Introduction to Waste Management Systems JPN

Introduction to Waste Management Systems in Japan

Toyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi University of Technology

Department of Environmental and Life ScienceDepartment of Environmental and Life ScienceDepartment of Environmental and Life ScienceDepartment of Environmental and Life Science

Aichi, JAPANAichi, JAPANAichi, JAPANAichi, JAPAN

Hiroyuki DaimonHiroyuki DaimonHiroyuki DaimonHiroyuki Daimon

[email protected]

Biomass Town Training in JapanBiomass Town Training in JapanBiomass Town Training in JapanBiomass Town Training in Japan ........GlobizGlobizGlobizGlobiz, Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo

Supercritical TechnologySupercritical TechnologySupercritical TechnologySupercritical Technology

Development and Assessment of Recycling TechnologyDevelopment and Assessment of Recycling TechnologyDevelopment and Assessment of Recycling TechnologyDevelopment and Assessment of Recycling Technology

Biomass Town and Eco TownBiomass Town and Eco TownBiomass Town and Eco TownBiomass Town and Eco Town

Biomass Utilization in IndonesiaBiomass Utilization in IndonesiaBiomass Utilization in IndonesiaBiomass Utilization in Indonesia

Waste Management Concept in JAPANWaste Management Concept in JAPANWaste management:CollectionTransportProcessingRecyclingDisposal

Reduce the negative impacts waste has on environment and society.

Reduce the negative impacts waste has on environment and society.

Methods of Waste Management:

Disposal Methods

Incineration

Land fills

Recycling Methods

Biological reprocessing (C and M)

Energy recovery

i) Pyrolysis

ii) Gasification

Waste Classification:Industrial Enterprise is responsible for

treating it.

Municipal Municipalities are responsible for management

Attention!!!

Biomass M

Biomass I

Efficiency?

Food waste (I and M), Leaf and Wood (I)Sludge (I and M jokaso)

Recycling-oriented SocietyTransformation into a Recycling-oriented Society:Reduction of natural resource

consumption and waste generation

Minimization of environmental risks in the process of waste treatment

Transformation into a Recycling-oriented Society:Reduction of natural resource

consumption and waste generation

Minimization of environmental risks in the process of waste treatment

Waste Management Hierarchy under the Fundamental Law:1. Source reduction or waste prevention2. Re-use3. Recycling4. Energy recovery5. Appropriate disposal

Waste Management Hierarchy under the Fundamental Law:1. Source reduction or waste prevention2. Re-use3. Recycling4. Energy recovery5. Appropriate disposal

General Law Concerning the Dissemination of the 3R

Reduce the generation of sub-

products in the production process.

Adopt Zero Emission measures;

Collection and recycling of used

products.

Reduce the generation of sub-

products in the production process.

Adopt Zero Emission measures;

Collection and recycling of used

products.

Considering Recycling (Cascade Utilization)

Amount

QualitySeparation

High value materialNote) Factor inOrganic and inorganicLocationScaleSocial statusSelf-sufficient

Recycling societyOil priceLow carbon societyOthers

ImageHigh

LowFew A lot

Fuel

Human foodHorizontal useCompositePet foodFeedCompost FertilizerBuilding material

a.PlantationForestryDevelopment of high performance forestry machines introducedrediscovery of non - timber forest productsPlantation conversion

e.e.e.e.Agriculture Engineering

Cellulose feed Bark compost

a.Biofuela.Biofuela.Biofuela.Biofuel productionproductionproductionproductionBioethanol from wood

c.c.c.c.Hydrothermal treatment of waste

Methane fermentation Burning

Hydrogen fermentation

Forest resource base in Aichi and

creation of a recycling society

BiomassAdvanced technology available

Natural WisdomaliveActivation of primary industry, environmental

and mountains protection

Natural WisdomaliveActivation of primary industry, environmental

and mountains protection

2Next generation tool for forest management and forestry support

d.d.d.d.MixedMixedMixedMixed combustioncombustioncombustioncombustionCO

2emissions Mixed catalyst

a. a. a. a. Evaluation of environment and biodiversityCO2absorbtionfixation Landslide prevention Water conservation shorelinebeach sandsfishery conservationBiodiversity conservation

b.b.b.b.Economic system

evaluation

CDM national practiceEco-economy

c.Infrastucturec.Infrastucturec.Infrastucturec.Infrastucture and network formationand network formationand network formationand network formationCore of various group Information dispatch base Entire summary

Low-carbon society through cooperation in different fields and industries

Evaluation of sustainable society base on forest

Co

mplex

region

al reso

urce

recov

ery pla

n

(2) Effective utilization development of unused biomass resources

b.Forestry activityHuman resources . EmploymentRecreation and ecotourismBusiness Development Citizen Participation

Fiber Plastic New material

b.Biorefineryb.Biorefineryb.Biorefineryb.Biorefinery

Effect of material properties and liquid introduced to methane fermentation on liquid fertilizer utilization Biomass town concept

