Introduction to Exodus 19 August 2012. What is Exodus? Meanings: departure out-going From what? Egypt Slavery.

Introduction to Exodus

19 August 2012

What is Exodus?

Meanings:

“departure”

“out-going”

From what?

Egypt

Slavery

Who wrote Exodus? Moses wrote the first five books of the Bible

These have different names:

The Torah

The Five Books of Moses

The Pentateuch

(Greek for "five containers," which refers to the scroll cases in which books were being kept.)

The Pentateuch

1. Genesis – traditions of the origins of mankind and the Hebrew race

2. Exodus – history of Israel’s deliverance from Egyptian bondage and their establishment as a nation at Mt. Sinai (when the Law was given)

3. Leviticus – more laws to govern the nation

The Pentateuch4. Numbers – 1st census and genealogy of Israel

– 12 spies sent out scout the land – unbelief at Kadesh Barnea that caused 40 years of wandering – Balaam will not curse Israel – Israel curses itself thru idolatry – 2nd census

5. Deuteronomy – a series of sermons by Moses shortly before he died and before Israel went into Canaan to take the land

When did Moses write the Pentateuch?

During Israel’s 40 yearsof wandering in the desert

Probably toward the end of his life

Pentateuch Time Period

About 2400 years

From creation(about 3975 B.C., according to the genealogies given.)

Until the time of Moses’ death

When was the Exodus?

The further back in time, the less certain we can be of the dates of events.

Thus, the safest way to date the Exodus is to go backward from more certain dates to less certain dates.

The best reference date is the beginning of the construction of Solomon’s temple


And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of

Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's

reign over Israel, in the month Zif, which [is] the second month, that he began to

build the house of the LORD.

– 1Kings 6:1


If the construction of Solomon’s temple began in around 1000 BC (rough estimate), then the Exodus was around 1500 BC (1000+480, rounded up)

This was about 3500 years ago

Note: Some people say that Planet X, a.k.a. Nibiru or Gabriel’s Fist, also last passed near the earth around this time and is due to come again soon.

Genesis Outline Gen. 1:1 - 11:9

Beginning of the human race

About 3975 – 1967 B.C.

About 2000 years

Gen. 11:10 - 50:26

Beginning of the Hebrew race

About 1967 – 1606 B.C.

About 360 years

Exodus Outline Ex. 1 - Growth and slavery of God’s people

Ex. 2-4 - Preparation of God’s deliverer, Moses

Ex. 5-12 - 10 plagues, 1st Passover & the exodus

Ex. 13-18 - Journey from Egypt to Mt. Sinai

Ex. 19-31 - Mosaic Law given to a new nation

Ex. 32 - Impatience and idolatry (golden calf)

Ex. 33-34 - Regiving of the Law on Mt. Sinai

Ex. 35-40 - Construction of the tabernacle & Making of ritual objects

Clarification on “430 Years”

Now the length of time the Israelite people lived in Eqypt was 430 years.

– Ex. 12:40 NIV(based on Masoretic Hebrew text)

Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, [was] four

hundred and thirty years. – Ex. 12:40 KJV

(based on Masoretic Hebrew text)


And the sojourning of the children of Israel, while they sojourned in the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan, was four hundred

and thirty years.

– Ex. 12:40 Brenton(based on Septuagint Greek text)


And this I say, [that] the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and

thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect.

– Gal 3:17 KJV

Clarification on “430 Years”What we learn from Paul in Galatians 3:17

1.The 430 years was the time span between two important covenants:

God’s covenant with Abraham and they which are of faith (a promise of righteousness)

God’s covenant with Israel (Mosaic Law for regulating the nation until Christ fulfilled it)

Clarification on “430 Years”What we learn from Paul in Galatians 3:17

2.The 430 years included the time in both Canaan and in Egypt.

3.When in doubt about the Old Testament, see what the New Testament says.

