Ionic Bonding. Elements Goal = Stability Elements want to be stable In order to be stable they need to fill their outermost energy level completely –

Ionic Bonding

Elements Goal = Stability• Elements want to be stable• In order to be stable they need to fill

their outermost energy level completely–“Complete its octet” (oct meaning 8)–When outer level is filled•No Charge = Stable

–When outer level is not filled•Charge = Unstable

How do we figure out and elements charge?

• Charge is determined by how many electrons they need to gain or lose to complete their outer level

• Every element in a group has the same charge– Example: All Halogens are -1

• Logical Order

Group 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18Charge +1 +2 +3 +/- 4 -3 -2 -1 0

Add the following charges to the triangles at the bottom of your

periodic table

• Lets look at Magnesium. What is its charge?• Lets look at Sulfur. What is its charge?

How can elements complete their octet?

• 2 Ways– Ionic bonds• One element gives/takes electron from

another element–Covalent Bonds• Two elements share electrons

Ionic Bonds

• Bond in which one or more electrons from one atom are removed and attached to another atom.

• It is when atoms transfer electrons– One element gives electron – One element takes electron

How does ionic bonding work?• Ionic Bonds occur between metals and

nonmetals• Opposite charges are going to attract • Their charges will cancel out and become 0

–0 = Stable–Example:

•+1 + -1 = 0

Lets look at an example

• Why does NaCl work as an ionic bond?

•Na+1 Cl-1

Opposites Attract

*NaCl* Neutral and stable

How does the sharing work?

• Na has the 1 lone electron to share in its outermost level

• Cl needs 1 to complete its octet• Na will give 1 electron to Cl

Ionic Bonding Problems

• Step 1: Draw Lewis Dot Diagrams; Draw an arrow showing where the electron is moved

• Step 2: Rewrite the elements with their charges

• Step 3: Write the final compound• Step 4: Write the name of the compound

Naming Ionic Compounds

• When you name a compound, you first put the metal and then the nonmetal.

• The nonmetal word would end in “-ide” instead of whatever it normally ends in

• So combining Na and Cl would be – SODIUM CHLORIDE

Ionic Bonding Problem: Sodium and Sulfur

• Step 1: Write Lewis dot with arrow

• Step 2: Write charges

• Step 3: Write Final Compound

• Step 4: Write Name

Example: Sodium and Sulfur• Step 1

• Step 2

Na+1 S-2

Na+1

• Step 3

Na2S

Step 4 : Sodium Sulfide