Islam

IslamIslamLauren ShawMadeleine ToupsAPHG Period 4

اإلسالم

FoundingFoundingIslam “submission” & “peace”Similar to Christianity and JudaismMuhammad ibn Abdallah

- Born 570 AD in Mecca and died June 8, 632 in Medina- First vision from the Angel Gabriel about Allah in 610 AD- Most recent and greatest prophet of God- Founded Islam in 622 AD

GeographyGeographySeventh Century at a state of war

- Polytheism vs. MonotheismSimplicity of Islam’s doctrineOrdinary people turned away

from Judaism and Christianity because of persecution

Holy BooksHoly Books

Qur’an/Quran/Koran

“Recitation”Foundation of

Islamic LawExact words of

God

Sunnah“Road”Revelation of

MuhammadExplains and

clarifies the Qur’an

Doctrine: Five Pillars of Doctrine: Five Pillars of FaithFaith

ZakatCharity to the Poor

SalatRitual Prayer

Five PillarsOf Faith

SawmFasting during

Ramadan

HajjPilgrimage to

Mecca

ShahadahPledging the Faith

Doctrine: Six Articles of Doctrine: Six Articles of FaithFaith

Supremacy ofGod’s Will

One God

Six ArticlesOf Faith

Angels of God

Books ofGod

(Qur'an)

Day ofJudgment

Prophets ofGod

(Muhammad)

ExperientialExperientialMale Circumcision

- Not necessary but commonPeace Be Upon Them (pbut)

- Said after any of the great prophets (Muhammad, Jesus, Abraham, Moses, etc)

Other Experientials: Women Other Experientials: Women DressDress"O Prophet! Tell thy wives and

daughters, and the believing women, that they should cast their outer garments over their persons...that they should be known and not molested." [Chapter 33, verse 59 Quran]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hSD8lbHHTc&feature=relmfu

Hijab nijab

Burga

Rituals: PorkRituals: Pork“Lack of morality and shame, greed for

wealth, laziness, indulgence, dirtiness and gluttony”

"He has only forbidden you dead meat, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and any (food) over which the name of other than Allah has been invoked. But if one is forced by necessity, without willful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits, then Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." verses 2:173, 5:3, 6:145, and 16:115 of the Qur'an.

Other RitualsOther RitualsAlcohol, gambling, drawing living

creatures and smoking is haram (prohibited)

A Muslim man is not permitted to marry a non-Muslim woman unless she becomes Muslim; but he can marry a Christian or a Jewish woman

A Muslim woman is not permitted to marry a non-Muslim man, even a Christian or a Jew, unless he becomes a Muslim

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igDRyJgES2E&fb_source=message

Ethics: ShariaEthics: ShariaSharia “Path” (aka Islamic Law)Influences legal law“Marriage and divorce are the most

significant aspects of Sharia, but criminal law is the most controversial”

Five Hadd crimes – defined by Qur'an

Punishable by stoning, exile, and execution

Place of WorshipPlace of WorshipIslamic MosquesUsually contain

- Minbar: sermons are given from- Mihrab: direction of Mecca- Musalla: Prayer Hall- Prayer Rugs: cleanliness- Shoe Shelves: no shoes allowed

Holy DayHoly DayMuslim’s Sabbath is on Friday,

“The Day of AssemblyCelebrate Jumu’ah (Friday

Prayer)- Takes place of daily noon prayer- Takes place at a mosque- Imam’s (religious leaders) give a

Khutbah (sermon)- Pray as one Ummah (community)

Holy PlacesHoly PlacesMecca, Saudi Arabia

- Holiest City in Islam- The Grand Mosque & Ka’ab/Kaaba

Medina, Saudi Arabia- City of the Prophet- The Prophet’s Mosque

Jerusalem, Israel- Qubbat as-Sakhrah (Dome of the Rock)- Al-Aqsa Mosque (Fartherst Mosque)

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Dom

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Jeru

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9th month of the Islamic calendarMonth-long fast during daylightGoal

- purify the soul- focus on Allah- self-sacrifice

Laylat al-Oadr (Night of Power)- Towards the end of Ramadan- Celebrates when the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to Muhammad.

