ISGB - Институт по Океанология · ISGB MADEN TETKiK ve ARAMA TMMOB GEN El MOOORlOGO JEOlOJi MOHENOislERi OOASI ... yam Slr8 karbonat bilc~im1eri vc amorf silikatlar

ISGB

MADEN TETKiK ve ARAMA TMMOB GENEl MOOORlOGO JEOlOJi MOHENOislERi OOASI

5-9 October 2009 Congress Center of MTA

Ankara TU KEY

Slg ~ismik profillerdc (h irbirJerindcn) bariz uyumsuzluklarla avnlan dbrt (4) sismik sekans aymlcdilmi~tir Hcrhir sismik sekans iki vokelim sekansmdEll1 olu-ur (Ia IIa Illa ve IVa olarak numaralanan) alttaki sekanslunn d(~ lik cnelj ili 89tk dcniz lcdimantasyon ortammda lutugu buna kar~Jhk list sekanslann (lb lIb 1m) vilb ek enel] i-Slg su ko~ullan altmda Ylg I~tmlan olumklar oldugu ve muhtWleIen de plaj sedimanlanm temsil ettikleri varsavdlr En Ost sismik kans birkay metre ka lmltgll1 da Gel( Pleistosen (Ycni Oksiniyen) ve Holosen yaiI ve bariz bir a~nma lizeyi u wndc konumlfmun gLll1cel lt(jkeller brtUsil ill ortillUr Sadece kuzey kIta sahanlt gll1da gozlencll en all sismik sekans ([a) baZI helirs izl ikkl ta~lsa da Gurian (Pleislosen-oncesi) ya101 wren (Kuprin ve dik 1984 _ Grigoriev ve dig 1985) analog killerdir e bu yait1l(ldu Pl iosen yl lt olarak altnml5ttr Alt Pleistosen sckans l lly yokdim sekansl (fb IIfl JTlb) iyerir ve dalgalanan ortam ko~llanm yansltr En alt yl)kelim sckanSI (lb ) Gelt Chuudiyen ya~l yerilen (Sh po 1993 ) kumlu sedirnanlarla kllrce edilehilen yl gl~Jm kil tlesidir Ila ybkd Lm sekansmm mce taneli edimanl an tarafmdilll transgr ssif olarak orlulllr llb 9C kclim sekansl Yl gL~lln klltlesi kIUl suhanhgmm deniz y nilnd - bu ki ka-in uzerwde yerahr ve muhtemelen Postchnudien (Mind I) ngrtsyon evrcsinde kl_1 yizgisinin kll1Wl1UnU gosterir Oyll neU sismik sekillls (JTIu ve nIh) Orla Plcistosen (Mindel-Riss) ~ediman lanna karliLk gclir Eski ()ksiniyen sekansmm alt bolilmil (IIla) Nanevo C-5 vc C-4 sondajlannda kclt ilmi~ alan (Kuprio ve dig 1984) kill rden olu~ur l1u sismik sekansm ilst bo lljmU (llIb) kumdan Nanevo alamndaki be7 sondIJda o

Api lska C-2 kUyusLulda bmeklenmi olan kavkt kmnttlanndan olu~an bir yizgise l sITtlar sistemi ile temsil edilir Bu strt lar araslIldaki arahklaf Apri lska lt -3 kuyusunda kesilmi olan daha incc Laneli sed imanJar ile dolduruluL Sismik sekans IVa nm sedimanlarl en buyUk Kua terner Lransgresyonu (Karangati cn-Gey Pleislosen) d()neminde u) ikl im ko~ullarmm varoluugu ve 0 33 -0 aan degerl ere ula5an dcniz SU)11 tuzlulug-U[Uln Karadenizdc mcrcan resifl eri geli ~imini kl~ktrttlgl dttncmde dep )lanm l ~t Jr (Juney Bulgaristan kila sahanhgmll orta bolumlerinde lla dar IVa-ya dcgin him sIsmlk sekanslar Burgaz Cbkil nlUsUniln tum Kuatermr boyunca yokmesinc bagh oIarak ex yilksek k lmllgl sergi lcrkr

