Introduction to php
Dec 14, 2014
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Introduction to PHP
1
Introduction to PHP
AIMS BBSYDP TRAINING
JUNAID NAZIR
junaidcomelearnsharecom
Introduction to PHP
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP is a server-side scripting language designed
for web development but also used as a general-
purpose programming language As of January 2013
PHP was installed on more than 240
million websites (39 of those sampled) and 21
million web servers[Originally created by Ramses
Lerdorf in 1994the reference implementation of PHP
is now produced by The PHP Group While PHP
originally stood for Personal Home Page it now
stands for PHP Hypertext Preprocessor a
recursive backronym
bull
2
Introduction to PHP
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP code can be simply mixed with HTML code or it can be
used in combination with various templating engines and web
frameworks PHP code is usually processed by a
PHP interpreter which is usually implemented as a web servers
native module or aCommon Gateway Interface (CGI)
executable After the PHP code is interpreted and executed the
web server sends resulting output to its client usually in form of
a part of the generated web page ndash for example PHP code can
generate a web pages HTML code an image or some other
data PHP has also evolved to include a command-line
interface (CLI) capability and can be used
in standalonegraphical applications
bull
3
Introduction to PHP
4
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
ndash Other Names Personal Home Page Professional Home
Page
bull Is a server side scripting language
ndash Capable of generating the HTML pages
bull HTML generates the web page with the static text
and images
bull However the need evolved for dynamic web based
application mostly involving database usage
Introduction to PHP
PHP FOUNDER
5
Introduction to PHP
Release History
6
Introduction to PHP
Release History
7
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP is a server-side scripting language designed
for web development but also used as a general-
purpose programming language As of January 2013
PHP was installed on more than 240
million websites (39 of those sampled) and 21
million web servers[Originally created by Ramses
Lerdorf in 1994the reference implementation of PHP
is now produced by The PHP Group While PHP
originally stood for Personal Home Page it now
stands for PHP Hypertext Preprocessor a
recursive backronym
bull
2
Introduction to PHP
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP code can be simply mixed with HTML code or it can be
used in combination with various templating engines and web
frameworks PHP code is usually processed by a
PHP interpreter which is usually implemented as a web servers
native module or aCommon Gateway Interface (CGI)
executable After the PHP code is interpreted and executed the
web server sends resulting output to its client usually in form of
a part of the generated web page ndash for example PHP code can
generate a web pages HTML code an image or some other
data PHP has also evolved to include a command-line
interface (CLI) capability and can be used
in standalonegraphical applications
bull
3
Introduction to PHP
4
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
ndash Other Names Personal Home Page Professional Home
Page
bull Is a server side scripting language
ndash Capable of generating the HTML pages
bull HTML generates the web page with the static text
and images
bull However the need evolved for dynamic web based
application mostly involving database usage
Introduction to PHP
PHP FOUNDER
5
Introduction to PHP
Release History
6
Introduction to PHP
Release History
7
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP code can be simply mixed with HTML code or it can be
used in combination with various templating engines and web
frameworks PHP code is usually processed by a
PHP interpreter which is usually implemented as a web servers
native module or aCommon Gateway Interface (CGI)
executable After the PHP code is interpreted and executed the
web server sends resulting output to its client usually in form of
a part of the generated web page ndash for example PHP code can
generate a web pages HTML code an image or some other
data PHP has also evolved to include a command-line
interface (CLI) capability and can be used
in standalonegraphical applications
bull
3
Introduction to PHP
4
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
ndash Other Names Personal Home Page Professional Home
Page
bull Is a server side scripting language
ndash Capable of generating the HTML pages
bull HTML generates the web page with the static text
and images
bull However the need evolved for dynamic web based
application mostly involving database usage
Introduction to PHP
PHP FOUNDER
5
Introduction to PHP
Release History
6
Introduction to PHP
Release History
7
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
4
Introduction to PHP
bull PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
ndash Other Names Personal Home Page Professional Home
Page
bull Is a server side scripting language
ndash Capable of generating the HTML pages
