IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-23 DRILL : A man lived one-fourth of his life as a boy in Baltimore, one-fifth of his life as a young man in Youngstown, one-third.

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DRILL :

A man lived one-fourth of his life as a boy in Baltimore, one-fifth of his life as a young man in Youngstown, one-third of his life as a man in Manitoba, and the last thirteen years of his life in Thurmont. How old was the man when he died? Write down your answer.

October 4, 2010

X = X/4 + X/5 + X/3 + 13

60X = 15X + 12X + 20X + 78060X = 47X + 78013X = 780

X = 60 yearsIOT

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DRILL: ALGEBRAIC SOLUTIONDefine the unknowns: X = man’s total age. X/4 = years as a boy X/5 = years as a youth X/3 = years as a man

13 = years in ThurmontWrite an equation:

Solve the equation:

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373

273

K C

100

0

HOMEWORK SOLUTION

A. BASED ON THIS DIAGRAM, DERIVE 2 EQUATIONS: 1. TO CONVERT KELVIN TO CELSIUS 2. TO CONVERT CELSIUS TO KELVIN.

K - 273 C - 0

373 – 273 100 - 0 100 100

C

K - 273 =100

C

100K = C + 273

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5(F – 32) = 9C

B. CAN THE FAHRENHEIT TEMPERATURE EVER MATCH THE CELSIUS TEMPERATURE? ( X F = X C ) USE ALGEBRA TO PROVE YOUR CONCLUSION.

In class, we derived the following expression and then ‘customized’ it so that we could solve for F or C depending on which one was known.

Let X be the matching temperature on both scales.5(X – 32) = 9X

5X – 160 = 9X

– 160 = 4X

– 40 = X

Therefore, -40 F = -40 C.

LETTERING

• Engineer’s communication tool• All capital letters• BETWEEN GUIDELINES• Legible and Consistent

LEGIBLE AND CONSISTENT

LEGIBLE AND CONSISTENT

LEGIBLE AND CONSISTENT

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REVIEW FOR TEST #1

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• Take out a sheet of notebook paper.• Title it between last and 2nd–to-last lines.• Never write in line above it (no X’s).

BPI NOTESHEET 26 AUG 08 LAST, F. 1

Title Blocks

Teacher will give you your class #

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BPI-IOT CLASSWORK 19 SEP 08 LAST, F. 1

REMINDER Title Blocks

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FOT Review – EngineeringWhat is ENGINEERING?

Systematic application of mathematic, scientific, and technical principles to yield a tangible end product that meets our needs or desires.

What are the key words?1. Systematic application2. Mathematic, Scientific, Technical 3. Principles4. Tangible end product5. Needs or Desires

FOT REVIEW

What is a principle?1. The laws of nature underlying the working of an

artificial device.2. A fundamental, primary, or general law from

which others are derived.

Engineering

FOT REVIEW

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What is Technology?– The application of knowledge, tools, and skills

to solve problems and extend human capabilities

– Performs tasks by using an artifact that is not part of the human body

Engineering creates Technology

An object made by humans for a specific purpose

FOT REVIEW

Engineering

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Technology as a System

• Technology – performing a by using an object that is not part of the human body.

• System – each technology has parts and each part has a with all other parts and to the whole.

FOT REVIEW

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Components:– Goals

• Humans develop technology to meet needs• Each artifact meets more than one goal

– Inputs • Resources that go into a system and are used by it

– Processes• Design Process, Production Process, Mgt. Process

– Outputs• Technological systems are designed to produce specific outputs. • Manufactured products, constructed structures, communicated

messages, transported people or goods.– Feedback and Control

• Using information about the outputs to regulate the system.

Technology as a SystemFOT REVIEW

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INPUTS PROCESSES

OUTPUTS

GOALS

GOALS

FEEDBACKControl

System Components

FOT REVIEW

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INPUTS• Resources that go into technology:

– People – planners, designers, builders, testers, administration, investors, etc.

– Information – math, science, and technical principles, etc.– Time – to plan, design, make, market, ship, etc. – Capital – $ for employees, materials, marketing, etc.– Machines and tools – manufacturing facilities, etc.– Materials – natural, synthetic, composite– Energy – to design, construct, ship, etc.

