Introduction to Megacities Challenges Boanada.pdf · 2016-03-23 · The number of global players has grown from 17,000 in 1980 to over 70,000 today. Ocean freight has increased over

Introduction to Megacities Challenges

Confidential / Siemens Brazil 2011Page 0

.rRio, September 2011

Sergio BoanadaCities, Infrastructure and Major Events

São Paulo- Paulista Avenue - 1900

In 1920 5596 cars and 222 trucks cross São Paulo

streets.240.000 inhabitants

Regular rainfall-Terra da Garoa

Water supply close

Low emission society


Tietê River still clean

Low energy comsumption.

Water supply close to the city

São Paulo- Paulista Avenue - 2011

Great São Paulo with more than 18,6 million inhabitants

25% of the national fleet (seven million cars). One car for each two persons

In 2008 CET reported 226 km oftraffic jams in one

day

Increase of strong rainfall (higher than 30 mm/day) by 50%

Industry and vehicles are responsible for 2.400.000 tons/year

emissions of


38,7 million trips per day. 51% with

individual transportation.

Economic losses R$ 27 billion per

year. (FGV)

High concentrateddemand for energy

30 mm/day) by 50% in the last 50 years(INPE)

Tietê River polluted

emissions of pollutants Water sources

distances increasing

Low efficient buildings

São Paulo population increased 90% in the last 40 years.

Siemens Ltda. All rights reservedPage 3 Ecogerma 2011

IBGE: 2010

Rio de Janeiro population increased 50% in the last 40 years


Fonte: CETESBHistórico demográfico do município do Rio de Janeir o. Fonte: IBBGE: 2010

Urbanization

� 2007: for the first time in history, more people live in cities than in rural areas.

� Today 280 million people live in megacities (> 10 million residents)� 2030: 60 % of the world’s population will live in cities� Urban conglomerations contribute a high share of a nation’s economic

output: Tokyo provides 40% of Japan’s GDP, Paris generates 30% of

Megatrends shape our future


Demographic Change

output: Tokyo provides 40% of Japan’s GDP, Paris generates 30% of France’s GDP.

� Average life expectancy worldwide will increase to 72 years in 2025 from 46.6 years in 1950.

� World population will grow from more than 6 billion now to 8 billion by 2025.

� 95% of the global population growth is taking place in developing countries.

� The 65+ generation will nearly double worldwide by 2030 (from 7% to 12%),

Climate Change

� The average global surface temperature has increased by 0.76° C compared to the 18th century.

� 11 of the 12 years between 1994 and 2005 rank among the 12 warmest since weather observations began.

� Greenhouse gas emissions haven risen dramatically since industrialization. Today we face the highest CO2 concentration in the

Megatrends shape our future


Globalization

� From 1950 to 2004, the volume of global trade has increased 27.5-fold.

� The number of global players has grown from 17,000 in 1980 to over 70,000 today.

� Ocean freight has increased over the past four decades from less than 6,000 billion ton-miles to over 27,500 billion ton-miles a year.

industrialization. Today we face the highest CO2 concentration in the atmosphere for the past 350,000 years.

Megatrends

� Cities are competing globallyto make their urban areas attractive to live and to invest in

Cities are the growth engines for their national ec onomies

Megatrends imply significant challenges for city decision makers

Globalization & Urbanization� Global players / trade volume increase� 2030: 60% of population in cities� Energy / buildings / mobility / water

infrastructure are key

Sustainable Urban Development

Siemens Ltda. All rights reservedPage 7 Ecogerma 2011| 7 |

Compe-titiveness

Environment Qualityof Life

Governance

Demographic Change� 65+ generation will nearly double

by 2030 (from 7% to 12%)� Need for adequate infrastructures

as well as health- and elder care

Climate Change� Cities responsible for ~80% GHG� Need for resource efficiency

and environmental care

� Challenge to balance between competitiveness, environment and quality of life, and to finance infrastructure solutions

Concentration of GHG increased dramatically during the industrialization century.