Sahanhk sI run (yamay ilc k i5IDC bolgcsi) vakmmdaki 1 Vb yl~l~un kutiesi b Yl yizgisinin Wilrm bum lla dltinernindek i d~iz dilLeyinin maksimum d il ~li~ sergiledigi donemdeki kOl1umunu gbsterir Tilm sahanlrk kettr bo unca ilzerinde plltUalnuclI1m konumlnndlgt su derinLiklcrindeki farkldik kuzey kl ta sahanilgmll1 gore Ii dura)shyk Id1flll1l buna kupIlik orta hbllimlerin ynheldiginL gllnc) bolilmun isc clerinlq ti gini gbsterir Analiar A-elim Ier A~aradel1iz sisl7lik slralig rafi Kuatemet sismik sekans

Non-traditionaJ resources from Black sea bottom and their possible use as complex raw material

D DIMlTROV I Y SHNUKOVl and P DIMITROV I

il Sfilllic aOceanology - BAS Vama Bulgaria rnaraeo(lio-bllsbg 2Deparllll clIl o Marill t reologv and Sed im enlllry Ore Formation alional Academy oScience 0the Ukraine

IlikalnWSIampllailru

The deepsea organogenic-mineral (sapropelic diatomic and coccolithophoridic) sediment O)SOMS) of Black Sca are buill mainl_ of nano-~ized materials hich can find application in the modern nanotechnologies new material The lIrst c periments conduct d indlpendently by Ukrain ian and Bulg3Iian researchers on the material applied as a natural organic tertil iz r show sharp improvement of soil structure alkalinity increase 1l1oi content absorb the prot s of maturing and increases yields The series of DSOMS experiments_ performed experts from the Inslitute of Agricultur~ und r the Ukrainian Agricultu ra l Academy of Sciences on soi ls from POlesIC lmd on black eru1h wooded steppe orlands contaminated it11 radionuclides (up to 15 KuIkm shO Lba amount of the inlported fertili7ers rna) be reduced 17 times and their elTiciency incrcased bv 20-30 The [lractJ unlimited stocks the Jow cost estimates for this raw material in its application in the sphere of new materials and vvith nanotechnologies as well as the opportunities for application in agricultural technologies ceramics phann f od additive and other applications makes it a complex raw material for multiple purposes Contacts shyestablished bolh with private companies and jth the Organization for m ack Sea Econom ic Cooperation (B E( acquaint them with Ihe obtained know-how and to create partnerships suppo11ing the introduction of th mateli als and t hnologjes The project implementation wil l con tribule to the devcopment of the Insti l ~

OCtMology undcr the Bulgarian Academy 1)[ Sciences and the State Science institution Department of Geolog and Sedimentary Ore FOffi13tion of the National Academy of Sciencl of the Ukraine which will b natural scientific cen tre in the sphere of new materials and marine resources

The implementaLion or the project il1 allow the joinL work on the evaluation of DSOMS deposits and a~essmcnt of the opportunities to atisfy the needs of the industry of both countries with a multipurpose material to continue This ill lead to the renewal of the sci nt iii c and technical cooperation bctween the

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countries in the sphcrc of research and util ization of Black Sea resources It can be ex-pected that the developmcrtt and introduction of DSOMS into the 8gIicultural sector will lead to enhancemen t of tbl competi tiveness of the scientific and tedmical potential of the tO countlies and creation of new science-intensive teclmologies lead ing to the rdc~ of new materials and products on the world market vvllich will contribute t0r the signiftcfUlt improvement of the quality of life