Abandoned farmlandSorghum cultivationSorghum cultivation

A large number of cow manure

Manure 1030kg/day/cowUrine 620kg/day/cow

Livestock feed

Methane fermentation

Wastewater treatment costs

Digested wastewater Problem

Chita Biomass utilization project year 2010

Used as liquid

fertilizer

Milk

cow

Food wasteEthanol

production

Manure surplus Odor problemWater

contamination

Chita Hantou Goichigo region fiscal year 2011Livestock, Bio-oil,Bamboo and pruning branches,Sludge and garbage, Bank group

Sewage treatment

Methane fermentation

Fertilizer

Fuel conversion

Purification

Drying

Carbonization

Discharge

PowerCar fuelPretreatment

fuel

Home gardenPhosphorus

recovery

Municipal wasteIncinerator

Treated water

Biogas

High fertilizer

Carbonized fuel

Wastewater

A waste-based business

Human wasteSeptic tank sludge

Volume reduction

Pruned branches

Center for biomass compound utilization and waste water treatment (My plan)

Domestic waste project

Industrial waste

Households garbage

Pruning branches and grass

Septic tank sewage sludge

Sewage sludge

Plastic waste

Biomass

SurveySocial researchCarbonization

PretreatmentBio-gasification

Drying of liquid feed

CompostFertilizer conversion (drying)

Pig

PowerTruck fuel

FertilizerField

Carbonized fuel

Fuel material

Sewage plant

Digested waste

Biogas

Compost

Cleaning

Waste heat utilization

First precipitated sludge

Waste sludge

Recycling Center

Utilization of biomass from sewage sludge to produce high quality fertilizer

Composting

Material recycle

Fuel conversion

Dry feed conversion

Crop farmers

Dry feed

The resource conversion center which utilizes incinerator exhaust heat

O

r

g

a

n

i

c

s

o

u

r

c

e

s

Plastic waste washing machine

Hot water(Hot

fermentation)

High

LowF

r

a

c

t

i

o

n

a

l

p

r

e

c

i

s

i

o

n

Liquid feed

2010.8.2

Steam

Cattle farm

Energy PlantIncenerator

Food retailing

Fish company

Restaurant

Farm houseAerobic system

or

Vacuum dry process Fracture

bag separation

Difficulty of use

Warm water ultrasonic washing system

Cow manure

Compost

Agricultural plastic waste type

Resource recovery recycle support data base Effect of separation emitted by factories (reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increase recycling rate) presented in a numberConstruction support of food recycling loop Production conditions Recycling Technology, a component of

a product display

Quality ManagementRegular analysis of compost and manure nutrients

ingredients in feedSimple and accurate quality check of the compost by

microbial community structure analysis

Container and packaging plastic waste

Agricultural residu

Pig feedSolid content for, Moisture intakeVariety of subjects. But .

High-quality organic resources liquid feeding conversion by hydrothermal reaction cycle

Establishing an Environmental Recycling-based Society research Project FY 2007 - 2009

Dry Feed Dry feed from liquid feed

By professionalLiquid feedFermentation feed

An organic resource recycling1Liquid Feedorganic resource recycling2Liquid FeedEco-Feed

Hydrothermal reactionHigh quality liquid feed conversion

(Less than 200 oC)

Dry feed

Total availableRecycling societyLocal production for local consumptionIncreased self-sufficiencyOnly one technologyJapan meat

Material1

Material2

Material3

Existing Technology

(such as lactic acid fermentation)

Technology apply(Hydrothermal

treatment)

Validation hydrothermal advantageHigh value-added liquid feed Network construction and FS

investigation

Purpose of this study

Object

Expanding the scope of the material

Material1

Material2

Material3

Material4

Material5

Reduce processing costsDrying after-treatment is unnecessary Decrease of manure discharge quantity

Quality Improvement of FeedImprove meat qualityImproved feed efficiencyShortening Fattening period Disease decrease (sinusitis)Odor abatement

Expected social effects

Construction of a recycling societyEffective waste utilizationPromotion of the Food Recycling system

Livestock manure emissions reduction

Activation of domestic pig industry

Improvement of food self-sufficiency

Food Manufacturing Brands

Creation of innovationRegional revitalization

Development of eco-life

Innovation and expected social benefit PurposePromising technological innovation

Technological innovation by hydrothermal reaction

Expansion of raw material Improvement of digestion

and absorption Effective use of phosphorus Sterilization effect Quality stabilization Feed conversion for cow

Construction of energyrecycling

Oil Palm

Crude Palm Oil

POME

More efficient anaerobic digestion process

Palm oil factory

CH4

Energy

Ener

gyE

missio

ns

Trea

tmen

t

Products

Material

Liquid fertilizer

High co

ncentrations

of w

ater

Research Overview

Biogas

2/12

Production: World No. 1

Palm oil production process

Palm oil1tonPalm oil1ton

Oily water separatorOily water separator

Fruit Seed

SteamSteam

Crushing, GrindingCrushing, Grinding

ClarificationClarification

Drying, purificationDrying, purification

Fruit removalFruit removal

CPO0.22tCPO0.22t

POME0.84m3POME0.84m3

CPOCrude Palm Oil

Emission at high temperature

TS (mg/L)

CODCr (mg/L)36000

44000

2/12

Summary (in JAPAN?)

Out put Amount and Quality Material and Energy Balance Complex System Cooperation Sustainability FlexibilityWaste Treatment Enterprise Purpose