Natural Disasters is also increasing over the years N

umbe

r pe

r Y

ear


Geophysical Events Metrologic Events Hydrologic Events

Global warming- Sea level –Effect in Rio de Janeiro

Siemens Ltda. All rights reservedPage 10 Ecogerma 2011(Source IPP)

Global warming- Climate change- Rain fall São Paulo


(Source INPE,USP,UNICAMP)

Transportation is responsible for 55% of GHG emissions in São Paulo

2%

31%

1%

5%1% 3% 1%

Energético Amplo

Industrial

Transporte

Comercial

Residencial

Público

Agropecuário


55%

Não Energético

Fonte: CETESB

Siemens insights into "how to become sustainable", jointly developed with major world cities

Perceptionstudies

Megacity Challenges� Comprehensive analysis based on interviews with over

500 city managers in 25 selected megacities

� Urban infrastructure trends and challenges as well as global best practices


Comparativestudies

Green City Index (GCI)� Index compares cities across 8 dimensions of environmental sustainability : CO2, energy, buildings, transportation,

waste & land use, water, air, governance

� Started in Europe and Latin America, rollout in Africa and Asia

Implementation studies

Sustainable urban infrastructure series� “How to become a sustainable city" with focus on measures for resource efficiency and CO 2 abatement

� Examples:London, Munich, Yekaterinburg, Dublin, Trondheim, ...

Perception Study:The Sustainable Cities Challenges in Canada

Study by Siemens, David Suzuki Foundation and GlobeScan

Tom RandPractice Lead,

“The political fight of the century will be the pricing of energy.”

“There’s no question we have the capacity to do this intellectually; the question is whether or not our political systems can generate the intelligence that our scientists and engineers can."

73% of experts consider infrastructure renewal & upgrade, transportation issues , and infrastructure


Practice Lead, Cleantech and Physical Sciences MaRS Discovery District

“At the foundation, we believe that investments to protect and enhance natural capital are urgently needed.”

“The David Suzuki Foundation encourages companies like Siemens Canada to continue their efforts to work towards a sustainable future.”

Peter RobinsonCEODavid Suzuki Foundation

73%

90%

69%

issues , and infrastructure funding to be the three most serious challenges facing their cities

90% of experts rated transportation as having the highest need for infrastructure investmentsover the next five to ten years69% of experts consider their city to be average or below average on adopting sustainable infrastructure solutions

Comparative Studies:How sustainable are cities worldwide?

� Comparison of leading cities in Europe, Latin America,Asia , and Africa in terms of their environmental performance and policies

� Independent research project by the EIU

� Assessment of different environmental categories – e.g. energy, transport, water, waste, buildings,…

� Set of quantitative indicators (measuring the cities’ current performance) and qualitative indicators

How this is achieved?Objective

The Green City Index series will provide answers…


performance and policies

� Identify strengths and weaknesses of each city, compare performance with peers

current performance) and qualitative indicators (assessing the cities’ aspirations or ambitions to improve their sustainability)

� independent research and advisory firm with more than 40 offices worldwide

� well known for their country analysis on more than 200 markets

� has successfully conducted the European Green City Index

16 quantitative and 14 qualitative indicators in 8 categories were assessed

Green City Index – assessing the environmental impact of world’s major cities*

CO2 intensity

CO2 emissions

CO2 reduction strategy

Sulphur dioxide

OzoneParticulate matter

Nitrogen dioxide

Green action planGreen managementPublic participation

in green policy

CO2Green

GovernanceEnergy consumption

Energy intensity

Renewable energy consumption


� Prioritization of measures through identification o f categories with performance below average

Congestion reduction policies

Water consumptionWater leakages

Waste water treatmentWater efficiency

and treatment policies

Municipal waste production

Waste reduction policies

Green land use policies

Particulate matterAir quality policies

EGCIEnergy

BuildingsWater

Waste &Land Use

Air

Renewable energy consumption

Clean and efficient energy policies

Transportation

Energy consumption of residential buildings

Energy efficient buildings standards

Energy efficient buildings initiatives

Use of non-car transportSize of non-car transport networkGreen transport promotion

EGCI

*) A research project conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit, sponsored by Siemens

Overall ranking: Scandinavian countries score best, Copenhagen comes in first overall

Overall

87,3Copenhagen186,7Stockholm284,0Oslo383,3Vienna483,0Amsterdam582,3Zurich679,3Helsinki779,0Berlin878,0Brussels973,2Paris1071,6London11