The B lack Sea DSOMS arc currently in a peat stage of their development Beclluse of the anoxIc environment in which the sediments deposit they do not pass the stage of complete decay and in semi--decayed state the) are conserved in the hydrogen sulfide one Considering the [act that the sapropelic diatomic and coccoli thophOlidic Jaycrs penetrate within each other and represent a comparatively homogeneous mixture they will be discussed a comple organogenic mineral raw m aterial in which the sapropels occupy about 80 of the total volume DSOMS are valuable not only for their organi c matter but also for thtir carbonate component and the amorphous silicates The mineral and organic parts contain micro-components such as calcium magnesium iron alurnin wn manganese and some others more th an 20 micro -elements which are contained m concentrations exceltXling many times those in soils thus being an important stImulant for Ule plants growth

DSOMS an used as a complex fel1i li er or as a componen t togelllLT with other mineral stimulants - perli te zeolitc TIle sediments excel them in agro-technical properties SedimtI1 ts can be used directly in the soil in natural state without additional processing of the raw material O ther important advantages are

Unlimited supplies o[ raw material in the waler area which is loca ted at depUls of 200 to 2200 ill The content of the organic matter increases with the increase of depth The possihk exploitation of the raw m ateri al will not have negative consequences on Ule marine envi ronment The indwtrial supplies arc located at great depth within the hydrogen su lfide zone in which life does not exist The exp loitation will have m ecologically positive effe(t th at will influence though slowly the level of lht hydrogen sulfide zone The dying 110ra and fauna of the Black Sea serve as an initial substance for DSOMS As a result of the activiti es of the anoxic baetcria_the dy ing flora and fmma pas the tnmSfOlTIlation process of animal and plant plankton and benthos and form biolithic-m ineral substance with peculiar physic-mechanical and biogeochemical properties

Keywords Deepsea organogenic-mineral sediments (DSOkfS) sapropelic diatomic coccolithophoidic H~ raw material agro-wneliomnt biosti11l1lIans natllral bioproduCIS hioagricullUmllechnologies new malerials

Karadcniz labanmda gelenekscl-olmayan kaynaklar vc bu kaynaklann kan~ak hammadde olarak kullamlma olaslhgl

Karodcnizin organik koken li-mineraJ edimanlan (sapropclik di yatomik ve kokolitofOlik) (DSO~) agu-Uk h olarak modem nanoteknolojilerdc ve yeni malzemelerde uygulama alam bulunabileeek o lan nano-boyutlu gereyten yap lldlr Ukraynah ve Bulgar ara~tmclar taraJmdan dogal organik gDbre olarak kullal11lan hammaddeler konusunda ayn ve baglmslz olarak yurutD lcn ilk deneyler Loprak yaplsmda ve alkaliliktc ani iy ile~meler suglaml ~ nem iycrigini artlrml olgunlama surecini ozumle(t)m ijtir Ukraynu Tanmsal Bilimtr Akademisi btmyesindeki Tanm Enstirusu uzmanlarl tarafll1dan radyon iikk idlerle kirhmni (en 90k 15 KukJl11

) Belorus ve siyah toprakh agayhk step alanlanndan alman toprak orneklerinde yurutulen DSOMS deneyJeri serisi katlan gObre miktanrun J7 kat azaldlg1l11 ve gObrelerin etkisinin 20-30 arttlgml gosterir Bu hammaddelerin pratik1e smuSLZ kavnaklan ye yen i malzemeler dunyasmda uygulanmas lllda nanoLekno lojiler ile kulIamlmasmda vc aynca tanm teknolojilerinde seramik sanayinde eCLaclhkta glda katkl maddeleri olarak ve diger uygul ama alanlan ndaki du~uk mnliyet tahminleri bu hammaddekri yoklu amaylar iyin kull am labilen yokl u-kullanunl hammadddcre dbnutllrilr Bu harnmaddeler konusunda bilgilendinnek patent almak ve yeni maizemeler ve teknolojilcr yahm alIDlll des tekleycll ortakhklar olu~turmak iyin hem ozel firm alarla hem de Karadeniz c konomik l~b irlig i Orgtltii ilt baglan tl kLu1J lacaktlr Projcnin a~ama geciri lmesi Bulgaristan Bi Iimlcr Akademisi bilnyesilldeki Deniz Bilimleri Ensti tlisO nOn ve yelli rn al7emeler ve denizel kaynaklar alan mda dogal bilimsel merkez o lacak olan Ukrayna lJlusal Bilimler Akademisi bunyesindeki Dcvlet Bilim KW1Jlu~1I Deni7 Jeolojisi ve Scdimanter Ccher Olu ~umu Departmal11mn geJi ~mesine katklda bulwlacaKllr