4.For serious Bible study, do not rely on the NIV translation. It is an ecumenical work that has completely removed 17 verses and 64,576 words. For more info, see http://www.av1611.org/niv.html.

http://www.av1611.org/niv.html



Who was with Jacob?(Gen. 46:8-27)

12 sons

1 daughter

55 grandsons

1 granddaughter

3 of Jacob’s wives

Jacob’s sons’ wives

Jacob’s grandsons’ wives

Perhaps some slaves

Total 70 persons, including Jacob,

but not including all the wives and

slaves, who were either Canaanite or

Egyptian

Who was with Moses?(Num. 1:1-46)

603,550 men 20 years old and above who were able to go to war from 11 tribes

An unknown number of Levites

An unknown number of women & children

An unknown number of old men

An unknown number of slaves

An unknown number of Egyptian converts

Total = 2 million to 6 million

Exodus Outline Ex. 1

Growth and slavery of God’s people, Israel From about 1606 (death of Joseph) To 1542 B.C. About 64 years (2 generations)

Ex. 2-4 Preparation of God’s deliverer, Moses About 1542 – 1462 B.C About 80 years (2 generations)

Exodus Outline Ex. 5-12

10 plagues, 1st Passover and the exodus About 1462 B.C.

Ex. 13-18 Journey from Egypt to Mt. Sinai A 3 month journey – in 1462 B.C.


The Mosaic Law given on Mt. Sinai The beginning a new nation, Israel

Ex. 32 Impatience and idolatry (golden calf) God decided to kill all of Israel Moses asks God to change His mind Levites kill all the idolaters


Regiving of the Law on Mt. Sinai

Ex. 35-40 Moses instructs Israel Tabernacle constructed Priestly robes and other ritual objects made

Bible Lands Overview



EgyptEgypt

NileNile

Nile DeltaNile Delta

Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea

SinaiSinai

CanaanCanaan

© EBibleTeacher.com

Joseph’s Journey to EgyptJoseph’s Journey to Egypt

Joseph sold Joseph sold to caravanto caravan

Potiphar Potiphar & Pharaoh& Pharaoh

Joseph’s Journey to Egypt

Joseph’s Family’s Journey to Goshen Due to the Famine

Fertile Nile DeltaFertile Nile Delta

EgyptEgypt

CanaanCanaan

©

Joseph’s Family to Goshen

Route of Exodus 1Route of the Exodus

Route of Exodus 2Route of the Exodus

Route of Exodus 3

13km Underwater land bridge

Approach through valleyEgyptian Chariot WheelApproach through valleyto the sea

TrappedEgyptian Chariot WheelWhy Israel felt trapped by the sea

Gulf of AqabaGulf of Aqaba

About 1,500 meters deep for most of its length

Has a steep 45 degree slope to the bottom.

Underwater bridge 113km underwater land bridge About 900 meters wide by 13 km long

300 meters deep at the deepest point

Has a gentle slope of about 6 degrees to bottom

Underwater bridge 213km underwater land bridge

Underwater bridge 213km underwater land bridge

Water stayed backEgyptian Chariot WheelHow did the waters stay back?When Moses raised his rod over the sea and God caused a strong east wind to blow, perhaps what happened was that the water quickly froze into a thick mass of ice on either side of what became a channel or trough over this 13 km landbridge.

DivingDiving in search of chariot remains

Chariot Wheel 1Found under water on the land bridge

Chariot Wheel 2Egyptian chariot wheels with axle

Chariot Wheel 3

King Tut chariot

Chariot from King Tut’s Tomb

Mount Sinai

Mount Sinai

Exodus Themes

Redemption Deliverance Birth of Israel as and nation Falsehood of idolatry Conditional Mosaic covenant

Redemption and Deliverance

Therefore tell the children of Israel, ‘I am Yahweh, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm, and with great judgments. - Ex. 6:6

Redemption and Deliverance

Redemption – accomplished through the blood of the passover lamb

Deliverance – accomplished through the power of God

Birth of Israel as a nation

Formalized at Mount Sinai when the Law given

Every nations needs a law to govern its people

Israel is the only nation in the history of the world to receive its law directly from God

