-
Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information
Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a
practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure
access to information under the control of public authorities, in
order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of
every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the
Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public,
particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the
pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety
standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of
this information in an accurate manner to the public.
इंटरनेट मानक
“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”
“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru
“Step Out From the Old to the New”
“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti
Sangathan
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता
है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”
है”ह”ह
IS 7448 (1974): Method for evaluating strength of reactivedyes
(monochlorotriazinyl type) by dyeing test [TXD 7:Textile Sizing and
Finishing Materials]
-
IS : 7448 - 1974
Iradian Standard METHOD FOR EVALUATING STRENGTH OF REACTIVE DYES
( MONOCHLOROTRIAZINYL
TYPE) BY DYEING TEST
Dyestuffs Sectional Conimittee, TDC 38
Chaimiarr Representing
SHRI B. V. SHAH The Atul Products Limited, Atul
Mernbcrs
SHBI B. M. BRAHME (Alternate to Shri B. V. Shah )
SRRI C. R. ASNANI The Century Spg & Mfg Co Ltd, Bombay SHRI
D. R. SHALHMA ( Alternate )
SHHI K. S. BHARGAVA Rohtas Industries Limited, Dalmianagar SHEI
M. G. BHARCAVA Ministry of Defence ( R & D ) SHRI B. V. BHATT
The Ahmedabad Manufacturing & Calico Printing
Co Ltd, Ahmedabad SHRI K. G. SHAH ( Alternate )
SHEX S. K. BOSE National Test House, Calcutta DR S. CHATTERJEE
Suhrid Geigy Trading Limited, Bombay
SHRI R. N. WADIA ( Alternate ) SHRI N. H. DESAI Ahmedabad
Textile Industry’s Research Association,
Ahmedabad DR R. D. DESAI M. G. Science Institute, Ahmedabad
S&RI JOGINDER SINQH Directorate General of Technical
Development,
New Delhi SHR~ V. S. KENUARE Wool Research Association, Bombay
‘.+&RI H. C. KHATIWALA Arlabs Limited, Bombay DR C. B. KOTHARI
The Textile Association ( Ind:a ),
Ahmedabad RetA
SHRI T. A. SUIIRAMANIAM ( A&mate ) DR A. Y. KUI.KARNI Indian
Jute Industries’ Research Association,
Calcutta SHRI G. A. KULKARNI
SHRI S. V. DESAI ( Altsmate) Amar Dye-Chem Ltd, Bombay
DR G. G. KUtKARNI Chika Limited, Bombay’ SHRI S. T. CHARI (
Alternate )
DR K. I. NARASI~MHAN Office of the Textile Commissioner, Bombay
SHRI K. S. BHUJAIW (Alternate)
Da B. M. PATEI. I. C. I. ( India ) Private Limited, Calcutta
SHRI Y. R. MERTA ( Alternate )
SHRI RAJENDER.~ SHANKAR Indian Dyestuff Industries Ltd, Bombay
SHHI S. G. PAHULXAR (Alternate )
( Cant inued on page 2 )
Q Co@yright 1974 INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act
(XIV of 1957 ) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means
except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to
be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
-
1 -_ --
IS : 7448 - 1974
( Continued ff om pag* 1 )
Members Representing
SHRI R. RAMAKBISRNAN Binny Limited, Madras DR C. R. RAMACEANDRAN
( AHcrnafc )
DR J. M. RANE Hickson & Dadajee Ltd, Bombay SHRI H. V.
DRARWARKAR ( Altdrnatr )
SEBI M. N. RAO The Indian Paint Association, Calcutta SHRI N. S.
BEARTIA ( AOemafr )
SERI T. SADASIVAN Giba of India Limited, Bombay SHRI M. N.
KROPKAR ( Altrmalc )
SHBI SANTOXH SINWI National Chemical Industries, New Delhi Sam
N. S. SARAIYA The Bombay Textile Research Association, Bombay thi~l
K. A. SHAH TheEze;i u; Cotton Manufacturmg CO Ltd,
L SERI K. M. SHAH The Millowners’ Association, Bombay DRR.V.R.
SURRAYANIAN The Silk & Art Silk Mills’ Research
Association,
Bombay SHRI S. M. CHAKRAE~RTY, Director General, IS1 (
fix-oficio Mgmbar )
Director ( Tex )
SHRI D. R. KOHLI
Deputy Director ( Tex ), IS1
Reactive Dyes Subcommittee, TDC 38: 6
SKRI B. M. BRARME
Members
Atic Industries Limited, Atul
SERI S. R. IYER (Alternate to _-~ Shri B. M. Brahme )
SHRI S. V. GOKEALE AhmeJ$az;;tile Industry’s Research
Association,
SHRI. J. C. ISSRANI .Ths Dye-stuffs Manufacturers’ Association
of India, Bombay
SHRI SHI~ARHAI A. PATEL ( Altarnate ) DR K. C. KASHATRIYA M. G.
