Introduction to energy storage - ISEL - · ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage An independent consulting company, created in 2007, and certified as a research and

Document produced by ENEA Consulting I 89 rue Réaumur, 75002 Paris I +33 (0) 1 82 83 83 83 I www.enea-consulting.com

Introduction to energy storage

September, 12th 2012

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage

An independent consulting company, created in 2007, and certified as a research and training organization.

A team of 25 people with complementary backgrounds: managers of industrial companies, energy and sustainable development specialists, entrepreneurs and process engineers.

Our Company Our Commitment

OPERATIONS CORPORATE

Energy producers and consumers

Industrial companies

Investors

Engineering firms, equipment & technology developers

Institutional and social stakeholders

Our Clients

Forward-looking energy, environmental & societal studies

Emerging sectors & New markets

R&D, Innovation & Investment

Energy management & Engineering

Expertise & training

OFFERS

Energy efficiency & Waste recovery

Bioenergies & biofuels

New energies &Energy storage

CO2 Capture & storage

Hydrogen & Fuel cells

Industrial ecology & Social acceptability

TECHNICAL EXPERTISE

In order to build a responsible and efficient industrial future, we provide support to our clients in energy transition and sustainable development, in all phases, from strategy development to technical expertise.

Contribute to the access to energy for all :

1500 days of volunteer work, as part of 45 missions

25 partners, missions in 18 countries

15 freely distributed study reports

An R&D program on impact measurement

2

Reasons to be for Energy Storage

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 3

► Key element of a CO2-free electricity mix

► Economic leverage

► Energy independence

Intermittent renewable energy deployment

Electric peak sensitivity

ENERGY STORAGE

Constraint increase on energy/demand equilibrium

New flexible production capacities

New investments on the grid

Control on the demand side

How to store energy ?

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 4

°C °C

Electrochemical processes

Inerty

Gravity

Electromagnetic processes

Electrostatic energy

Chemichal components

Thermal storage

Fuel

°C

Electric energy

Thermal energy Industrial product

°C

Intermittency management through network connections

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 5

Electric network

Gaz Network

Heat Network

H2

Méthanation

Co

Gen

erat

ion

CC

G

Electrolysis

Biomethane Fuel Cell

Flexibility ways

Vap

ocr

acki

ng

Intermittent Renewables

Direct injection

Turbine

Storage technologies: a large diversity

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 6

Volants d’inertie

Inductances supraconductrices

Nickel-Cadmium

Lithium-IonSodium-Souffre

VanadiumZinc-Bromine

Stockage thermique d’électricité

Temps de décharge

Puissance

Secondes

Minutes

Heures

1 kW 10 kW 100 MW100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 1GW

STEP

STEP Marines

CAES

Tube hydraulique souterrain

CAES Quasi-isothermique

Hydrogène et PaC

10 Heures

Plomb-Acide

Super condensateurs

Energie

Puissance

ZincBromine

Lithium-Ion

Coût Puissance€/kW

10

100

1000

100 1000 10000

10000

Coût Energie€/kWh

Plomb-Acide

Métal-Air

Nickel-Cadmium

VanadiumSodium-Souffre

Inductances supraconductricesSuper

condensateurs

Volants d’inertie

CAES

Hydrogène et PaC

Autres CAES

STEP

STEP Marines

Energie

Puissance

STEP Terrestres conventionnelles

Autres STEP

STEP Marines

CAES conventionnel

CAES AdiabatiqueCAES Quasi-

isothermique

CAES Sous-marinAir liquide

Stockage thermique d’électricité

BatteriePlomb-Acide

BatterieNickel-Cadmium

BatterieLithium-Ion

BatterieSodium-Souffre

BatterieMétal-Air

Batterie Red-OxZinc-Bromine

Batterie Red-OxVanadium

Super condensateurs

SMES

Volants d’inertie(Haute vitesse)

Volants d’inertie(Basse vitesse)

Hydrogène et PaC

Maturité technologique

R&D Démonstrateur Commercial

► Various maturity states

► Diverse technical characteristics

► Heterogeneous costs

Storage technologies: a large diversity

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 7

Volants d’inertie

Inductances supraconductrices

Nickel-Cadmium

Lithium-IonSodium-Souffre

VanadiumZinc-Bromine

Stockage thermique d’électricité

Temps de décharge

Puissance

Secondes

Minutes

Heures

1 kW 10 kW 100 MW100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 1GW

STEP

STEP Marines

CAES

Tube hydraulique souterrain

CAES Quasi-isothermique

Hydrogène et PaC

10 Heures

Plomb-Acide

Super condensateurs

Energie

Puissance

Energy Storage economics: which service for each player ?

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 8

1 min

Fréquence

50 Hz

Seuil de délestage

1 jour

charge

déchargePuissance

3 h

EcrêtagePuissance

10 minutes

Puissance

Intermittency control

Power subscription optimisation Load shifting

Frequency regulation

Power

Power

1 day

Power

Frequency

Already proven business models

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 9

Pumped Hydro Storage and Load Shifting Thermal storage for consumption

optimization

Charge

Décharge

140 99 % of installed storage

power

1 jour

Puissance frigorifique

GW

Business models in development

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 10

Biogas storage

Centralized batteries for island systems

Industrial utility storage Grid storage and ancillary

services

Decentralized batteries, community storage

► Peak shaving, mix optimization

► Consumption displacement

► Production flexibilization

► Local consumption optimization

► Frequency regulation

Concentrated solar and heat storage

► Production buffering

Large scale technical developments

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 11

Sea PHS & marine energy

Underground thermal storage Hydrogen storage

AA - CAES

Yearly storage ?

Undergroud PHS

Social acceptance : a key stake for large scale projects

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 12

PERCEPTION =

REALITY +

2nd order signals

Generate acceptance

&

ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage

ENEA Consulting: your energy project partner

13

ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL

PERFORMANCE

EFFICIENCY & PROCESS

INNOVATION

► Stakeholder Management

► Social Acceptance

► Global Performance

► Marketing, competition

► Business model optimization

► Project financing

► Investor advisory ► Energy storage integration in

infrastructure and processes

► Energy Efficiency

► AMO, Project management

Document produced by ENEA Consulting I 89 rue Réaumur, 75002 Paris I +33 (0) 1 82 83 83 83 I www.enea-consulting.com Document produit par ENEA CONSULTING I 89, rue Réaumur 75002 Paris I +33 (0) 1 82 83 83 83 I www.enea-consulting.com

ENEA Consulting 89 rue Réaumur, 75002, Paris

Tel : +33 (0)1 82 83 83 83

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