introductiontosociolinguistics-130727161657-phpapp01

8/13/2019 introductiontosociolinguistics-130727161657-phpapp01

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Aulia nNisa Khusnia, M.A

Muhammadiyah University of

Purwokerto


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Example 1

Ray : Hi, mum

Mum: Hi. Youre late

Ray: Yeah, thatbastard kept us in again

What is sociolinguistics?

Sociolinguistics is study the relationship

between language and society (Holmes,

1995: 1)


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Sociolinguistics conveys social meaning

Language serves a range of functions

1) to ask for

2) to give people information

3) to express indignation

4) to express admiration and respect, etc.


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1. What you call your mother in different

contexts:

(a) Addressing her

(i) at home alone with her(ii) on the telephone with friends listening

(iii) in a shop

(b) Referring to her

(i) at home to another family member

when she is present


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(ii) at home to another family member whenshe is not present

(iii) to an acquaintance who doesnt know her

(iv) to a sales assistant in a shop when she is

present


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(a) Addressing your mother(i) mum, mummy, mom, ma

(ii) mother, mater.

(iii) mother

(b) Referring to your mother

(i) mum, mom

(ii) the old lady, our mam(iii) my mum

(iv) my mother


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Participant

Who isspeaking

Who arethey

speaking to

Setting

Where aretheyspeaking to

Topic andFunction

What isbeingtalkedabout?

Why aretheyspeaking?


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Socialdistance scale

(participantrelationship)

Intimaterelationship ordistantrelationship

Status scale

Participant

scale Low varietiesor highvarieties

FormalityScale & 2

functionalscales

Setting or typeof interaction

Relating to thepurposes ortopic ofinteraction


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Why people use one set of forms in some

contexts, but different forms in others

The step which need to be taken in providing

an explanation are1. to identify clearly the linguistic variation

involved e.g. vocabulary, sounds,

grammatical construction, dialects,

languages)2. to identify clearly the different social or

non- linguistics factors which lead speakers

to use one form rather than another


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e.g features relating to participants, setting orfunction of interaction


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When two varieties of the same language are

used (H & L)

H formal e.g. religion, newspaper,

broadcasting, education, etc L informal e.g. education

(discussion) , gossiping, and shopping


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Language shift

use one language to different language

two distinct codes in different domains

use different varieties of just one languagefor their communicative need

Language death ( language are no longer

spoken anywhere)

Language loss ( the process of language

death gradually loss of fluency and

competence by its speaker)


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Economic

People learn English- dominated countries

to get a job

Social(i) no active steps to maintain their ethnic

language

(ii) not see it as offering any advantages to

their children


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a. The pattern of language use more domains-

more chances

b. Demographic factors

c. Attitudes to minority language

identity and culture

self esteem


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Vernacular language

a language which has not been standardized

and has no official status

Lingua francasdescribes a language serves as a regular

means of communication between different

linguistic groups in multilingual speech

community


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1. has no native speaker

2. a means of communication between people

who dont have a common language

3. Pidgin linguistics structures such as: sound,vocabulary, grammatical features, a new

variety ( borrowing/ emerging from some

languages)

4. Example: in Papua New Guinea, PidginChinese English spoken by Chinese

languages a Neo Melanesia / Tok Piksin


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Jamaican Creol English based

Haitian Creol French based


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from word toword

from style tostyle

from group togroup


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Holmes, Janet.1996.Introduction to

Sociolinguistic. England: Longman Group.

Wardhaugh, Ronald. 1998.An Introduction to

sociolinguistics.USA: Blackwell Publisher Inc.

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