Science Institute, Ahmedabad SHRI G. A. KULKARNI Amar Dye-C&em
Ltd, Bombay DR G. G. KULKAIXNI Chika Limited, Bombay
SHRI S. T. CHABI ( Altmnate) SERI S. G. PARULHAR Indian Dyestuff
Industries Ltd, Bombay
SARI V. R. KARMARKAR ( Af~crncrfc ) DR 8. M. PATEL I.C.I. (
India ) Private Limited, Bombay
SHRI Y. R. MEHTA ( Ahmate) IZJR N. R. RAO Hoechst Dyes &
Chemicals Ltd, Bombay SHRI T. SADASIVAN Ciba of India Ltd,
Bombay
SRRX M. N. K~~OPKAR ( Al¬e ) SERI SAN-TOKH SINWi National
Chemical Industrie-Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
SHIU PRITTHIPAL SINGE ( &mate) SH~I K. A. SHAH TheAtEh@z;
Cotton Manufacturing Co Ltd,
2
-
IS : 7448 - 1974
Indian Standard, METHOD FOR EVALUATING STRENGTH OF REACTIVE DYES
( MONOCHLOROTRIAZINYL
TYPE) BY DYEING TEST
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards
Institution on 8 July 1974, after the draft finalized by the
Dyestuffs Sectional Committee had been approved by the Textile
Division Council.
0.2 Reactive dyes are marketed in different strengths. The
method laid down in this standard for determining the strength of
dyestuff against a mutually accepted standard would be useful for
assessing the strength of dyestuff.
0.3 In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in
accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or
calculated, is to be rounded off, it should be done in accordance
with IS : 2-1960*.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard prescribes a method for determination of
strength of reactive dyes ( monochlorotriazinyl type ) by dyeing
test.
2. SAMPLING
2.1 Lot - All the containers of the same dye and of the same
concentration delivered to a buyer against a despatch note shall
constitute a lot.
2.2 Unless otherwise agreed to between the buyer and the seller,
the number of containers to be selected at random from a lot shall
be as given below:
Lot Size Sunq!de Size 2 to 15 2
16 ,, 25 3 26 ,, 50 51 ,) 100 Z
101 )) 150 6 151 300 301 acd above
7 8
*Rules for rounding off numerical values (rcuid).
3
-
IS I7448 - 1974
-2.3 From each container draw small quantities of dye from at
least 3 different parts by a suitable sampling instrument and mix
them thoroughly to get a composite sample weighing about 20 g. This
shall constitute the test sample.
3. STANDARD DYESTUFF
3.1 The standard sample of dyestuff against which the strength
of dye- stuff under test is evaluated, shall be as agreed to
between the buyer and the seller.
4. QUALITY OF REAGENTS
4.1 Unless specified otherwise pure chemicals shall be employed
in tests and distilled water shall be used where the use of water
as a reagent is intended.
NOTE-‘ Pure chemicals’ shall mean chemicals that do not contain
impurities which affect the test results.
5. EVALUATION OF STRENGTH OF DYESTUFF
5.1 Prepare dyeings of the standard sample of dyestuff (see 3.1)
by following the procedure given in Appendix- A; prepare
simultaneously additional dyeings of the standard sample, with the
percentage variation of dyeing strength by 5 percent on the lower
side of the recommended percentage.
5.2 Simultaneously, prepare dyeings of different percentages of
the dye- stuff under test by following the procedure given in
Appendix A.
5.3 Compare the dyeings as obtained in 5.2 and the dyeings
obtained as in 5.1. Select a dyeing of the dyestuff under test
which exactly matches with one of the dyeings of the standard
dyestuff. Note the percentage of the dyeings which matches
exactly.
NOTE - Before comparing the dyeings, they should be spread out
properly. The dried hanks should be laid side by side in the same
plane and oriented in the same direction. They should be combed to
a uniform thickness to avoid the effects of backing on the
appearance. The hanks should be compared, if possible, in north
skylight. The consistency in strength variation of different
dyeings of standard dyestuff and the dyestuff under test should be
observed. If the strength variations between the two consecutive
dyeings are not constant, the dyeings should be repeated.
6. CALCULATION &;m%zulate the strength of the dyestuff under
test by the following
t s--, x 100 where
S = strength of dyestuff, in percent; A = percentage dyeing of
the standard dyestuff; and B = percentage dyeing of the dyestuff
under test.
4
-
IS : 7448 - X974
7. REPORT
7.1 Report the value obtained as in 6.1 as the strength in
percent of the dyestuff under test.