bull HTML generates the web page with the static text
and images
bull However the need evolved for dynamic web based
application mostly involving database usage
Introduction to PHP
PHP FOUNDER
5
Introduction to PHP
Release History
6
Introduction to PHP
Release History
7
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
PHP FOUNDER
5
Introduction to PHP
Release History
6
Introduction to PHP
Release History
7
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
Release History
6
Introduction to PHP
Release History
7
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
Release History
7
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
8
CLIENT
WEB
SERVER
HTTP Request
(url)
ltHTMLgt
ltphp PHP code gt
ltHTMLgt
Gets Page
ltHTMLgt
ltBgtHelloltBgt
ltHTMLgt
Interprets the PHP code
Server response
Browser creates
the web page
Hello
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
9
Why PHP bull there are no of server side scripting available like
ASP SSJS JSPhellip bull PHP involves
ndash simplicity in scripting (generally using the database)
ndash platform independence
bull PHP is
ndash primarily designed for web applications
ndash well optimized for the response times needed for web
applications
bull Is an open source
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
10
PHP Language features
bull PHP language features such as control
structures operators variable types function
declaration classobject declaration are
almost similar to any compiled or interpreted
language such as C or C++
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
11
PHP Data Type
bull Three basic data types ndash Integer
ndash Double
ndash String
bull More data types ndash Array
ndash Object
bull PHP is an untyped language ndash variables type can change on the fly
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
12
PHP Block
bull PHP code block is embedded within the ltphp
and gt tags
bull When the server encounters the PHP tags it
switches from the HTML to PHP mode
bull There are four different ways to embed the
PHP code ndash ltphp echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
ndash ltSCRIPT Language=lsquophprsquogt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) ltSCRIPTgt
ndash lt echo(ldquoSome PHP coderdquo) gt
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
13
PHP Constants
bull values that never changes
bull Constants are defined in PHP by using the
define() function
ndash For eg
define(ldquoNCSTrdquo ldquoNational Centre for Software Technologyrdquo) bull defined() function says whether the constant exists
or not
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
14
PHP Variables
bull The variables in PHP are declared by
appending the $ sign to the variable name
ndash For eg
$company = ldquoNCSTrdquo $sum = 100
bull variablersquos data type is changed by the value that is assigned to the variable
bull Type casting allows to change the data type
explicitly
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
15
PHP Variables (cont) bull Rich set of functions for working with
variable
ndash For eg
bull gettype settype isset unset is_int intval etc etc
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
16
PHP Operators
bull All the operators such as arithmetic
assignment Comparison and logical operators
are similar to the operators in C and C++
bull In PHP the string concatenation operator is
denoted by lsquorsquo ndash For eg
bull $name = ldquoMy name isrdquo$myname
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
17
PHP Statements bull IF statement
if (ltconditiongt)
php code goes here
else
php code goes here
bull Alternative Syntax
if(ltconditiongt) html code goes here
else html code goes here
endif
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
18
PHP Statements (cont) bull For loop
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
echo(ldquothe value is rdquo $i)
ndash Alternative Syntax
for($i=0$i lt 10$++i)
html code goes here
endfor
bull While loop
bull Do-While loop
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
19
Functions
bull Function declaration in PHP
function my_func(ltparametersgt)
do something in the function
ndash for eg
function sayHello()
echo(ldquoltBgthello amrishltBgtltBRgtrdquo)
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
20
Functions (cont)
bull Assigning functions to the variables
ndash for eg
bull $hello = ldquomy_funcrdquo bull to invoke the function my_func() through the variable
$hello( )
bull When an argument is to be passed by
reference an ampersand (amp) is placed before
the parameter name
ndash for eg
my_func(amp$my_refvar)
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
21
Arrays
bull contains value set
bull each element has a value data stored in the
element
bull And has a key by which the element can be
referred to
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
22
Initializing Arrays
bull No of ways to initialize the array
ndash For eg
bull $ncststaff[] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff[123] = ldquoamrishrdquo $ncststaff[122] = ldquomuralirdquo $ncststaff[121] = ldquonarayanrdquo bull $ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo)
ndash to change the indices of the array use =gt operator
