1 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. IPv6 u kablovskim mrežama Djordje Vulovic, Systems Engineer, CCIE #16582
1© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
IPv6 u kablovskim mrežamaDjordje Vulovic, Systems Engineer, CCIE #16582
2© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Strategije za uvoĎenje IPv6 u kablovskim mrežama
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3
• Rešiti problem nedostatka javih IPv4 adresa
• Proširiti IPv6 DOCSIS servise
• Ispitati razne opcije za IPv4-IPv6 koegzistenciju (tuneliranje, translacija)
• Posmatrati ostale servis provajdere
• Pronaći najoptimalnije rešenje za uvoĎenje IPv6
TipičnaIPv6
strategija kablovskih operatera
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4
IPv4 i IPv6 koegzistencija (Dual Stack - DS)
• IPv4 /IPv6 prosleĎivanje odmah od CPE-a (i kablovskog modema)
• Podrazumeva mrežu spremnu i za IPv4 i za IPv4
• Najjednostavniji scenario
IPv4 preko IPv6 mreže
• Tuneliranje izmeĎu dual-stack CM/rutera i DS-Lite koncentratora
• Podrazumeva samo IPv6 mrežu
• Pogodan za kasniju fazu uvoĎenja IPv6
IPv6 preko IPv4 mreže
• Tuneliranje izmeĎu dual-stack CM/rutera i 6rd koncetratora
• Podrazumeva samo IPv4 mrežu
• Zahteva promena na CM/ruteru i graničnom ruteru
IPv6 preko IPv4 mreže
• Tuneliranje izmeĎu dual-stack CPE/hosta i 6rd koncetratora
• Podrazumeva samo IPv4 mrežu
• Zahteva promena na CPE/host OS-u i graničnom ruteru
IPv6 <-> IPv4 translacija
• Translacija adresne familije na granično m ruteru
• Pretpostavlja samo IPv6 mrežu
• Zahteva razvoj ALG-ova
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5
• Tehnička superiornostuključuje:
Skaliranje/performanse
Čuvanje IPv4 adresa
Kompleksnost
Cenu
• Jednostavnost primene uključuje:
Promene u mreži
Promene CMTS softvera
Promene CM ili CPE-a
Promene DOCSIS back-end sistema
Tehnička superiornost
Je
dn
osta
vn
os
t p
rim
en
e
Velika
VelikaMala
1
1 Dual-Stack
6RD
DS-Lite
6RD+
NAT64
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8
• Članovi CableLabs-a su postavili IPv6 u razmatranje za DOCSIS 3.0
Cisco je odgovorio sa predlogom za IPv6 arhitekturu i funkcionalnostima
IPv6 je bio meĎu tri najvažnija kandidata za DOCSIS 3.0 funkcionalnosti
• Rezulat: DOCSIS 3.x MORA potpuno podržavati IPv6
• Razlozi za ovakvu odluku:
Povećan adresni prostor za upravljanje CM-ovima
CPE servisi
• Predložene faze:
Faza 1 – upravljanje modemima preko IPv6; IPv6 ruter
Faza 2 – ostale IPv6 funkcionalnosti za CPE servise
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 9
• Pretplatnik će imati mrežu, ne pojedinačne CPE-ove priključene na HFC
Korisnik treba da dobije prefiks veći od /64 (npr /48, /56 itd) za pod-delegaciju u svojoj mreži
• CM mogu biti upravljani isključivo kroz IPv6
Korisnik i dalje može dobijati IPv4 servis
• HFC može imati poseban prefiks za upravljanje modemima i CPE opremom odnosno poseban prefiks za Internet servis
• Za dodeljivanje adresa koristi se DHCPv6 da bi se ispunili zahtevi operatera za kontrolom adresa
• Polja, opcije i podopcije iz DHCPv4 su redefinisane kao vendor-specific opcije u DHCPv6
10© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
CORETo
InternetHOME /
SMB
HOME /
SMB
CMTSrouter
HFCCM2
bridge
Management prefix: 2001:DB8:FFFF:0::/64
Service prefix: 2001:DB8:FFFE:0::/64
Customer 2 prefix: 2001:DB8:2::/48
Customer 3 prefix: 2001:DB8:3::/48
