ISO 14048 Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Data documentation format.

ISO 14048

Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Data documentation format

ISO/TS 14048:2002(E)

ISO/TS 14048:2002(E) Introduction

• This Technical Specification provides a framework and requirements for the unambiguous documentation of Life Cycle Inventory analysis (LCI) data. Following the general framework for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), laid down in ISO 14040, and the requirements and guidance on LCI, provided in ISO 14041, this specification intends to support a transparent reporting, interpretation and review of data collection, data calculation, data quality and data reporting, as well as facilitating data exchange. This Technical Specification supports LCA use and development, and is aimed primarily for data suppliers, LCA practitioners and LCA information system developers.

• The data documentation format facilitates the reporting of LCI data and compliance with the requirements from ISO 14040 and ISO 14041 on data collection, data documentation and data quality. It also facilitates interpretation of LCI data as described in ISO 14043. In addition, the data documentation format allows the documentation and use of important information for Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), ISO 14042, including environmental information, environment condition and location.

ISO/TS 14048:2002(E) Documentation Format

ISO 14048 INPUT CELL 1.1.3.2

ISO 14048QUANTITATIVE

REFERENCE NAMEISO 9000 PROCESS

ISO 14048ANNEX BCOLUMN ????

ISO 14048ANNEX B ROW ?????

ISO 14048QUANTITATIVE

REFERENCEDESCRIPTION CLASS

Name

Net production of electricity

ISO 14048 File View ISO 15926 Product Model (Ontology)

1 KWH POWER GENERATION

Superclass

class_of_relationship_with_signature

MY ACTUAL REFERENCE

Subclass

Class

Member

ISO 14048 Field Reference 1.1.3.2

1.1.3.2

#1 #2#3(#1-#2)

Template

Instances

ISO 14048 PROCESS DESCRIPTION CLASS

ISO 9000PROCESS

ACC#

ISO 14048 PROCESS DESCRIPTION CLASS

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Qu

alif

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Quq

lific

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n_of

_cla

ss

ISO 14048 PROCESS NAME

class_of_class_of_identification

rep

rese

nte

d

pat

tern

EXPRESS_string

ISO 9000 PROCESS QUALIFICATIONS

ISO 9000PROCESS

ACC#

ISO 14048 PROCESS DESCRIPTION CLASS

ISO 14048 PROCESS CLASSIFICATION CLASS

ISO 14048 TECHNOLOGY DOCUMENTATION CLASS

ISO 14048 PROCESS CONTENT REFERENCE CLASS

ISO 14048 INTERMEDIATE PRODUCT FLOW REFERENCE CLASS

ISO 14048 DATA AQUISITION DOCUMENTATION CLASS

ISO 14048 SAMPLE VOLUME DOCUMENTATION CLASS

ISO 14048 RELATED EXTERNAL SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION CLASS

Qu

alif

ied

Qu

alif

ier

ISO 14048 QUANTITATIVE REFERENCE DESCRIPTION CLASS

These class instances represent the headings of the table in Annex A

ISO 14048 INPUT AND OUTPUT DOCUMENTATION CLASS

ISO 14048 MATHEMATICAL MODEL DOCUMENTATION CLASS

ISO 14048 VALID GEOGRAPHY DESCRIPTION CLASS

ISO 14048 INPUT AND OUTPUT IDENTIFICATION CLASS

ISO 14048 INPUT AND OUTPUT AMOUNT DESCRIPTION CLASS

ISO 14048 MATHEMATICAL RELATION DESCRIPTION CLASS

ISO 14048 INPUT AND OUTPUT DATA DOCUMENTATION CLASS

ISO 14048 VALID TIME SPAN DESCRIPTION CLASS

ISO 14048 INPUT AND OUTPUT PROPERTY DOCUMENTATION CLASS

ISO 14048 INPUT AND OUTPUT DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DESCRIPTION CLASS

ISO 14048 DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION PARAMETER DEFINITION CLASS

Qu

qlif

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ion

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clas

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ISO/TS 14048:2002(E) Nomenclatures