FOT REVIEW

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PROCESSES• Management

– Planning and scheduling– Organizing (e.g., salaries)– Actuating (e.g., marketing)– Controlling

• Design– Engineering Design Process– Problem Solving Process

• Production– Communication– Construction– Energy and Power– Manufacturing– Transportation

FOT REVIEW

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• Used to regulate and control a technological system• Designs need to be continually checked and

critiqued, refined and improved• Risk analysis is used to minimize the likelihood of

undesired outputs• Feedback in the form of:

– Performance testing– Testing and evaluation– Surveys– Sales results– Quality control (actual operation vs. intended operation)

FEEDBACK

CONTROL

FOT REVIEW

1. ModelUsed to communicate design ideas and processes. May be a small, large, or full scale model.

2. PrototypeA working model used to test a design concept by making actual observations and necessary adjustments.

Make Model / Prototype

Outcome: Tangible ObjectIOT

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Outcome is a Design Proposal

Request for Proposal (RFP)

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1. Safety – is the product safe to use/construct?2. Reliability – will it work consistently over time?3. Cost – is it affordable?4. Quality Control – does it meet customer requirements?5. Environmental Concerns – does it harm the natural or

human environment negatively? 6. Manufacturability – can it be made?7. Maintenance – how easily can it be maintained or upheld?8. Ergonomics – how efficiently can the human body utilize it?

Constraints on the Engineering Design Process

(A constraint is a limit or restriction)

1. If Technology is…The ability of humans to combine ingenuity and resources to meet needs and wants of people

2. Then Technology Assessment is…The conscience that polices the possible impacts of applying technology

Assessing Technology

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The analysis of technology should be based on facts and research rather than media hype or personal opinion.

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Assessing the impacts of technology requires• An open mind.• The ability to remove attachment (loyalty) to the topic

of investigation.

Some factors inhibiting technological assessment:1. Emotional2. Cultural3. Intellectual4. Environmental5. Perceptual

Assessing Technology

Accepted in groupSubtle influencesBlocking real factsPeer pressure, time constraintPerception differences

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Design Process

Define the ProblemBrainstorm, Research, Generate IdeasExplore PossibilitiesDevelop a Design ProposalMake Model/PrototypeTest and Evaluate Refine the DesignCommunicate the Solution

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5 Impacts of Technology

5 Main Areas Impacted by Technology:– Social: How does it affect interdependent human

relationships?– Cultural: How does it affect the characteristic features of

everyday existence?– Economic: How does it affect the production, distribution,

and consumption of goods and services?– Political: How does it affect the government?– Environmental: How does it affect both the human and

natural environments? (aesthetics included here)

PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES

- DRAW A DIAGRAM- SOLVE ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS- MAKE A MODEL- CREATE A FLOWCHART- RUN A SIMULATION- TRIAL AND ERROR

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"METROLOGY is the science and art of measurement. Measurement is extracting information from nature or from devices people have engineered. It is also about the uncertainty in the extracted data, communicating it to other people in a standard way, and making them confident in our measurements by establishing traceable measurement systems.“ Copyright © 1998-2006 Newton Metrology Ltd.

You will now receive a 4-sided concise summary of the International System of Units (SI).

Read and study this summary now, as it may help you to find some answers to the homework.

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STANDARD - An acknowledged measure of comparison for quantitative or qualitative value

ACCURACY -the degree of closeness of a measured or calculated quantity to its actual (true) value

PRECISION - the degree of mutual agreement among a series of individual measurements or values

CALIBRATION - the process of establishing the relationship between a measuring device and the units of measure

TRACEABILITY - an unbroken chain of comparisons relating an instrument's measurements to a known standard

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BASE UNIT – A unit in a system of measurement that is defined, independent of other units, by means of a physical standard. Also known as fundamental unit.

DERIVED UNIT - A unit that is defined by simple combination of base units.

ERROR - The difference between a computed or measured value and a true or theoretically correct value.

PERCENTAGE OF ERROR - the percentage ratio of the error to the correct value of the measured parameter.

UNCERTAINTY - The estimated amount or percentage by which an observed or calculated value may differ from the true value.

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SUMMARY OF THE 7 FUNDAMENTAL SI UNITS:

1. LENGTH - meter

2. MASS - kilogram

3. TIME - second

4. ELECTRIC CURRENT - ampere

5. THERMODYNAMIC TEMPERATURE - Kelvin

6. AMOUNT OF MATTER - mole

7. LUMINOUS INTENSITY - candela

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Exponential Growth – LINEAR GRAPH

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Exponential Growth Curve

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Exponential Relationship

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Study for Wednesday’s test on Unit 1.