HFC link; assigned 2001:DB8:FFFF:0::/64 (mgmt) and 2001:DB8:FFFE:0::/64 (service)
Customer 2 premises link; assigned 2001:DB8:2:1::/64
Customer 3 premises link; assigned 2001:DB8:3:1::/64
Access model 1
Access model 2
Access model 3
CPE1
CPE2
CPE3
CPErouter
CMrouter
MSO admin domainCustomer admin domain
Servers• DHCP, DNS• TFTP• TOD• Management
DOCSIS 3.x IPv6Reference Architecture
CM1bridge
11© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
CMrouter
HFC link; assigned 2001:DB8:FFFF:0::/64 (mgmt) and 2001:DB8:FFFE:0::/64 (service)
Customer 3 premises link 0; assigned 2001:DB8:3:0::/64
Customer 3 premises link 1; assigned 2001:DB8:3:1::/64
Customer 3 premises link 2; assigned 2001:DB8:3:2::/64
CPE
CPE
CPE
CPE
CPE
wirelessaccess point
ethernetbridge
CM router receives 2001:DB8:3::/48
through prefix delegation; assigns /64
prefixes from 2001:DB8:3::/48 to
customer network links
CMTSrouter
HFC
Home/SMB
Network
Access Model 3 – Zoom In View
MSO admin domain
Customer admin domain
DOCSIS 3.x IPv6Reference Architecture
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 12
• DOCSIS 3.0 uvodi novu MDD (Mac Domain Descriptor) poruku
• Na primarnim DS kanalima MDD poruka sazdrži MDD zaglavlje i kao skup TLV-ova i pod-TLV-ova
Na neprimarnim kanalima sadrži ID primarnih DS kanala
• MDD sadrži informacije poput:
Spiska DS kanala
Topologiju servisne grupe odnosno optičkog čvora koja je konfigurisana na CMTS-u
Tip IPv4/IPv6 provisioning-a
Mod može biti promenjen varijablom saMddIpModeOverride u CM konfiguraciji
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 13
CESNA 3.2
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Cable1/0: size 274 mdd_tlv_size 244 num_frag 1 seq_num 1
test_mdd_tlv_length 0
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Cable1/0 MDD datagramsize 274, msg len 272, ehdr type_or_len
254, tlv_size 244 max_pak_size 1518
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: MDD MESSAGE
...
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: MDD TLV
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Downstream Active Channel List
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Channel ID: 1
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Frequency: 466000000Hz
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Modulation Order/Annex: 256 QAM/Annex A
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Primary Capable: Primary-Capable
...
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: MAC Domain Downstream Service Group
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: MD-DS-SG ID: 1
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Channel IDs: 1
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: 2
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: 3
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: 4
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Downstream Ambiguity Resolution Frequency List
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: Frequencies: 466000000Hz
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: 474000000Hz
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: 482000000Hz
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: 490000000Hz
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: IP Initialization Parameters
SLOT 1: Mar 29 17:44:26.279: IP Provisioning Mode: IPv4
...