ProJtnin gcryekle~tirilmesi DSOMS yataklal1l1ln degerlendiri lmesi ve her iki Ulkc sanayilerinin ltoklu- tullanll11h hammadde ihtiyaylannm saptal1maSI konu~und a ortak yal l~l11a zemin i ~aglavacak t lr Bu Karudeniz kayn aklannm aratmlmaS l ve kull anlmasl alanmda iki li lke ansmdaki bihmsel ve teknik i ~b irligin in yenilenmesine ve sllITI1esine olanak taIllyacak llr -

DSOMSun tarml sek(()runde uyguianmasl ve ge]j ~tirilmesimn ik i illkenin h ilimsel ve teknik potansiyclinin rckabet gDeuniln artmasma ve ya~am kal itcsini Onemli b lyOde vukselten yeni ilriln ve teknolojilerin dilnya pazanna yikmas1l11 saglayacak yeni bilim-yogwl teknolojilerin orctilmesi sonueunu dogunnasl bekJcnir

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Karaden iz DSOMS ka naklan gUnilmuzde geli~im1erinlll turba a1amasmdadlf Sedimanlann ylgl~tlgl anoksik (oksijeniz) ortam nedcniyle bu sedimanlar tam Cfurilme a~Illasilla g~emakr ve hidroJen suLfi t zonunda yan shyltturilmu durwnda konmurlar Sapropdik Uiyatomik vc kokoliloforitik katlann birbirlcri iyine gCYLig i e nisbeten homoJcn bir kan~1l1l 1 Ornckledikleri geryegi dikkate almdl~nda hu cdimanlar kan lk organik kokenli mineral hammadde olarak tartJnlacak ve apropellcr toplam incelemenin yaklaik 80 bolUmiinO kapsayacaktlr DSOMS

sadeet organik madde iyerikleriyle de~il yam Slr8 karbonat bilc~im1eri vc amorf silikatlar nedcnivlc de dcger talflar lnorganik ve rganik ktSlmlar Ca Mg Fe AI Mn ve dig-erlen gibi mikro-bile~nleri iccrirler Toplam olantk 20 yi akm mlkro-c1emcntten s)zedilebilir Bu dementI[ yogu kez toprak ta oldugtUldan daha konsantre biyimde jCferilirler ve bu nedenlc de bitki geliiminde 0nemli uyan cldlrlar

DSOMS kan~ik giibre ya da diger inorganik (mineral) uyanc llarl L perljt ve leolitle birlikr bileen olarak ullamlabilir Bu sedirnanlar tan msal-tekTlik ozellikl ri aylSlndan yak iyidirlcr Bu sedimanlar ek ileme grek

