Introduction to Genetics
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Introduction to Genetics
What is Genetics?
Introduction to Genetics
Genetics is the branch of biology concerned with the study of heredity and variation
Introduction to Genetics
Gregor Mendel
Mendelian Genetics
Diploid (2n)◦ Complete set
(somatic cells)
Haploid (n)◦ Half set (gametes/sex
cells)
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
Mitosis vs Meiosis
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
Inherited traits are controlled by genes residing on chromosomes faithfully transmitted through gametes, maintaining genetic continuity from generation to generation
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
MutationsGenetic Variation
•Heritable changes in the DNA sequence •The source of all genetic variation
Allele
Phenotype and Genotype
Genetic Variation
Understanding Drosophila
DNA and RNA
DNA RNA Protein
Enzymes are biological catalysts
Enzymes
Lactose and Lactase
Sickle Cell Anemia
Restriction enzymes Vectors Recombinant DNA Clones
Recombinant DNA
Genome: the complete haploid DNA content of a specific organism
“DNA library”
The Human Genome
Transgenic Organisms
Genomics: the study of genomes
Proteomics: identifies the sets of proteins present in a cell under a given set of conditions
Genomics
Subfield of information technology Develop hardware and software for
processing nucleotide and protein data
Bioinformatics
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