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 14
• IPv4-Only
• IPv6-Only
• Alternate Provisioning Mode (APM)
CM prvo koristi protokol (IPv6 ili IPv4) koji je naveden u MDD poruci
Ukoliko primarni mod ne uspe, CM pokušava da iskoristiti drugi protokol
• Dual-Stack Provisioning Mode (DPM)
CM istovremeno pokušava da dobije IPv4 i IPv6 adrese kroz DHCPv4 i DHCPv6
Ukoliko dobije IPv6 adresu i CM pokušava da dobije ToD i konfiguraciju kroz IPv6 protokol
Ukoliko ne uspe prelazi na IPv4 protokol
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 16
• CableLabs DOCSIS 3.0 inter-ops (Jul, December 2006)
Demonstrirana IPv6 interoperabilnost sa referentnim dizajnom (Broadcom) kao i samim kablovskim modemima (Linksys, Scientific Atlanta)
• Partnerstvo sa najvećim servis provadjerima od početka 2006-e godine
Inženjerska verzija CTMS softvera je isporučena vodećem kablovskom operateru za lab test 2006. godine
• Partnerstvo sa SCTE
Kreiranje DOCSIS 3.0 IPv6 treninga za kablovsku industriju
• Bronzana kvalfikacija(2007)
• Produktizacija IPv6 menadžmenta kablovskih modema
• Produktizacija IPv6 CPE servisa
• Uspešan CableLabs DHCPv6-PD test interoperabilnosti
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 17
• CableLabs DOCIS 3.0 bronzani nivo saglasnosti za IPv6
• IPv6 bridž CM u single-stack i dual-stack modu
• Dual-stack CPE
• Provera EUI64 polja u link-local adresi
• Jedna DHCPv6 adresa po klijentu (CM or CPE)IPv6 SLAAC nije podržan ni za CM ni za CPE iza CM u bridž modu
• IPv6 implementacije za:cable source-verify cable monitorDMICSyslog
• Show cable modem prikazuje DNS names za IPv6 adrese (ne i za IPv4)
• DOCSIS 3.0 MDF (Multicast DSID forwarding)
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 18
CESNA 3.2
CMTS Softversko
IPv6
prosleđivanje
Hardversko
IPv6
prosleđivanje
D3.0 IPv6 CM
podrška
D2.0+ IPv6
CM podrška
uBR10k PRE2/PRE4 PRE4 20x20, 3Gx60,
Wideband SPA
520U/H
uBR7200 NPE-G1/G2 N/A 8x8 28U
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 19
CMTS Hardver Tip prosleđivanja
IPv6 paketa
Maks.protok
u pps
Maks. protok u
Mbps
uBR10k PRE2 Softversko 28k 336 @ 1500B paket
uBR10k PRE4 Softversko 65k 780 @ 1500B paket
uBR10k PRE4 Hardversko 4M 15000 @ 420B paket
CMTS Hardver Tip prosleđivanja
IPv6 paketa
Maks.protok
u pps
Maks. protok u
Mbps
uBR7200 NPE-G1 Softversko 192k 1200 @ 800B paket
uBR7200 NPE-G1 Softversko 640k 2750 @ 800B paket
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 20
• 12.2(33)SCA/12.2(33)SCB
Softversko prosleĎivanje IPv6 paketa (“punt path”)
Podrška za IPv6 DOCSIS funkcionalnosti
Podrška za menadžment kablovskih modema preko IPv6
Podržška za OSPFv3, IS-IS za IPv6, MP-BGP, RIPng
• 12.2(33)SCC
Dual-stack CPE (za testne svrhe)
Podrška za APM/DPM CM
• 12.2(33)SCE
Hardversko prosleĎivanje (PXF) IPv6 paketa na PRE-4
IPv6 CMTS baza pretplatnika HA & DCC
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 21
IPv6 Feature PRE4 ubr7200
Host database Yes Yes
ACLs Yes Yes
Virtual bundles Yes Yes
Subinterfaces Yes Yes
Cable Monitor (no ACL support) Yes Yes
DMIC Yes Yes
BPI+ Yes Yes
IPv6 multicast for control plane Yes Yes
Cable source verify Yes Yes
DOCSIS state machine including MDD Yes Yes
MDD config per interface Yes Yes
LLA EUI-64 verification during CM registration Yes Yes
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 22
IPv6 Feature PRE4 ubr7200
Cable CLIs impacted by IPv6 Yes Yes