kalmakSlZlD top raga dogal durum lan ile uygulanahi lirler Diger oncmli ihtglinlUklcri ~yle (iLcUenebilir -200 ile 2 000 metre derinlikler araslDda SlmrslZ harnmadde kaynaklan Organik madde iyerigi derinligin artllma bagh larak mar -Hammadde kaynaklan nm il ti Imesi denizel ortum uzcrinde o1LUl1luz sonu9lara yolaymayacaklJr Sanuyi kaynaklun bDyok derin likte ya3mlll varoImadl-l hidrojen sul fi t zonunda yerahr YatakJarm i~cti lmesi yava gdi~sc de hldrojen sulfit zonUDun dOlcyini etkiJ yecek olan ckolo1ik nyldan ol urnlu etki yaratacaktrr -Karadeniz in olen nora ve faunas DSOMS un ilk maddesini ol~tlrrur Oksijensiz (lrtam baterilcrinlll faaliyct inin sonucunda Olen 110ra ve faw1a d6no~om sureei etkisine girer ve Mgltn ftziksel-mekunik ve bjyo jeokimy ~ lta1 ozelliklcr tao Iyan biolitik-inorganik maddeIere d6nU~O r AnahlGI Ke limeler Derill deniz organik k6kenli-rnillera sedimana11 sapOpelik diyatomik kokolitocnik d Jo)

lIammadde tanmsal-iyileJcirici biyo-uyanctlal daga hiyo -iiniuer biyo-taJllIl tef-nolojileri yen i maddeler

Ancient coastlines of the Black Sea snd conditions for buman presence

D DIMlTROV K SLA VOVA and P DlMlTROV

III middottillle ojOce(lllolagy-BAS I ama Blllgaria margtoa io-bubg

The subject of ancient coastlines of the Black Sa and ihe conditions for their hah itation also known as the theory of goo-catastrophic event in lhe newest history f the basin is very topical and has triggeroo lots of discussions Convincing evideme was obtained at the beginning f the 1980s of the presence of an ancient coo tline in the Black Sea located at depths of 90 - 120 m and aged about X Ul )usanu years BP It was also middotmiddottahlished that more thU1 8000 years ago the llIack Sea was a freshwater lake here is und isputahle geologic evidence discoerru a a result of the scientific research work of lh lns~tute of Oceal ology of the c tastrophic events lhat took place about 8000 years ago It is also complemen ttXI by archeological eV idence - An old coastline of lhe haSln locatoo at modern depths of 90 - 120 m and agld more than 8000 ycars wai discovered - 1 direct consequence of the cataillophe was the formation of deep waler organogen ic - mineral scdimlDts shysapropels on the B lack Sea bed as a single 1Uld continuous horizon over a large area or the basin space about 7500 years ago BP - TIle hydrogen sulfide contamination of the baiin occurred about 7500 ears ago BP - The presence of Neolithic and Eneolithic necropolises along tl1e coast as well as the oldest crafted gold in the world (necropolis f Vama) is evidence of the human hahitation of that region - Discovery of ruins of an ancient sett lement and artlfacts pointing to human presence along the old coasts in the valley of Paleo-Pro adiJska River - The genetic investigations shO- that an ancient human population originated in our lands and migrated about noo year ngo to Europe and Asia The time r the settlement of these people in dffernl places coin ides with the lime of the occurrence of the goo-catastrophic events in the Black ca - The analyses of the spore and pollen spectra ()f the stud ied region show presence of cl[eais during the mentioned period evidencing the beginnmg of agriculture in the region

The above arguments al low us to presume that the area 0 the ancient coat wcre inhab ited by pe pIe who laid th fOlmdations of an ancient civ il izal1on

The Bulgarian and the European scientitic communities were urpri sed by thl theory of goo-catastrophic cvenL~ in the Black Sea Their ini ti al reaction was a complcte rejection of the hypoth~Si _ however after the publishing of the book of the American geologists William Ryan and Waltc[ Pitman --Nonhs lood and 1at11middot th book of the

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B ulgarian researchcrs P Dimitrov and D Dimitrov The Black Sca tht Flood and the ancient myths the twmoil calmed down Tbe arguments in favour of the theory were very convincing to be categorically rejected Numerous expeditions were perfonned in the B lack Sea and in the Mediterranean Sea to revise the theory An international project IGCP-52 1 (UNESCO) uniting th e efforts of European scienti)ts was created to carry out a critical analysis of the existing arguments in support of the theory of the geo-catastrophic events in the Black Sea Unfortunately apart from the Bulgarian-American expeditions performed in 200 I and 2002 to search for remains of ancient settlements and necropolises in the region of the old coa)ts under the NOAH Project most expedition) were intended to refule the existing geologic and oceanographic evidence of the geo-catastrophe ill the Black Sea

lL should be taken into aceoWlt that the new scientific discoveri(S are pioneering and their purpose is to change history and disprove the centuries-old ideas or the place of the most ancient human civilization

