Critical minerals are driving smaller, faster and more powerful technologies and Australia is an ideal place to source and develop these new world minerals. From rare earths to high performance metals, these minerals are critical because world advances in computing, manufacturing, energy and transport are impossible without them. They are also critical because production is geographically concentrated, when having more competition and choice is essential to global economic development. Australia has built its mining industry on a reputation for smart, sophisticated, sustainable exploration, mining and minerals processing – from bulk commodities like iron ore, coal and Australia is rich with minerals critical to global economic progress bauxite, to metals like gold, copper and nickel and, increasingly, critical minerals like lithium. The nation has pioneered new advances in extractive technologies, processing ores into metals and is ideally placed to lead the growth, diversity and new applications of critical minerals globally. And Australia does so with a commitment to sustainability, community engagement, rehabilitation and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Critical minerals are already a multi-billion dollar industry in Australia, with many new projects at advanced stages of development that will soon be ready to support the world’s growing needs. INVESTOR SERIES Critical minerals Investment opportunities in Australia Antimony % 1 China 71 2 Russia 10 3 Tajikistan 10 Cobalt % 1 DR Congo 64 2 Cuba 4 3 Australia 3 Graphite % 1 China 68 2 Brazil 10 3 Canada 4 Lithium % 1 Australia 60 2 Chile 19 3 China 9 Niobium % 1 Brazil 88 2 Canada 10 3 Other 1 Rare earth elem. % 1 China 71 2 Australia 12 3 United States 9 Rhenium % 1 Chile 55 2 Poland 19 3 United States 17 Tungsten % 1 China 82 2 Vietnam 7 3 Russia 3 Vanadium % 1 China 55 2 Russia 25 3 South Africa 12 Concentrated market share of critical minerals Production share by country % August 2019 Reasons to invest in Australia Extensive geoscience data sets Australia has significant exploration potential. To support further investment, governments have undertaken extensive preliminary survey work across the country and provided public access to the data. Reputable, reliable supplier of global minerals and metals Australia is a proven source for mineral and energy commodities. It is already the world’s largest producer of iron ore, bauxite and lithium and will be a low-risk supplier of critical commodities to global supply chains. Established, high quality infrastructure across the country While many of Australia’s mineral deposits are in regional areas, substantial government and private sector investment in transport, electricity and water infrastructure supports the development of mining operations. Highly skilled mining workforce Continued investment in developing human capital through tertiary education and vocational training has delivered a highly skilled and productive mining workforce that is ready to deliver the mines of the future. Supportive and stable state and federal government policy Australia has consistently rated highly in the Fraser Institute’s world rankings of mineral provinces for its supportive resources policies, political stability and openness to international investment. Established, reliable mining services and supply chains Australian mining is already well supported by an established network of equipment, technology and services providers that supply the essential inputs for the planning, building, operating and closure of mines. World leader in sustainable mining and mine safety Safe and sustainably sourced minerals are an increasingly important consideration in many global supply chains. Australia’s minerals industry is proud to be at the forefront of global safety and sustainable development practice. An investment destination for downstream processing Australia is one of the few countries that can produce all of the critical commodities. Australia can also produce downstream refined products in a sustainable way, reducing shipping costs and enhancing supply chain security. Key contacts minerals.org.au Manufacturing Tungsten Antimony Vanadium Niobium Transport Rare earths Manganese Niobium Rhenium Technology Rare earths Lithium Gallium Graphite Energy Lithium Cobalt Graphite Vanadium Source: USGS Australia is resource-rich with critical minerals Antimony RESOURCES, kt 138 WORLD RANKING 4 Cobalt RESOURCES, kt 1222 WORLD RANKING 2 Graphite RESOURCES, kt 7140 WORLD RANKING 7 Lithium RESOURCES, kt 2803 WORLD RANKING 3 Manganese RESOURCES, kt 231,000 WORLD RANKING 4 Niobium RESOURCES, kt 216 WORLD RANKING 2 Rare earth elements RESOURCES, kt 3270 WORLD RANKING 6 Tungsten RESOURCES, kt 386 WORLD RANKING 2 Vanadium RESOURCES, kt 3965 WORLD RANKING 3 Source: Geoscience Australia, Australia’s Identified Mineral Resources 2018 kt = thousand tonnes Austrade www.austrade.gov.au Geoscience Australia www.ga.gov.au Minerals Council of Australia Email. [email protected] www.minerals.org.au Global investors have the opportunity to reduce supply chain risks through investment in Australia.