APPENDIX A ( Clauses 5.1 and 5.2 )
METHOD FOR DYEING REACTIVE DYES (MONOCHLOROTRIAZINYL TYPE)
A-l, APPARATUS
A-l.1 Dye Vessels - porcelain or stainless steel beakers; or dye
vessels provided with mechanically agitated dye-baths.
A-l.2 Graduated Pipettes - capable of measuring correct to 0’1
ml.
A-l.3 Volumetric Flask -calibrated to 500 ml.
A-2. DYEING ASSISTANTS
A-2.1 Water - Distilled water (see IS : 1070-l 960* ) shall be
used in the preparation of the dye-bath.
NOTE -For rinsing, water having hardness of not more than 50 ppm
expressed as calcium carbonate, may be used.
A-2.2 Sodium Chloride Solution or Anhydrous Sodium Sulphate
Solution - 20 percent (m/z!),
NOTE-Quality of sodium sulphate is extremely important.
Commercial brands may be acidic or alkaline, therefore, they shall
be neutralized.
A-2.3 So&urn Carbonate SoIution - 10 percent (m/u ).
A-2.4 Soap Solution - containing 0.3 percent (m/u) of neutral
detergent.
A-3. PREPARATION OF HANKS FOR DYEING
A-3.1 A sufficient number of hanks of scoured, bleached,
unmercerised cotton yarn having no finishing chemicals or blueing
agent shall be used in this test. Each hank should weigh 10 f 0.1 g
(see Note 2).
Norm: 1 -Any yarn normally used in the laboratories for carrying
out trials or yarn of the following requirements is suitable for
this test:
a) Count - 10 tex x 2 or ( 6Os/2 ),
b) Twist per metre - 750, and
c) Cuprammonium fluidity not more than 5 rhes.
*Specification for water, distilled quality ( rsuised).
-
IS : 7448 - 1974
NOTE 2 - If the mass of the hank is not 10 f 0.1 g then it
should be weighed accurately and the amount of. dyestuff and the
chemicals to be taken should be calculated accordingly.
A-3.2 Preparation of the Test Hanks-The hanks shall be treated
in boiling water for 10 minutes, squeezed evenly to contain
approximately its own weight of water, cooled and entered into the
dye-bath.
A-4. PROCEDURE
A-4.1 Preparation of the Dyestuff Solution-Weigh accurately 1’0
g of the dyestuff under test. Paste the dyestuff with cold water
and dissolve by adding warm water ( not higher than 80°C). The
total volume of water used for dissolution of the dyestuff should
not exceed 100 ml. Dilute the solution with cold water and make up
500 ml in a volumetric flask.
A-4.1.1 Similarly, prepare a solution of the standard dyestuff
by following the procedure given in A-4.1 but taking the standard
dyestuff instead of the dyestuff under test.
A-4.2 Dyeing ( for 1 O f 0’ 1 g hank)
A-4.2.1 Pipette out separately the required amount of solution
of dye- stuff under test in the dye-vessels SO as to give 1.9, 2’0
and 2.1 percent depth. Add the requisite quantity of water and 100
ml of sodium chloride solution or anhydrous sodium sulphate
solution to make the volume of the dye liquor 300 ml leaving
sutiient margin for the addition of alkali. Heat the dye-bath to
4O”C, stir the dye liquor and enter the wetted hanks. Raise the
temperature to 80°C in 15 minutes and continue dyeing for further
30 minutes. Turn the hanks frequently so as to obtain level
dyeings. Add 60 ml of anhydrous sodium carbonate solution and.dye
for a further 30 minutes. Remove the dyeings, squeeze the dyed
hanks evenly. Rinse the dyeing first in cold water and then in hot
water. Treat the dyed hanks at boil for 15 minutes in a soap
solution at liquor to material ratio of 30: 1; rinse in cold water
and again treat the hanks at boil for 15 minutes in soap solution
at liquor to material ratio of 30: h Finally, rinse the dyeings in
cold water and dry.
NOTE - For rractioe blue 3, blue 25 and similar products -
Dissolve these dyes at 50”~. Use 50 parts f maximum ) anhydrous
sodium sulphate ( do not use sodium chloride ) and dye at
temrjerature of 90°C:
&thrr addition of alkali - In addition to anhydrous sodium
carbonate solution, add < predissolved caustic soda ( 100
percent ), 2 parts per 1 000 parts of dye liquor soon
after the dye-bath has attained the final dyeing
temperature.
i-4.2.2 Similarly, pipette out separately required amounts of
solution of the standard dyestuff in separate dye-vessels ( see
Note). Dye the
, hanks by following the method given in A-4.2.1. NOTE- The
dyeings with the solutions of the dyestuff under test and of
the
standard dyestuff should be donesimultaneously in the same
water-bath.
6
-
a: ( Reaffirmed 2006 )