BPMN 2.0 24/10/2012 EC-Lille, J.-P. Bourey 1 P Penser à l'Environnement avant d'imprimer ce document Consider your environmental responsibility before printing this document Cette création est mise à disposition selon le Contrat Paternité-Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale-Partage des Conditions Initiales à l'Identique 2.0 France disponible en ligne http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/fr/ ou par courrier postal à CreativeCommons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California94105, USA LM²O Jean-Pierre Bourey, Ecole Centrale de Lille October 2012 24/10/2012 Jean-Pierre Bourey, Introduction to BPMN 2.0 1 LM²O Cette création est mise à disposition selon le Contrat Paternité-Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale-Partage des Conditions Initiales à l'Identique 2.0 France disponible en ligne http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/fr/ ou par courrier postal à CreativeCommons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California94105, USA. This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 available online at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ or by regular mail at CreativeCommons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California94105, USA. 24/10/2012 Jean-Pierre Bourey, Introduction to BPMN 2.0 2 EMEA 2012
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BPMN 2.0 24/10/2012
EC-Lille, J.-P. Bourey 1
P
Penser à l'Environnement avant d'imprimer ce document
Consider your environmental responsibility before printing this document
Cette création est mise à disposition selon le Contrat Paternité-Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale-Partage des Conditions Initiales à l'Identique 2.0 France disponible en ligne http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/fr/ ou par courrier postal à CreativeCommons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California94105, USA
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Jean-Pierre Bourey, Ecole Centrale de Lille
October 2012
24/10/2012 Jean-Pierre Bourey, Introduction to BPMN 2.0
1
LM²O
Cette création est mise à disposition selon le Contrat Paternité-Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale-Partage des Conditions Initiales à l'Identique 2.0 France disponible en ligne http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/fr/ ou par courrier postal à CreativeCommons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California94105, USA.
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 available online at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ or by regular mail at CreativeCommons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California94105, USA.
24/10/2012 Jean-Pierre Bourey, Introduction to BPMN 2.0
Penser à l'Environnement avant d'imprimer ce document
Consider your environmental responsibility before printing this document
LM²O
24/10/2012 Jean-Pierre Bourey, Introduction to BPMN 2.0
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Process OWNER Chairman, Head of Division
Process Landscape
Process MANAGER Head of Department
Process Overview
Process PARTICIPANT Clerk, etc.
Parts of the Process
Process ANALYST (In-house) Consultant
Everything
Process ENGINEER Software Developer
Everything
[inspired from camunda services Gmbh]
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3) Deploy
[repository]
4) execute
[server]
5) operate
[portal] [BPMI.org]
1) Design
[designer]
6) monitor
[BAM,
SAM]
2) Simulate
[simulator]
Upd
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Initially developed by Business Process Management Institute (now part of l'OMG®)
Objective:
to build a bridge between the description and the execution of processes
Initially BPMI developed BPML (replaced by BPEL as execution language)
Origin
August 2001: BPMN 1.0 : Business Process Modeling Notation
Notation Working Group created. (35 companies, organisations, or individuals).
May, 2004: BPMN 1.0 specification released to the public
February, 2006: BPMN 1.0 adopted as an OMG standard
January, 2008: BPMN 1.1 adopted as an OMG standard
January, 2009: BPMN 1.2 adopted as an OMG standard
becomes Business Process Model and Notation
September 2009 :BPMN 2.0 Beta 1
June 2010: BPMN 2.0 Beta 2
January 2011 :BPMN 2.0
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"The primary goal of BPMN is to provide a notation that is
readily understandable by all business users,
from the business analysts that create the initial drafts of the processes,
to the technical developers responsible for implementing the technology that will perform those processes,
and finally, to the business people who will manage and monitor those processes.
Thus, BPMN creates a standardized bridge for the gap between the business process design and process implementation."
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[Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), Version 2.0 , OMG Document Number: formal/2011-01-03]
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Descriptive Process Models Suitable for high level modeling – should be comfortable for analysts that have used
flowcharts Process Map: simple flow charts of the activities
Analytic Process Models Contains the concepts most commonly used and covered in BPMN training Process Description : Process Map + description (not enough to fully define actual
performance)
Common Executable Process Models Focuses on the elements required for executable process models Process Models with enough information so that the process can be analyzed, simulated,
and/or executed
BPMN
Supports each of these levels Provides a mechanism to generate an executable Business Process (BPEL) from the business
level notation Is independent from methodologies
Avoid to get actors bogged down in details
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[BPMI.org]
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BPMN is constrained to support only the concepts of modeling that are applicable to Business Processes
The following are aspects that are out of the scope of BPMN
Definition of organizational models and resources
Modeling of functional breakdowns
Data and information models
Modeling of strategy
Business rules models
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A Process is an activity performed within a company or organization.
