04/11/53 1 IP SUBNETTING Static Subnet Variable Length Subnet Masks(VLSMs) IP Addressing The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme 11/4/2010 OIT,RMUTT. 2 IP address consists of 32 bits of information. You can depict an IP address using one of three methods: Dotted-decimal, as in 172.16.30.56 Binary, as in 10101100.00010000.00011110.00111000 Hexadecimal, as in AC.10.1E.38
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IP Subnetting and Variable Length Subnet Masks(VLSMs)
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IP SUBNETTING Static Subnet
Variable Length Subnet Masks(VLSMs)
IP Addressing
The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme
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IP address consists of 32 bits of information.
You can depict an IP address using one of three methods:
Dotted-decimal, as in 172.16.30.56 Binary, as in 10101100.00010000.00011110.00111000 Hexadecimal, as in AC.10.1E.38
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Network Addressing
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Network Address Range: Class A 00000000 = 0 01111111 = 127
Network Address Range: Class B 10000000 = 128 10111111 = 191
Network Address Range: Class C
11000000 = 192 11011111 = 223
Network Address Ranges: Classes D and E
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The addresses between 224 and 255 are reserved for
Class D and E networks. Class D (224–239) is
used for multicast addresses and Class E (240–255) for scientific purposes,
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Summary of the three classes of networks
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Class A Addresses
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network.node.node.node For example, in the IP address 49.22.102.70, the 49 is the
network address, and 22.102.70 is the node address.
the network address of all 0s (0000 0000) is reserved to designate the default route
Additionally, the address 127, which is reserved for diagnostics, can’t be used either,
you can really only use the numbers 1 to 126 to designate Class A network addresses. This
Class B Addresses
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network.network.node.node
For example, in the IP address 172.16.30.56, the network
address is 172.16, and the node address is 30.56.
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Class C Addresses
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network.network.network.node example IP address 192.168.100.102, the network address is
192.168.100, and the node address is 102.
Private IP Addresses
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These addresses can be used on a private network, but they’re not routable through the Internet.
Under CIDR, the subnet mask notation is reduced to a simplified shorthand. Instead of spelling out the bits of the subnet mask, it is simply listed as the number of 1s bits that start the mask. In the above example, instead of writing the address and subnet mask as
192.60.128.0, Subnet Mask 255.255.252.0 the network address would be written simply as: 192.60.128.0/22
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CIDR(2)
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The use of a CIDR notated address is the same as for a Classful address. Classful addresses can easily be written in CIDR notation (Class A = /8, Class B = /16, and Class C = /24)