Eid al-Fitr (The Festival of Fast-Breaking)- Celebration at the end of Ramadan

Holiday: RamadanHoliday: Ramadan

Holiday: HajjHoliday: Hajj12th month of the Islamic Calendar Part of the Five Pillars of FaithPilgrimage to MeccaDay of Arafat

- One day of the Hajj, pilgrims gather at the Plain of Arafat to seek God's mercy- Globally, Muslims fast for the day

Eid al-Adha- The Festival of Sacrifice- End of Hajj

SectsSects

SunniMajority of

MuslimsSaudi Arabia,

Egypt, Yemen, Pakistan

Respect Imams but do not give them a divinity

State is in charge, not Imam

Shiite10-15% of WorldIran, Iraq, Bahrain,

AzerbaijanBelieve Imams are

descendents of the Prophet

Imam is in charge, not state (ex: Iran)

Sects: Succession Sects: Succession DifferencesDifferencesSunniAfter Muhammad’s

death, Abu Bakr became Islam’s leader

Was not a blood relation to the Prophet

Caliph should be chosen based on piousness, not blood

ShiiteWanted Ali, 4th

caliph, to become the leader

Was the closest blood relation to the Prophet

Caliph should be chosen based solely on blood

Sects: GeographySects: GeographyPale Green

SunniDark Green

Shiite

1.57 Billion followers

23% of the World(CNN/Pew Forum 2009)

SymbolsSymbolsThe Star and Crescent

- Not originally Muslim- Icon adopted during the spread of Islam - Controversial in the Muslim world

Allah in Arabic

Works CitedWorks Cited http://www.majorreligions.com/muhammad.php

http://www.religioustolerance.org/isl_intr.htm

http://www.patheos.com/Library/Islam/Ritual-Worship-Devotion-Symbolism/Sacred-Time.html

http://islam.about.com/od/holidays/f/holidays.htm

http://www.themodernreligion.com/misc/hh/pork.html

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_food_Muslim's_can_or_cannot_not_eat

http://www.islamproject.org/education/Africa_Mideast_etc.html

http://www.proprofs.com/flashcards/story.php?title=prophet-muhammad

http://islam.about.com/od/history/a/crescent_moon.htm

http://www.islamicity.com/mosque/uiatm/un_islam.htm

http://library.thinkquest.org/28505/islam/fivep.htm

http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/beliefs.htm

http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/medina.htm

http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/jerusalem.htm

http://www.sacredsites.com/middle_east/saudi_arabia/mecca.html

http://photos-universe.blogspot.com/p/khana-kaba-wallpapers.html

http://www.athirady.info/?attachment_id=109330&sess=9d0856f5a0acc18b649702d735bc6b02

http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/domeofrock.html

http://bazamesuffa.6te.net/gallery.html

http://islam.about.com/od/mosques/tp/architecture_parts.htm

http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/islam/religion/index.htm

http://www.truthnet.org/islam/whatisislam.html

http://www.islam101.com/women/hijabfaq.html

http://www.religionnews.com/index.php?/rnsblog/whats_the_difference_between_hijab_burqa_etc/

http://www.cctv.com/program/worldwidewatch/20090717/109130.shtml

http://translate.google.com/?hl=en#auto|ar|Islam

http://middleeast.about.com/od/religionsectarianism/a/me070907sunnis.htm

http://www.oilempire.us/new-map.html

http://articles.cnn.com/2009-10-07/world/muslim.world.population_1_god-but-god-middle-east-distant?_s=PM:WORLD

http://www.cfr.org/religion/islam-governing-under-sharia/p8034

http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/655/

http://www.darolhadith.net/modules.php?name=my_Books&action=-1&bid=14&re=0

http://wisdomproliferation.blogspot.com/2010/06/quran-practical-book.html

http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/1322/what-is-sharia