BPMN defines the term Process as:
A sequence or flow of Activities in an organization with the objective of carrying out work.
a Process is depicted as a graph of Flow Elements, which are a set of
Activities
Events
Gateways
Sequence Flows
that adhere to a finite execution semantics [BPMN2.0 Glossary]
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LM²O
BPMN aims to cover 3 basic models of Processes:
Processes
Collaborations
Choreographies
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BPMNDiagram is a kind of diagram that depicts all or part of a BPMN model
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OMG Document Number: formal/2011-01-03]
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Private process
Internal to a specific organization
Called workflow or BPM Processes
Called Orchestration of services in the Web services area
Can be executable or not (i.e. for documenting purpose)
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Public process
represents the interactions between a private Business Process and another Process or Participant
Only those Activities that are used to communicate to the other Participant(s) are included in the public Process
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contains two or more Pools, representing the Participants
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provides a “bird’s eye” perspective
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Process OWNER Chairman, Head of Division
Process Landscape
Process MANAGER Head of Department
Process Overview
Process PARTICIPANT Clerk, etc.
Parts of the Process
Process ANALYST (In-house) Consultant
Everything
Process ENGINEER Software Developer
Everything
[inspired from camunda services Gmbh]
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[Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), Version 2.0 OMG Document Number: formal/2011-01-03]
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24/10/2012 Jean-Pierre Bourey, Introduction to BPMN 2.0
Communication
Sub-conversation
Conversation Link
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[Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), Version 2.0 OMG Document Number: formal/2011-01-03]
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BPMN for beginners/managers
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Process OWNER Chairman, Head of Division
Process Landscape
Process MANAGER Head of Department
Process Overview
Process PARTICIPANT Clerk, etc.
Parts of the Process
Process ANALYST (In-house) Consultant
Everything
Process ENGINEER Software Developer
Everything
[inspired from camunda services Gmbh]
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Collaboration and Process diagrams
~13 concepts = 10% of the total number of concepts
Petri Nets based execution
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Collapsed Pool
Pool
Lane
Start Event
Task
Sequence Flow
MessageFlow
Intermediate Event
Gateway
Subprocess
Data Object
Association
End Event EMEA 2012
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Pools and lanes
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Events
Gateways
Artefacts
Activities
Tasks
Sub-processes
Flows
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A Process is an activity performed within a company or organization.
BPMN defines the term Process as:
A sequence or flow of Activities in an organization with the objective of carrying out work
a Process is depicted as a graph of Flow Elements, which are a set of
Activities Events
Gateways
Sequence Flows
that adhere to a finite execution semantics [BPMN2.0 Glossary]
24/10/2012 Jean-Pierre Bourey, Introduction to BPMN 2.0
48 New
LM²O
Events Pools and lanes
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Gateways
Artefacts
Activities
Tasks
Sub-processes
Flows EMEA 2012
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An Activity is work that is performed within a business process.
An Activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound).
The types of activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Sub-Process, and Task
Activities are rounded rectangles
They can be performed once or can have internally defined loops
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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A Task is an atomic activity that is included within a Process. A Task is used when the work in the Process is not broken down to a finer level of Process Model detail
There are specialized types of Tasks for sending and receiving, or user-based Tasks, etc.
Markers or icons can be added to Tasks to help identify the type of Task Markers must not change the footprint
of the Task or conflict with any other standard BPMN element
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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For the descriptive level, 3 task types are enough
Abstract Task ("None Task" in BPMN 1.2)
A Task which is not further specified
User Task
A User Task is a typical “workflow” Task where a human performer performs the Task with the assistance of a software application and is scheduled through a task list manager of some sort.
Service Task
A Service Task is a Task that uses some sort of service, which could be a Web service or an automated application.
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Sub-Processes enable hierarchical Process development
A Sub-Process is a compound activity that is included within a Process. It is compound in that it can be broken down into a finer level of detail (a Process) through a set of sub-activities
For a collapsed version of a Sub-Process, the details of the Sub-Process are not visible in the Diagram
A “plus” sign in the lower-centre of the shape indicates that the activity is a Sub-Process and has a lower-level of detail
For an expanded version of a Sub-Process, the details (a Process) are visible within its boundary
A Call Activity identifies a point where a global Process or a Global Task is used.