ISO/TS 14048:2002(E) Nomenclature Ontology

ISO/TS 14048:2002(E) Summary• The complete document content, not the layout

and structure, has been mapped• Can be mapped to tabular and, preferably, to XML

representations• All required ISO 14040 series concepts have been

included in the RDL• All ISO 14048 defined terms have been included in

the ontology • All ISO 14048 Nomenclatures have been mapped,

both at document content level and as an ontology• A prototype has been developed• An ISO 9000 Product Model has been developed• All required ISO 14048 RDL items are available and

ready for use

EU LCA InfoHub

• A useful set of LCA data– somewhat sparse – but an pilot which can extended– material products and energy products– generic data for typical products

• Contents defined by ISO 14048 Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Data documentation format

• Contents represented according to the ELCD (European Life Cycle Database) XML schema– a concrete implementation of ISO 14048

What ISO 14048 is about

make 1kg ofsteel rebar

output flow 1

what

steel rebar

howmuch

1 kg

destination

technosphereoutput

output flow 2

what

chromium

howmuch 9.5E-7 kg

destination

atmosphere

output

output

output flow 3

input flow 1

what

zinc

howmuch

0.0027 kg

source

resourcesinput

input flow 2

what

water

howmuch

3.8 kg

source

rivers

input

input

input flow 3

reference flow

What ISO 14048 is about

• ISO 14048 is about processes– perhaps the process of making a product

• For a “unit magnitude process” the flows are specified:– to the process from the environment (e.g. use of fresh water)– to the process from resources (e.g. use of minerals)– from the process to disposal (e.g. solid waste)– from the process to the environment (e.g. emissions to water systems or the atmosphere)

• The “unit magnitude” is defined by a reference flow:– output of 1 discrete manufactured item– output of 1 kg of material– output of 1 kWh of electricity

• There is lots of meta-data– Where the information came from– Time period of validity– Geographic region of validity

Mode of publication

• HTML documents– derived from XML representation by XSLT– XML documents also have HTTP URIs, but they are not linked

• The LCA data base as a huge ZIP file– Unzip to get a directory of XML files for each technical domain– XSLT transforms to HTML are also provided

• Support for both:– Computer processing of XML– Display of XML to people as HTML

Life cycle phases

Mode of publication

http://lca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/lcainfohub/datasets/elcd/processes/ Steel_rebar_Eurofer_268a11fb-baf2-4b9e-8867-38bea0e76ef6_01.00.001.xml

URI of data set about the process - Steel rebar manufacture:

http://lca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/lcainfohub/datasets/elcd/flows/ Carbon_dioxide_Emissions_to_air_8864ce84-9967-11da-a72b-0800200c9a66_01.00.001.xml

URI of data set about the flow - CO2 to air:

http://lca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/lcainfohub/datasets/elcd/flows/ Steel_Rebar_Materials_e0e06e45-28a5-4c5e-af18-616253bd4ac5_01.00.001.xml

http://lca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/lcainfohub/datasets/elcd/flowproperties/ Mass_93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66_01.00.001.xml

URI of data set about the flow - Steel rebar to technosphere:

URI of data set about the property - mass:

Mode of publication

• URIs are of data sets not things– This is Web 1.0 practice– For Web 2.0, the objects are identified

• Dereference the object to get information in different formats

• The product classes (or data sets about them) do not have URIs– “Steel rebar” is just text

– CO2 is identified by CAS number

• URIs are unmemorable – HTTP domain + UUID + version

Some comments

A future scenario

• Good environmental practice means that companies provide LCA data for products

• Two choices for a company:

1. provide audited LCA data

2. relate product to one of the classes of product for which LCA is available

– Classes defined on the Web and identified by URIs

• It is much easier for a company to implement choice 1, if its suppliers either provide LCA data or classify their products

A future scenario

classes of supply with LCA data – LCA catalogues linked to industrial catalogues

class A class B class C class D class D

product

supply 1

supply 2

supply x

supply y

supply z

subclass of

LCA data fromanalysis of supply

subclass of

subclass of

LCA data fromanalysis of supply