The sites to be examined fal l within the region of the paleo-val ley of Provadijska River and Bay of Bmgas There are numerous rock banh which might bc possible si tes of ancient metallurgy and salt production They are poorly studied at the present stage Especially interesting is the Cockcuice sand bank whicb was probably fanned over the C(l1ter of an ancient Neolithic settlement Chimovo bank from the surface of which was extracted copper slag shyevidence of metallurgic activity The implementation of this project will lead to a re-assessment of the role of ProtoshyBulgarian and ancient European civilization in world culture and heritage

The foundations of a theory ab le to change the existing concepts of the most ancient human history and civi lization which originated along the banks of tbe ancient Pontic Lake will be laid using a complex of mterdisciplinary rcsearch works in the sphere of oceanography geology geoarchaeology archeomythology and genetics KeY4Jords Geocataw ophic events stratigraphic scale sea level geo-catastlVphic event Flood

Karadenizin eski kl)1 ~izgileri ve insaDln varhgml siirdiinnesi i~in ko~ullar

Havzanm yok yakm gClaquorni ~indck i jco-katastroftk o laylar teori olarak da bilinen Karadcniz in eski byJ yizgileri ve bu hOlgelere yerlcim iyin ko~ul l ar konum gOneeldir ve yok sayJda tart~a ve incelemeyc yolayllll~hr Karadeniz middotin 90-120 metre dcrinbkte konumlu ve guniimUzdel1 sekiz binYII (8000) oncesme tarihJendirilcn eski bir klYl yizgisi old u~una inanillran b rut I 980 k-rin ba~lDda saglaruTlJ~llr Yine hu donemden tgtnce Karadeniz in bir latbshy~u golU oldugu saptanrrlJ ~llI Dcniz DilimJeri Enstitiisii niln bilimsel ar~tlIma1an sonucWlda buJunm~ olan giiniimQzden yak la~]k 8 000 Yll once olu~ui kalastro ftk olaylara i li ~kin k~l yllulamaz bir jeoloj ik karuttlr sozkonwsu olan Bu bulgu arkeolojik karutlarla tamamlanlI -Havzlliull gOntimilzdc 90- 120 metre su derinliginde konumlu ve giinOml1zden 8000 yth a~km bir d6ncm Oncesmc tarihlenen eski bir klYl-yizgisinin oldugu bulw1IT1UilUr -Katastrofun do~dan sonueu gUnOmozJll1 yakl~tk yedibin be~yti (7 5(0) yJl once Karadcniz tab aru uzerinde bavzada geni~ alanlar boyuoca tek ve su rckli bir seviyc olar ak uzanan organik kokcnli malzcme-inorganik sedimanlar-sapropel ulll~gWJWmiddot -I iavzadaki hidrojen so lfil kirlenmesi de giiniimOzden yakla~lk yedibin bt$)iiz (7 500) Yll once geliirni~ir

-K1YI boyunda ncoli lik ve kalkoli tik vag mezariarullll ve ehir kal mtli annm yan lslra diinyadaki en eski ilenmi~ altmm (Varna ~hir kal mtlslmezaritgl) varilgt b61gedeki insan yerleimmin karu hd II