ScoreCity9,6Oslo19,0Stockholm28,5Zurich38,4Copenhagen48,3Brussels5

CO2

7,8Paris67,6Rome77,5Vienna87,5Madrid97,3London10

ScoreCity8,7Oslo18,7Copenhagen27,8Vienna37,6Stockholm47,1Amsterdam5

Energy

6,9Zurich66,4Rome76,2Brussels85,8Lisbon95,6London10

ScoreCity9,4Berlin19,4Stockholm19,2Oslo39,2Copenhagen49,1Helsinki5

Buildings

9,0Amsterdam69,0Paris78,6Vienna88,4Zurich98,0London10

ScoreCity8,8Stockholm18,4Amsterdam18,3Copenhagen38,0Vienna47,9Oslo5

Transport

7,8Zurich67,5Brussels77,2Bratislava87,1Helsinki9

6,6Budapest10

ScoreCity


71,6London1167,1Madrid1262,8Vilnius1362,6Rome1459,6Riga1559,0Warsaw1657,6Budapest1757,3Lisbon1856,4Ljubljana1956,1Bratislava2054,0Dublin2153,1Athens2253,0Tallinn2349,8Prague2445,2Istanbul2542,4Zagreb2640,0Belgrade2739,1Bucharest2836,9Sofia2932,3Kiev30

6,6Tallinn10

9,2Amsterdam19,1Vienna29,1Berlin39,1Brussels48,9Copenhagen5

Water

8,9Zurich58,6Madrid78,6London88,6Paris98,4Prague10

ScoreCity9,0Amsterdam18,8Zurich28,7Helsinki38,6Berlin48,6Vienna5

Waste andland use

8,2Oslo68,1Copenhagen78,0Stockholm87,3Vilnius97,3Brussels10

ScoreCity9,4Vilnius19,4Stockholm28,8Helsinki38,6Dublin48,4Copenhagen5

Air quality

8,3Tallinn68,3Riga77,9Berlin87,7Zurich97,6Vienna10

ScoreCity10,0Brussels110,0Copenhagen110,0Helsinki110,0Stockholm19,7Oslo5

EnvironmentalGovernance

9,7Warsaw69,4Paris79,4Vienna79,3Berlin99,1Amsterdam10

ScoreCity

Source: Economist Intelligence Unit: European Green City Index

Curitiba is the leading green city of the Latin Ame rican Green City Index

Ove

rall

Per

form

ance


Ove

rall

Per

form

ance

November 2010 Latin American Green City Index

More details can be found in the report and on the website ( www.siemens.com/greencityindex )

Implementation Study – Pilot London 1)

� Two-third of all CO2- abating technologies pay back their invest

� ~75% of the abatement potential lies in the hands of individuals / businesses who make technological choices

� The total investment required constitutes less than 1% of London's total economic output until 2025

Results

4.5

2.7Buil -

Insulation

Heating efficiency 150

10.4

1.0

Abatement potential Mt CO2Levers

Average abatement

cost / savingsEUR/t CO2

Additional invest-ment

bn EUR

Findings (time horizon: 2025)

30


1.4

1.3

0.7

1.2

0.5

0.3

0.2

0.9

3.7

2.1

Trans-port

Buil -dings

Energy

Lighting

Appliances

Other

Higher car efficiency

Biofuels

Hybrid passenger cars

Hybrid bus

Other

Energy mix

CHP

120

190

320

240

0.9

0.8

7.3

2.4

–

5.3

0.5

4.3

1.1

4.0

� Financial prioritization

� Broad technology expertise across infrastructure areas is mandatory to identify suitable combinations of solutions > roadmap

� Sustainability makes city decision makers to think and act as one

Conclusions

1) Siemens Sustainable Urban Infrastructure – London Study, a research project conducted by the McKinsey, sponsored by Siemens

90

40

460

1,700

140

230

Comprehensive future scenarios for our businesses


Thank you!

See you at


See you at

Rio +20 [email protected]

Introduction to Megacities Challenges Boanada.pdf · 2016-03-23 · The number of global players has grown from 17,000 in 1980 to over 70,000 today. Ocean freight has increased over

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