IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-4 •Classifying as Human to Human, Human to Machine, etc. •Goals (6), inputs (1), processes (6), outputs (1), feedback (varies) •Radio and telephone operation •Sine wave modulation types: PM, AM, FM •Terminology: – Information, knowledge, data, etc. ommunication Technology Quiz Tomorrow
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IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-4 Classifying as Human to Human, Human to Machine, etc. Goals (6), inputs (1), processes (6), outputs (1), feedback (varies) Radio.
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IOT
POLY ENGINEERING2-4
• Classifying as Human to Human, Human to Machine, etc.
1. Print Graphic Communication 2. Photographic Communication 3. Telecommunications4. Technical Graphic Communication
Matching Classes
Telephone HeadphonesBook ComputerVideotape Remote ControlDVD PaintingMagazine CameraPhotograph Comic StripNewspaper Billboard
312,32,3121
333221,21,2
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
– Major Processes:• Relief
– A modeled work that is raised (or lowered) from a flat background.
– Cuneiform by the Sumerians ~6000 years ago. – Wood block printing ~200 C.E.– Movable type printing ~1040 C.E. (Gutenberg ~1450)– Intaglio (in-tal-yo) ~1430– Rotary printing press ~1843
• Lithography (offset printing) ~1796– The source and destination are not on raised surfaces– Grease and water do not readily mix– A chemical process– Most modern books and newspapersPr
int G
raph
ic C
omm
unic
ation Intaglio
(in-tal-yo)
1. Depressions cut into printing plate
2. The plate is covered in ink
3. Excess ink is removed from surface
4. Paper placed on plate and compressed
5. Paper is removed and ink has been transferred
By 593 A.D., the first printing press was invented in China, and the first printed newspaper was available in Beijing in 700 A.D. It was a woodblock printing. And the Diamond Sutra, the earliest known complete woodblock printed book with illustrations was printed in China in 868 A.D. And Chinese printer Bi Sheng invented movable type in 1041 A.D. in China.
Low ReliefHigh Relief
Communication Technology
Cuneiform
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
• Screen Printing (~1000 C.E., China; 1907 England)– Mainly billboards, package labels, fabric designs– Uses a woven mesh (a screen) to support an ink
blocking stencil. – The stencil forms open areas of mesh that transfer ink
as a sharp-edged image onto a substrate. – A roller or squeegee is moved across the screen
stencil forcing or pumping ink past the threads of the woven mesh in the open areas.
• Ink Jet (1980s)– Use a series of nozzles to spray ink directly on paperPr
int G
raph
ic C
omm
unic
ation
Communication Technology
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
• Photographic Communication – The process of using photographs to communicate a
message– Photography – capturing light on a light-sensitive
material such as film or electronic sensor– As a usable process, 1820s– Includes photographs, slides, and motion pictures
Phot
ogra
phic
Com
mun
icati
onCommunication Technology
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
• Telecommunication– Communicating over a distance
Tele – Greek, “far off” Communicare – Latin, “to share”– Rely on the principles of electricity and magnetism – 2 types:
• Hardwired systems (telephone, cable, fiber-optic)• Broadcast systems (radio and t.v., mobile phones)
– Point-to-point: • One transmitter and one receiver
– Broadcast:• One powerful transmitter to numerous receiversTe
leco
mm
unic
ation
sCommunication Technology
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
– Smoke signals and drums– Chains of beacons (Middle Ages)
• Navigation signals• Enemy troops approaching
– Homing pigeons • Carrier pigeons used as early as 1150 in Baghdad• Olympic victors, Greece; Stock options, Europe
– Optical telegraph (semaphore, 1792, France)• Towers with pivoting shutters• Information encoded by the position of the
mechanical elements
Tele
com
mun
icati
ons
Communication Technology
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
– Telegraph (mid 1830s)• First instrument used to send messages by means of wires
and electric current• A device interrupts the flow of a current through a wire• Uses shorter and longer bursts of current to represent
letters• Device at receiving end converted electrical signal into
clicks• Operator/mechanical printer converted clicks into words• Telegram – wires over land• Cable – wires under water
– Telephone (1876 – Bell and Gray)• Greek: tele – far, phone – sound
Tele
com
mun
icati
ons
Communication Technology
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
Tele
com
mun
icati
ons
Play Morse Code Video
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POLY ENGINEERING2-4
– Broadcast• Radio (1893 – Tesla, 1901 – Marconi)• Television (1925)
– Greek: tele – far, Latin: visio – seeing – 4 main parts (cathode ray tube)– Electron gun fires 3 beams – Steering coils move electron beam across screen – Phosphorus screen has over 200,000 pixels– Glass tube holds it all together– Signals are broadcasted like radio signalsTe
leco
mm
unic
ation
sCommunication Technology
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– Computers– Internet– Cellular– Local Area Networks– Satellite Communication
Tele
com
mun
icati
ons
Communication Technology
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Tech
nica
l Gra
phic
Com
mun
icati
onCommunication Technology
– Engineering Drawing / Technical Illustration• Communicates specific information
– Size and shape– How parts are assembled– How to install, operate, adjust, maintain a device
– Feedback and ControlReversing the communication line
INPUTS PROCESSES
OUTPUTS
GOALS
GOALS
FEEDBACKControl
Communication Technology
Not always
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POLY ENGINEERING2-1
INPUTS PROCESSES
OUTPUTS
GOALS
GOALS
FEEDBACKControl
Communication Technology
Transmitted Communication
Encoder Transmitter
Receiver Decoder Storage
Retrieval
Received Communication
Input Process Output
SOURCE DESTINATIONTECHNOLOGY
Inform Persuade Entertain Control Manage Educate
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POLY ENGINEERING2-2
1. A device that changes a message into a form that can be transmitted
2. A device that sends a signal (i.e., encoded message)3. A device that acquires a signal (i.e., encoded message)4. A device that changes a coded message into an
understandable form
Decoder
Encoder
Receiver
Transmitter
Data
Match the statements with the correct term below:
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POLY ENGINEERING2-2
Communication
Knowledge
Information
Storage
1. Unorganized facts2. Organized data3. Information applied to a task4. The sending and receiving of information
Data
Match the statements with the correct term below:
Communication Technology
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POLY ENGINEERING2-2
Radio:
Pulse Modulation: turn the voltage (sine wave) on/off (Morse Code)
Amplitude Modulation: vary the amplitude (peak-to-peak) voltage
Frequency Modulation: vary the frequency (speed)
PM
AM
FM
Encoder: Devices that convert sound and information into a modulated sine wave