-Pako-Provadijska Innagl vadisindeki esk i b Yl boyunca insanlarm varhgmliaret eden eski bir yerl~im alanl kalmtllannm ve el-aletlcrinin hulunmaSl -Genctik ara~tlDnal ar topraklaruTlJzdo cski bir insan (oplulugunun ortaya yikl1glru ve gilnGmilZden yakJ~lk 7 800 (yedihin sekizyuz) yll once Avrupa ve Asya ya g09Cttigin i g6sterir Bu lopluluklann degj~ik yorelerdeki yerle~im tarihi Karadenizdeki joo-katasl1-ofik o laylann olu~ tarihi ile uyu~ur -ltah~l11a a1anmdaki ~P0r ve polen daglltml an a lizleri sllzkonusu doncmde tahlliann varhgml gbsterir ve bu bulgu tanrrun balanglcIDl kanltlar

Bu kamtlar eski klYI bOlgelerinde cski uygarhgm tcmelll1i ni atml~ olan insanJann yerlc~ oldugunu kabul ctmenlizi saglar

Bulgar ve Avrupa bilim camiasl Karadcnizmiddotde jeo-katastrofi k olaylar teorisi ile akmllga dU~to 11k tcpkileri hu hipotczi wmden reddctmekti aneak Amerikalt jeologlar Walter Pil1nan ve William Ryanm kaleme aldlgI Nub Turanl vc ardmdan Bulgar aral1rmaCllar P Dimitn) ve D Dimitrovm yazltlgl KaradenizTufan Ie esk i soy lcncd er adh kitap larm yaYlmlanmas1l1dan sonra ortahk duruldu Tcoriyi desteklcyen kamLiar katcgorik olarak reddcdikmcyecck olyude inandmclydl Teoriyi gozden geltinnck amaclyla Karadeniz lC Akdcniz e saYlslz incclcme gehsi diiZenlcndi Kwmiddotadenizdeki jco-katastr()[lk olay lar tcorisim des LekJcyen eldeki kamtlarm cle~irel analizi iyin AVJ1lpalJ bilim-insan larmm yabalanl1l hirle~1iren uJuslararaSl bir proje IGCP-521 (UNESCO) oJ~luruldu Ne yazJk l i NUl l ProJ csi ~ryevesjnde bolgedc eski kJ Yl alan lar1l1daki cski yerl~imlerin ve me7arilklarm kalmtJlar1l11 aramak

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iyin 2001 yllmda ~11riittllcn Bulgar-Ameribn inceleme gezileri d I ~mdaki ge7ilerin yogu Karadeniz deki jeoshykatastroiik olaya ili~in eldeki J olojik e o~inogralik kam tl an cilrii tmc amaylIvd l

Ycni bilimsel k~illerin OIlCU ve amllylannll taribi degilinnek ve en eski insan lop iulugulllln ~a~am y6resi konusundaki yLizlerce ydlIk gOrii~lerin yan lI~hgmI ka11ltlamak o ldll gU gozden Irak tutu lmamalidIr

lnceleme konultll alan alanlar Provadllska limagl palco-vadisi ve BurgaL Korfezi bOlgesindedir Eski metalurji ve tuz uretirn alanl an olmasI muhlemel yak saYlda kayay seli bulunrnaktadtr Bu sctlerlYlgmlar yok az yaI Il lTII~ttr Bir Neolitik ltfag yerle~iminin merke7inde olu~(turul )mu~ olmasI muhtemel Cockctricc kum scti 6zdlikle ilguH tir Yuzeyinden balm CLlrufu ylkan lmli olan Chimovo seti m talurji faa liyetinin kamtIdtr Bu projenin geryekle~tirilme i

ve tamamlamnnsl ilk Bulgar ve esk i Aw upa uygarlI gmm dunya kiil ttir mirasmuaki rolo kon ugtunda yeni bir degerlend inueye yolacacaktumiddot

Eski Karadeniz G6 1u kIYI setleri boyunda kokenlenmi~ olan en eski insan talih i ve u garlL k konusundaki g)rO~ 1 Ii dl~~irebikgt(ek gUyteki teorinin temelleri o ~inografi jeoloJ i jeo-arkeoloj i arkeo-mitol Ji Vl gcn lik Jiinyasmda di siplinler-ara~ l ara tIrma programlan ile atIiacaktrr Analtar Kelimeler Jeakatastmjik alaylor stratigrafik Dlqek deniz diizeyi rl~an