Most countries today base their laws on the Mosiac civil law

Falsehood of Idolatry

Most of the 10 plagues made one or more Egyptian gods lose face

This helped both Israelites and Egyptians see that Jehovah was the one true God

Even some Egyptians believed in Jehovah

Golden calf incident in Ex. 32

Plagues attack on godsPlague Egyptian god attacked

Nile turned Khnum: guardian of the Nile to blood Hapi: spirit of the Nile

Frogs Heqt: frog god

Plague on cattle Hathor: cow god Apis: bull of god Ptah Mnevis: sacred bull


Hail Nut: sky goddess Isis: goddess of life Seth: protector of crops

Locusts Isis: goddess of life Seth: protector of crops


Darkness Re, Aten, Atum, Horus (all sun gods of sorts)

Death of firstborn The deity of Pharaoh Osiris: the giver of life

Golden calf incident of Ex. 32

Good example of God being a jealous God Impatience and idolatry of some people God decided to kill all of Israel Moses asked God to change His mind Levites killed all the idolaters

Christ in Exodus

Giving of law

Giving of Holy Spirit

O.T saints were saved by faithin Him who was to come in the future.

N.T. saints are saved by faithin Him who has come already.

If you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham's seed, and heirs according to the promise. - Gal. 3:29 NKJV

O.T. & N.T. Contrasted

The O.T. teaches us about Godby showing us how He workedin and through the lives of individuals and nations, and what He expected of His people then.

The N.T. tells us about God and what He wants of Christians today.

O.T. & N.T. Contrasted

O.T. & N.T. Compared

Both promise blessings for obedience

Both promise curses for disobedience

Blessings and curses

“See, I am setting before you today a blessing and a curse - the blessing if you obey the commands of the LORD your God … the curse if you disobey.”

- Deut. 11:26-28 NIV


“Therefore everyone who hears these words of mine and puts them into practice is like a wise man who built his house on the rock. The rain came down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against that house; yet it did not fall, because it had its foundation on the rock.”

- Mt. 7:24,25 NIV


“But everyone who hears these words of mine and does not put them into practice is like a foolish man who built his house on sand. The rain came down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it fell with a great crash.”

- Mt. 7:26,27 NIV

Eternal importance of obeying God’s commands

Now all has been heard; here is the conclusion of the matter:Fear God and keep his commandments,for this is the whole duty of man.For God will bring every deed into judgment, including every hidden thing, whether it is good or evil.

-Ecclesiastes 12:13,14 NIV

What commands to obey

O.T. saints: O.T. commands

Timeless moral commands

Commands given through special revelation

O.T. commands

“For most certainly, I tell you, until heaven and earth pass away, not even one smallest letter or one tiny pen stroke shall in any way pass away from the law, until all things are accomplished.” - Mt. 5:18

This means that 100% of the O.T. law was expected to be obeyed until Jesus accomplished His work on the cross.

What commands to obey

N.T. saints: N.T. commands

Timeless moral commands (mentioned in both the O.T. & N.T)

Other revealed commands (unique to the N.T., but given by Jesus and the apostles)

Exclude obsolete O.T. commands(those not repeated in the N.T., like circumcision, animal sacrifices, visiting Jerusalem three times each year, not working on Saturdays, etc.)

Obsolete O.T. commands

When there is a change of the priesthood, there must also be a change of the law. - Heb. 7:12 NIV

In that He says, “A new covenant, ” He has made the first obsolete. Now what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away. - Hebrews 8:13 NKJV

Benefit of the O.T. today

These things happened to themas examples and were written downas warnings for us, ... So, if you think you are standing firm, be careful that you don't fall! - 1 Cor. 10:11,12 NIV

Be careful you don’t fall

Therefore consider the goodness and severity of God: on those who fell, severity; but toward you, goodness, if you continue in His goodness. Otherwise you also will be cut off. - Rom. 11:22 NKJV

Introduction to Exodus 19 August 2012. What is Exodus? Meanings: departure out-going From what? Egypt Slavery.

Documents

land slide

nation slide

egyptian slide

kjv slide

years old

life slide

israel israel

egypt slavery slide