M M M PLA N MOHAMMAD IZ MOHD FAHMI B MOHD FARID N UNIVERSITY O SHAH S C “TECHNIQU PESTS BACHELOR ANTATION TECH G NAME ZZAT BIN CHE BIN KENI NAZMI BIN MO PR ASSOC. PRO Faculty o University OF TECHNOLOG H ALAM CAMPUS SELANGOR HAPTER 6 UE FOR ESTIM S POPULATIO AS220 R OF SCIENCE ( HNOLOGY AND M GROUP 14 AB AZIZ OHAMED REPARED FOR OF. DR. FAUZIAH Lecturer of Applied Scien y of Technology GY MARA S MATING N” HONS) MANAGEMENT MATRIX NO 200842470 200841048 200841108 H ISMAIL nces Mara O 02 82 88
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M M M
PLA
N
MOHAMMAD IZMOHD FAHMI BMOHD FARID N
UNIVERSITY OSHAH
S
C“TECHNIQU
PESTS
BACHELORANTATION TECH
G
NAME
ZZAT BIN CHEBIN KENI NAZMI BIN MO
PRASSOC. PRO
Faculty oUniversity
OF TECHNOLOGH ALAM CAMPUSSELANGOR
HAPTER 6 UE FOR ESTIMS POPULATIO
AS220
R OF SCIENCE (HNOLOGY AND M
GROUP 14
AB AZIZ
OHAMED
REPARED FOR OF. DR. FAUZIAH
Lecturer of Applied Scieny of Technology
GY MARA S
MATING N”
HONS) MANAGEMENT
MATRIX NO
200842470 200841048 200841108
H ISMAIL
nces Mara
O
02 82 88
• An
shahav
• Usesyntpipe
• Appspracan
• A lacov
• Suffthe
• Colle
quick
• Expe
• Need
Descriptiirritant spray is king especially
ve to be samplede natural pyreththetic pyrethroeronyl butoxide.plied with knapay as high as popy.
arge area undeer with white bigficient time shoentire insect to
Disadvantage
ected of inse
kly after its fall d
ensive equipme
d many labors.
ion: useful alternati
y when large d. hrin or non-resids, combined sack mist-blow
possible into the
r the tree shoug cloth. ould be allowefall.
es:
ect should be
down
nt
ive to trees
sidual with
wer to e tree
ld be
d for
e
K
•
•
•
•
Ins
•
•
•
KNOCK DOWN
Advantag
Easy to identif
Suitable for th
Easy to get
insects.
Saving of time
sect Pests Sam
Fruit fly
Gold dust wee
Chafer beetle
SAMPLING
ges:
fy the insects
he large trees
the sample o
e.
mpling:
evil
f o
• Crop i
walkingstatus develo
• The exand 3r
and for• Crops
for em• For ex
infecteis not coloniemethod
• Estimapopulaseverawith Aby pow
Description
nspection is a reg through cropsof insect pest it a
opment and monitxperiment will be rd on growing ser two seasons at were selected a
ergence of parasxample, if the ced by aphid and texceeding score
es), we must ded should be used
ated based oation score: (1:noal colonies, 4: haAphid and 5: Whwdery or sooty mo
Disadvantages
• This me
to get a
• Experim
• Need a
: egular inspection s to examine also to assess pltoring pest level.done during the
eason at the statfield.
and monitored dasitoids or larvae.abbage plant wehe population sco
e number 3 (seveecided what cond to control this peon the followo aphid, 2: a fewlf of leaves is infole leaves coveould
s:
ethod takes a l
result.
mental error.
lot of money
by the ant
2nd tion
aily
ere ore eral trol est.
wing , 3: fest red
long of time
Insect
• Ap
Advantages:• The p
be mmethod
• The stand texamin
• Types determ
CROP INSP
Pests Samplin
phids
opulation of inmeasured andd will be determatus of insect pthe infection ned.
of damage mined.
PECTION
ng:
nsect can control
mined. population
will be
will be
• The basolutionusually
• The prattractarelies femalesdevelop
• The bfoliage kills the
• Overallcanopysprayin
• Control extreme
• Less efpopulatsexual m
• Gravid interestlaying s
• During amounttree lea
Description: ait was a molasn and the t
y a stomach poisrotein bait actsant and its on the fact ths need a protping mature eggait spray resiis ingested by
em. l coverage oy is unnecessarng technique' is
Disadvantagmay not be total
e pest pressure. ffective as the setions with femamaturity develop.female Queensla
ted in food than isites.
periods of higts of bait solutio
aves.
sses or sugar oxicant was son s as a food effectiveness
hat immature tein meal for gs. idue on the the flies and
of the tree ry and a ‘spot adequate.
ges: ly adequate at tim
eason progresseales at all stag. and fruit flies arein finding suitable
gh rainfall, signn may be wash
mes of
es and es of
e less e egg-
nificant ed off
Insec
•
••
Adv• Less harmfu• Costs are l
used per tre• Less time
demanding o• Simple to us• More enviro
of reduced p• Minimize fru• Reduced pe
BAIT SPRAY
ct Pest Sampli
Fruit fly (Bactrofacialis)
Bactrocera triliBactrocera ob
vantages: ul to beneficial insower as less m
ee or per hectare.consuming a
of labor. se onmentally soundpesticide usage uit residue problemesticide usage.