The geologic evolution of the Romanian Black Sea area during the Oligocene-Pliocene time

Comeliu DINU Donna TAMBREA2 and loan MU TEANU I

JFaculty oGeology and Geophysics University 0Bu arst 6 Tmian Vuia S I 703 1-1 lIucharest Romania comeliudilHlqg lIniblle ra

2Dallub ian Energy Consulting SRL _ S iveSlnt St 6th SlI ite 020735 Bucharest Romania

The Romanian Black Sea offhore is located in the e tension or U1e two m ain onshore stmctural units the North D hr gea f olded I3elt and the Moesian PIaU Im separated by the Peceneaga-Camcna Fault The eastem par1 of the Moesian Platform is d ivided by the Capidava-Ovidiu Fault U1 Central Dobrogca (an uplilled block di splaing plaUltlrm basement) and South Dobrogeu (Sandu lescu 19~4) The southern orogen ic structures of the N0l1h Dobrogca are overlain by the Upper Albian to Campanian sedIments of the Babadag Basin op ned lik~ a half-graben basin border upon Babadag Fault lo the North Offshore III IT nl ~lr 8abadag Basin as developed Tlislria Depression border upon Ileracl ea Fau lt to the Nor1h and Pecenega- amena lau lt to the SOUU1 fil led with Cretaceous - Earl Paleogene deposits All these geological unils vere covered by a very thick Late PalcogcIleshyPliocene sedin1entary sequence

The subsidence ltmd tectonic evolution of the Romanian Black Sea as analysed in time b many authors considering that the main evolution of the Black Sea area took place in Early Cr tacwus-Eocene time l aking in consideration that th pcri0d of evolution fro m Oligocene till present a3 considreci by man authors like a quiet time interval in which th - sedimentary hasin was filled we demonstrate that the fill ing was produce under differentiate subsidence and tectonic activity of different sectors Oligocene-Pliocene subsidence or the Romanian Black Sea area was anal ysed using standard lD backstripping techniques for individual wells combined in a fe sections and contour maps The study revealed accelerated subsidencl during the Oligocene and Pontian time in the lJaslem part of the Romanian Continental Plateau in direct relationship with the evolution of the mod m l1Jack Sea basin

A part of the old tectonic leature as reactivated in Early-Middk Oli occne fl ll lt ~d N-S faults that created the accommodation space for the Oligocene deposi ts In the same Lime a lateral movement related with the Crimean and Great Caucasus orogen ic process created the trike slip movement in Porli ta and Silloe area The last stage of the Oli gocene basu1 was charactelised by an onlap tilling and a thelmal suhsidence At the and f Oltgoeene and the hcginiling of Early M iocene a calm tectonic as assoc iated ith some the eros ion features in the western part of the Romanian B lack Sea area creatu1g the small dcpressiolls fi ll J hv very thin 13adeniun iaImatian deposits The calm tectoni n tinucs in Meoti n time till heginning of the P ntian wh~n part of the Oligocene faults was reactivated and the tectonic subsidence begun again The cn)lution or the Pontian presented tree stages an agradationnal stage affected by gravi tational faults a progradat ional stage emd fi nished w itb an agradat ional stage This last agradational parasequences group of the Pontian was the transition through the Dacian-Quatemarv deposits that were characterized by the Danube deep-sea fan forma tion and evolution Keywords Oligocenc-Pliulene lim e slibsidellce tectonic Dinu CWong HK Tambrea D Matem)o 1 (2005)- Strat igraphic and structura l characteri~ tics of the Ror1lttnian Black Sca

heIr Tectonophysics 410 (1-4)4 17--435 andulescll M(J 984) - Geotectonics of Romania (in Romanian ) EdTchnica Bucharest 450 pp

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