undergroundC. on the groundD. in diverse habitatsE. in water
38. Unspecialized teeth are an indicator of an animal that is __________.A. an herbivoreB. a carnivoreC. an omnivoreD. a detritivoreE. a scavenger
39. In birds, the lower backbones and hip bone are fused together to form the ________.A. synsacrumB. opercularC. coracoidsD. carapaceE. sphenoid
40. Which of the following is not an example of a crustacean?A. Spiny lobsterB. Spiny spider crabC. GibbonD. Striped prawnE. Crayfish
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
41. Which of the following is an example of an echinoderm?A. BrittlestarB. Sea UrchinC. BoxfishD. WentletrapE. A and B
42. Nerve endings from the teeth pass through a hole in the skull called the __________.A. infra-orbital foramenB. orbital foramenC. temporalis foramenD. masseter foramenE. sphenoid foramen
43. What part of the human brain is associated with intelligence?A. meningesB. cerebellumC. craniumD. cerebral cortexE. hypothalamus
44. How many pieces make up the cranium of an infant human?A. 8B. 12C. 15D. 25E. close to 30
45. How many bones make up an adult human cranium?A. 5B. 7C. 8D. 12E. 14
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IT Science: Practice Test #2
46. What is the scientific name for the domestic dog?A. Felis familiarisB. Felis domesticatisC. Canis familiarisD. Aves domesticusE. Ursidae familiaris
47. Animals with large orbits typically are _________.A. nocturnalB. predatorsC. keen-sightedD. All of the aboveE. None of the above
48. The region of the spinal column that is most susceptible to ruptured or popped disks is the___________.
A. cervical vertebraeB. coccyxC. sacrumD. lumbar vertebraeE. thoracic vertebrae
49. How many bones make up the human cervical vertebrae?A. 2B. 5C. 7D. 12E. 10
50. What is the name of the tail fins of a fish?A. pelvic finsB. pectoral finsC. ventral finsD. caudal finsE. dorsal fins