Y
ng:
ocera
neola blique
sects material is
and less
because
ms.
• This me
(mite br• Apply th• Choose• Rotate l• Use pic
mites af• Leaves
brushe s
• These ta very th
• It is impremove
• Anotherclean pmites w
• The stapaper ca
• Use ind
Descrip
ethod using 5x–1rush) and sample his method 1 to 3 e 20 trees randomeaf sample from
ck Scaffold such fter brush the mite
are dipped bes which dislodge tthen fall on the rohin layer of adhes
portant that the brthe mites withou
r alternative sampiece of absorbeith a roller.
ains on the papean be kept for chex to calculate di
• The
pop
lea
sam
ption: 0x visor or hand vials and label.times per year.
mly and pick up 5 north, south, easas glass plate f
es from the leaf.etween contra-rothe mites. otating glass platsive. rushes be set cart crushing them.pling method is
ent paper and to
er are then couecking sturbance
Disadvantag
e samples not
pulation becaus
aves on the top
mple.
lens, optional
leaves each. st and west. for gather the
otating spiral
te coated with
refully so as to
to place on a o squash the
nted and the
ges:
cover the who
e the high tre
p might be not
ole
es
in
•
•
M
Insect Pests S
• Mites
Advantages:Low of cost
High labour nee
MITE SAMPLIN
d
Sampling:
NG
• Bright perenn
• Aphid caugh
• Again insects
• Gentlyou ge
• Used eradiceffecti
• Cardsat a di
• Shakeencou
Desc
yellow, to attranials. adults are attrac
ht before laying egthis trap should s. y shake the planet a cloud of whitewith Sun spray
cate the white flveness of eradica come in packagstance of 7 squae plant gently if
urage the attractio
Disad• Trap • Cost • Cost
cription: ct insects away
cted to this colourggs on the flowerbe used to lesse
nt such as a pelare insects that fly ay Ultra Fine oilly, using the caation. es of 5 cards eacre feet or one pethe insect popu
sweep net consist of a cone shaped cloth bag 2 feet(0.6 m) deep fitted into a wire loop15 inches (38 cm) in diameter and attached to a handle 26 inches (65 cm) long.
Sweep may be taken singular visual insects species a series of sweeps count based on an average of insects.
Disadvantages:
•Difficult to catches the flying insect
•Need to long period to catches the insect
Advantages:
• Inexpensive
• Simple
• Easy to obtain
• Effective
Insect Pests Sampling in Classification Order:
• Hymenoptera
• Coleoptera
• Hemiptera
• Phasmida
How to Use This Trap:
• Choose the locations, Measure an area that is one square meter in size for each site that you intend to sweep. Pick an area as a control site and practice your sweep net swing. Immediately grasp the bag about half way up to make sure your captured animals do not escape. While another student holds the resealable plastic bag open, place the net over it, loosen your grasp and turn it inside out into the bag.
MALAISE TRAP
Insect Pests Sampling:
•Hymenoptera
•Diptera Advantages:
•Set out for long periods of time
•Easy to adjustable so that the samples jar may be raised and lowered.
• A Malaise trap is a large; the trap is made of a material such as terylene netting and can be various colours. Malaise traps are generally set out for long periods of time and checked at least weekly, or occasionally every other week. The walls are generally black and the roof is usually white. Poles, wooden or otherwise, are used to support the trap at each corner and at the peak in front. The traps we use are about 5 ft high at the front peak, 4 ft high in the back, about 6 ft long, and 3 feet wide. It is recommended that the bottle end be placed nearest the edge, but we have had luck either way. When searching for suitable spots, try to envision what the area will look like at different times of day.
Disadvantages:
• Malaise trap have a biggest size and difficult to get the ideal location and position to maximum the collecting of insect.
e type usually has h air and insect pae cone at the end g tubes. with an enclosed d so those insects
an. of insect caught idneeded.
high Rothamsted sgal fan inside a bo
ase of a 9m plaster.
hing insects a 30cm fan
ass into the of which is
cone have do not pass
d divided by
suction trap ox of 76cm x tic chimney,
mpling: d solani) Aphid (myzus
n Aphid i) Macrosiphum
Description:
• About 10 X 25 cm blue sticky cards that
attractive pest insects (especially
effective for catching thrips as they are
drawn to the blue colouring).
Approximate infestation, and monitor the
progress of your beneficial insects by
observing what is caught on these traps.
Insect pest sampling:
• Thrips
• Leafminer
Advantages:
• Easy to monitor the progress of
your beneficial insects by
observing what is caught on these
traps.
• Greatly reduce the amount of the
insect populations.
• This trap has greatly colouring to
attract the insect pest.
Disadvantages:
• Only small insect trap in this sticky card
• Not suitable to covered the large area
1. ROTHAMSTED TRAP
• Originally fitted with a 200 W
tungsten lamp.
• 60cm square roof cover the lamp
confining the illumination to a
beam, which diverges about 22.5°
above the horizontal in all
direction.
Description: Light traps make use of a light source to attract night-flying insects. They are especially useful to monitor certain species of moths. Catching moths in the light trap will tell the farmer that is time to start searching for eggs or caterpillars in the field.
Disadvantages:
• That moth within the egg-trays of the metal bin remain the darkness and will be attempting to escape should the lamp be switched off before down.