Ping and other CLI commands using hostnames Yes Yes
FQDN (or hostnames) display in CLIs Yes Yes
DAD detection at the CMTS and logging Yes Yes
ISIS support Yes Yes
Punt path support on 10k with rate limit Yes N/A
DHCPv6 relay agent options Yes Yes
Cable-specific MIB support Yes Yes
Generic IPv6 MIB support Yes Yes
Retrieval of IPv6 MIBS over IPv4 Yes Yes
Syslog over IPv6 Yes Yes
DPM and APM (D3.0 gold features) for CM Yes Yes
Dual Stack CPE (Win Vista SP2) Yes Yes
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 23
IPv6 Feature PRE4 ubr7200
IPv6 unicast forwarding Yes/PXF Yes
Security ACL Yes/PXF Yes
MQC QoS Yes/PXF Yes
DOCSIS DS QoS Yes/PXF Yes
Cable source verify Yes/PXF Yes
IPv6/IPv4 GRE Tunnel Yes/PXF Yes
Divert Rate Limit Yes/PXF Yes
Packet Intercept – MAC address tapping Yes/PXF Yes
IPv6 CMTS Subscriber database HA & DCC Yes/PXF Yes
MPLS 6PE (12.2(33)SCF) Yes/PXF Yes
MPLS 6VPE (12.2(33)SCF) Yes/PXF Yes
IPv6 Multicast Forwarding Yes/RP Yes
Policy Based Routing Yes/RP Yes
24© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
IPv6 podrška u Cisco kablovskim modemima/ruterima
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 25
PRODUCT Cablemodem EMTA (NCS) EMTA (SIP) EDVA (PC2.0) RG CPE
DPC2100
EPC2100
IPv6
San Antonio -
100615
N/A N/A N/A N/A IPv6**
DPC2203/C/C2
EPC2203
IPv6
Phoenix 2B -
090811
IPv4 only
Phoenix 2B -
090811
IPv4 only IPv6
San Pedro -
TBD
N/A IPv6**
DPC2325
EPC2325
IPv6
Nikambu -
100601
N/A N/A N/A IPv4
IPv6 FW –
Q3 CY11
IPv4
IPv6 ***
DPC2425/DPQ2425
EPC2425
D/EPC2434
IPv6
Nikambu -
100601
IPv4 only IPv4 only IPv6
San Pedro -
TBD
IPv4
IPv6 FW –
Q3 CY11
IPv4
IPv6***
DPR2325
EPR2325
IPv4 only N/A N/A N/A IPv4 only IPv4 only
DPR2320
EPR2320
IPv4 only N/A N/A N/A IPv4 only IPv4 only
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 26
FEATURES SUPPORTED
PRODUCT DOCSIS
VERSION
IPv6 Dual
Stack
Support
APM/DPM
(Alternate
& Dual
Provisioning
Mode)
MDF
(Multicast
DSID
Forwarding
)
Software
Upgrade
over IPv6
SNMP
over
IPv6
Telnet
& SSH
over
IPv6
Web-
Pages
over
IPv6
eRouter
DPC2100
EPC2100
2.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1)
Yes Yes No Yes NA
DPC2203
DPC2203C/
C2
EPC2203
2.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1)
Yes Yes Yes Yes NA
DPC2325
EPC2325
2.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Q3 CY11
DPQ/C2425
EPC2425
DPC2434
EPC2434
2.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Q3 CY11
DPR2325
EPR2325
2.0 No No No No No No No No
DPR2320
EPR2320
2.0 No No No No No No No No
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 27
PRODUCT Cablemodem EMTA (NCS) EMTA (SIP) EDVA (PC2.0) RG CPE
DPC3000
EPC3000
IPv6
Eastlake 1A –
100329
N/A N/A N/A N/A IPv6**
DPC3010
EPC3010
IPv6
Riverpines -
100511
N/A N/A N/A N/A IPv6**
DPC3212
EPC3212
IPv6
Savannah –
100503
IPv4 only
Savannah –
100503
IPv4 only
Albany -
100503
IPv6
FW-TBD
N/A IPv6**
DPC3825
EPC3825
IPv6
St.Ives –
100601
N/A N/A N/A IPv6***
Pinehurst -
101220
IPv6***
DPC3925
EPC3925
IPv6
St.Ives -
100601
IPv4 only
St.Ives -
100601
IPv4 only
St.Ives -
100601
IPv6
FW-TBD
IPv6***
Pinehurst-
101220
IPv6***
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 28
FEATURES SUPPORTED
PRODUCT DOCSIS
VERSION
IPv6 Dual
Stack
Support
APM/DPM
(Alternate &
Dual
Provisioning
Mode)
MDF
(Multicast
DSID
Forwarding)
Software
Upgrade
over IPv6
SNM
P
over
IPv6
Telnet &
SSH over
IPv6
Webpages
over IPv6