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
23
Accessing the Array Elements bull The elements in the array can be accessed by
using the list and each constructs
ndash for eg
while(list($key$value) = each(countries))
echo(ldquo$valueltBRgtnrdquo)
ndash current(ltarraynamegt) gives the current value
being accessed key(ltarraynamegt) gives the index
of the current element that is being accessed
ndash prev(ltarraynamegt) gives the previous element
ndash next(ltarraynamegt) gives the next element
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
24
Accessing the Array Elements (cont)
ndash Array_walk(ltarraynamegtltfunction_namegt)
bull function_name is the function that is written for every
member of an array
bull For eg
$ncststaff = array (ldquoamrishrdquo ldquomuralirdquo ldquonarayanrdquo) array_walk ($ncststaff printstaff)
function to print each element of the array
function printstaff($names)
echo ldquoltBgt$namesltBgtltBRgtnrdquo
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
25
Arrays (cont)
bull $ncststaff = array (ldquodakerdquo =gt array(ldquoamrishrdquo ldquolakshanardquo ldquovenkatrdquo) ldquospcrdquo =gt array(ldquonarayanrdquo ldquomuralirdquoldquoprasadrdquo))
ndash creates a two dimensional array
bull Sorting Functions
ndash sort() sorts the elements in the numeric and
alphabetical order
ndash rsort() sorts the elements in the reverse order
ndash asort() sorts the elements in the array without
changing the indices
ndash ksort() sorts the arrays by key
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
26
Classes
bull Class is a template of an object and includes
the properties and methods that describe an
object and behavior
bull Class in PHP is defined using class statement
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
27
Classes (cont) bull For eg
lt
class company
define the properties
var $companyname
define the methods
function company($cname)
$this-gtcompanyname = $cname
function getnames($idcode)
return the name of the employee for the required idcode
gt
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
28
PHP Richness
bull PHP comes with myriad of options ie
supports several APIs and interfaces to other
programming tools such as
ndash Database connectivity
ndash LDAP
ndash XML
ndash Mail protocols such as IMAP SMTP
ndash Image functions
etchellip
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
29
Support for Regular Expressions
bull Not pretty things to look at and work with ndash Eg ^+++$
bull PHP takes over the headache from the programmers for explicitly coding for pattern matching
bull Functions ndash ereg() and eregi()
ndash ereg_replace() amp eregi_replace()
ndash split()
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
30
Image Generation amp Manipulation
bull PHP offers powerful set of functions for
generating and manipulating the images
ndash Rendering regular geometric figures modifying
images
ndash manipulate text font and color and even the pixels
in the image
bull hellipcreating the images on the fly
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
31
Image Generation amp Manipulation
(cont) bull PHP uses the GD library for the most of the image
functionality that it offers
bull GD library is used for generating the two-dimensional graphics
bull PHP APIrsquos provides us with functions to ndash Create delete resize and modify images
ndash Draw basic geometric figures
ndash Manipulate text and fonts
ndash Manipulate colors
ndash Interlace and manipulate pixels
ndash Handle PostScript files
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
32
Mailing functions
bull Sending E-Mails ndash Mail()
bull Used to send simple text messages
bull Depends on the local mail delivery system
ndash Using SMTP
bull Accepts the e-mail for every recipient and goes through trouble of delivering the e-mails
bull Receiving E-Mails ndash PHP works out well with the IMAP protocol
ndash Rich set of support functions
bull Imap_open impa_delete imap_close imap_mail_copy imap_mail_move etc
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
33
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Supports APIs for accessing large number of
databases
bull ODBC is a standard API for accessing a
database that has PHP support
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
34
PHP-Database Connectivity
bull Some of Oracle 8x functions
ndash OCILogon
ndash OCILogoff
ndash OCIParse
ndash OCIFetch OCIFetchInto OCIFetchStatement
ndash OCIExecute
ndash OCIFreeStatement
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
35
LDAP Support in PHP
bull PHP provides LDAP APIrsquos that allows the programmers to create LDAP clients by
providing transparent access to backend LDAP
directory servers
ndash For eg
bull Web based e-mail client
bull Telephone Directory
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
36
XML Support in PHP
bull PHP supports a set of functions that can be
used for writing PHP-based XML applications
bull These functions are used for parsing well
formed XML document
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
Introduction to PHP
37
THANK YOU
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