Free Culture and Web 2.0 Student Society of Computing of OUHK Presented by Dr. Haggen So Project Manager Creative Commons Hong Kong
Nov 12, 2014
Free Culture and Web 2.0
Student Society of Computing of OUHK
Presented by Dr. Haggen SoProject Manager
Creative Commons Hong Kong
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Web_2.0_Map.svg (CC BY-SA)
A Vision of Students Today
http://mediatedcultures.net/ksudigg/?p=119 (CC BY)
Introduction
I did not create the problem
But they are MY problems
Introduction
Freedom and Survival
Introduction
Computer History - MainFrame
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Honeywell-Bull_DPS_7_Mainframe_BWW_March_1990.jpg (GFDL)
Source Code
• Computer Instructions are coded in binary format 00101...
• A more human friendly method to program computer:
/* Hello World program */#include<stdio.h>main(){ printf("Hello World"); }
Source Code (Cont.)
• Convert source code into binary instructions by a computer compiler
• Vertical market – one supplier for all computer needs
• Source code by itself own had no commercial value -> freely distributed
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Apple_Computer_Logo.svg
Apple ][+ Clone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Taiwanese_Apple_II_clone_Cosmo.jpg (GFDL)
Changes in Computer Industry
• Personal computers - hardware and software could be sold separately
• Money could be made by closing up source code
• Some programmers sold the copyright of the source code of collaborative projects and stole of work of others
• AT&T Unix incident
Richard M. Stallman
http://www.stallman.org/saintignucius.jpg
Responses to the Theft
• Release source code that could not be used commercially
• Release source code that must remain freely available -> Software Freedom
• 1983 GNU project, Unix Clone
• 1985 Free Software Foundation, Free as in Free Speech, General Public License (GPL)
• LinuxIDC's Worldwide Quarterly Server Track
–2008 2Q $13.9 billion total–Microsoft $5.1 billion 36.5% Growth -1.7%–Linux $1.9 billion 13.4% Growth 9.4%
(http://practical-tech.com/infrastructure/linux-server-share-keeps-growing/)
Free/Open Source Software
20+ Years Down the Road
• Apache –Most popular web server–Always more popular than IIS
(http://www.netcraft.com/)
• Foundation of Web 2.0–Facebook: Apache PHP–Twitter: Ruby on Rails
Free/Open Source Software
20+ Years Down the Road
Choices
Why the Trend
Why the Trend
Firefox, Chrome… Internet Explorer
Thunderbird, Evolution… Outlook Express
OpenOffice, Abiword… Microsoft Office
Pidgin, aMSN… MSN Messenger
Linux, *BSD… Vista
November 2008 Top SuperComputer
http://www.top500.org/
http://www.research.ibm.com/WearableComputing/linuxwatch/linuxwatch.html
Choices that are important for Survival
Why the Trend
Search for “Open Source Financial Crisis”
Why the Trend
Know your Freedom
Exercise your Freedom
Share your Freedom
Lessons to Learn