eRouter
DPC3000
EPC3000
3.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1,2)
Yes Yes Yes Yes NA
DPC3010
EPC3010
3.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1,2)
Yes Yes Yes Yes NA
DPC3212
EPC3212
3.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1,2)
Yes Yes Yes Yes NA
DPC3825
EPC3825
3.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1,2)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes*
DPC3925
EPC3925
3.0 Yes Yes Yes
(MDF=0,1,2)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes*
29© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Cisco CESNA dizajn rezidencijalnog IPv6 Internet servisa
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 30
• Prošire IPv6 preko DOCSIS pristupa
• Shvate razlike i izazove IPv6 arhitekture
• Iskoriste CGN44
• Iskoriste nove funkcionalnosti na CMTS-ovima i CM-ovima
• Predloži i testira najzgodniji dizajn IPv6 servisa
CESNA treba da pomogne
kablovskim operaterima
da:
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 31
Aggregation Network
Access/Hub
ASR9K/7600
uBR10/7K
Business
Backbone Network
ASR9K/
7600
CRS-1Router
STB
CM/
eMTA/
eRouter
ASR9K/7600
ISR
CRS-1Router
H
F
C
CRS-1Router
CRS-1Router
CPE
Regional Network
CRS-1Router
7600/ ASR9K
7600 or CRS or ASR9K
SDC (System/Div)
Video Complex
Voice Complex
Network Mgt Complex
IP Security Complex
SDC (Regional)
Video Complex
DPI
SDV VoD
PEG DS/DB
SDC (National)
Video Complex
Voice Complex
Network Mgt Complex
IP Security Complex
ME3400
HR
HR AR
AR
BR
BRBR
BRCR
CR
CR
CR
FT
TP
HF
C
7600/ ASR9K
7600/ ASR9K
L2VPN CM
HF
C
SDC
SDC (Local)
SRSRSRSRSRSR
EQAM
PE
PE
Residential
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 33
• Zasnovan na dual-stack principu
Optimalne performanse zahvaljući čistom IP prosleĎivanju (bez tunelovanja) na PRE-4 i 12.2(33)SCE
Optimalno ponašanje OS-a i aplikacija zasnovano na RFC3484 (Default Address Selection)
• Testirane opcije:
CM bridž (Mgt=IPv4; CPE=IPv4/IPv6)
CM bridž (Mgt=IPv6; CPE=IPv4/IPv6)
CMTSAR or CR
IP/MPLSPublic IPv4Subscribers
Internet
IPv4
Internet
IPv6IPv4+ IPv6Subscribers
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 34
CESNA 3.2
128 bits
16 bits
64 bits=Interface-id
16 Interface subnets on each device
256 Access Building Blocks
256 Aggregation Building Blocks (including backbone)
16 Services
2EDC: BA98:SRMR:HDPI: XXXX: XXXX: XXXX: XXXX
16 Type of IP Devices i.e. CMTS, QAM etc.**
16 Number of devices for each type
R= Region
M= Division
0=Infrastructure; 1=HSD;
2=VoD; 3=VoIP; 5=NM;
5=Video;6=Commercial..
R=Ring (0= H&S)
H=Hub
0=p2p router link;
1=Router loopback;
2=CPE; 3=QAM; ....
0 = SDC; 1-15 could
be used in anyway.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 35
• Interfejsi izmeĎu rutera su ili /127 ili /64 sa EUI
• CM/bridž i CPE-ovi iza njega dobijaju adresu iz /64 prefiksa
• CM/eRouter dobija /56 prefiks za dodeljivanje CPE-ovima iza njega
• CMTS oglašava CM i CPE prefiks preko BGP-a
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 37
• CableLabs IPv6 Primer
http://www.cablelabs.com/cablemodem/ipv6/
• DOCSIS® 2.0 + IPv6 Cable Modem Specification
http://www.cablelabs.com/specifications/CM-SP-DOCSIS2.0-IPv6-I03-110210.pdf
• Comcast IPv6 Information Center
http://www.comcast6.net/
• Cisco Carrier-Grade IPv6 Solution
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns1017/networking_solutions_solution_category.html