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
[BPMN2.0 Specifications]
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LM²O
A Process is an activity performed within a company or organization.
BPMN defines the term Process as:
A sequence or flow of Activities in an organization with the objective of carrying out work
a Process is depicted as a graph of Flow Elements, which are a set of
Activities Events
Gateways
Sequence Flows that adhere to a finite execution semantics [BPMN2.0 Glossary]
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Events Pools and lanes
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Gateways
Artefacts
Activities
Tasks
Sub-processes
Flows
LM²O
They connect a source Flow Object to a target Flow Object:
Three types
A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that activities will be performed in a Process
A Message Flow is used to show the flow of messages between two entities that are prepared to send and receive them
An Association is used to associate data, information and artifacts with flow objects
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[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that activities will be performed in a Process
The source and target must be one of the following objects:
Events
Activities
Gateways
A Sequence Flow cannot cross a Sub-Process boundary or a Pool boundary
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[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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LM²O
A Process is an activity performed within a company or organization.
BPMN defines the term Process as:
A sequence or flow of Activities in an organization with the objective of carrying out work
a Process is depicted as a graph of Flow Elements, which are a set of
Activities
Events
Gateways
Sequence Flows
that adhere to a finite execution semantics [BPMN2.0 Glossary]
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60 New
LM²O
Pools and lanes
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Gateways
Artefacts
Activities
Tasks
Sub-processes
Flows
Events
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An Event is something that “happens” during the course of a business process.
BPMN has restricted the use of events to include only those types of events that will affect the sequence or timing of activities of a process.
These Events affect the flow of the process and usually have a trigger or a result.
They can start, interrupt, or end the flow
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A Start Event
is a circle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line
indicates where a particular Process will start
starts the flow of the Process, and thus, will not have any incoming Sequence Flows
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[BPMN2.0 Specifications]
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[BPMN2.0 Specifications]
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An End Event
is a circle that MUST be drawn with a single thick line
indicates where a Process will end
All the tokens that were generated within the Process MUST be consumed by an End Event before the Process has been completed
If there is a Start Event, then there MUST be at least one End Event
If the End Event is not used, then all Flow Objects that do not have any outgoing Sequence Flow (i.e., are not a source of a Sequence Flow) mark the end of a path in the Process. However, the Process MUST NOT end until all parallel paths have completed.
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[BPMN2.0 Specifications]
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[BPMN2.0 Specifications]
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Indicates where something happens (an Event) somewhere between the start and end of a Process
Is drawn with a double thin line
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Delay between tasks
Time out (on the border)
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LM²O
A Process is an activity performed within a company or organization.
BPMN defines the term Process as:
A sequence or flow of Activities in an organization with the objective of carrying out work
a Process is depicted as a graph of Flow Elements, which are a set of
Activities Events
Gateways Sequence Flows
that adhere to a finite execution semantics [BPMN2.0 Glossary]
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Events Pools and lanes
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Gateways
Artefacts
Activities
Tasks
Sub-processes
Flows
LM²O
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A Sequence Flow MAY have a defined condition if it exits an Activity
Such an activity MUST have at least two Sequence Flows
The condition has to be True to allow the flow to continue down the Sequence Flow
A mini-diamond shows that the Sequence Flow has a condition
At least one of the outgoing Sequence Flow MUST be chosen during Process performance
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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A Sequence Flow that exits an Exclusive or Inclusive Gateway may be defined as being the default path
A hatch mark at the line beginning shows the default Sequence Flow
The default path is chosen only if all the other conditions of the Gateway are False
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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Used to control how Sequence Flows interact as they converge and diverge within a Process
All types of Gateways are diamonds Different internal markers indicate different types of behaviour
All Gateways both split and merge the flow
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[OMG BPMN Tutorial] Upd
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Exclusive Gateways (Decisions) are locations within a business process where the Sequence Flow can take two or more alternative paths.
This is basically the “fork in the road” for a process
Only one of the possible outgoing paths can be taken when the Process is performed
They are also used to merge Sequence Flow
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[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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These are the most commonly used type of Gateways.
They can be shown with or without an internal “X” marker. Without is the most common use.
The Gateway (Decision) creates alternative paths based on defined conditions
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[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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A converging Exclusive Gateway is used to merge alternative paths
Each incoming Sequence Flow token is routed to the outgoing Sequence Flow without synchronization
Be careful (see later)
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OR
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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Inclusive Gateways are Decisions where there is more than one possible outcome
If none of the Inclusive Decision Gate Condition Expressions are evaluated as “TRUE”, then the Process is considered to have an invalid model
The “O” marker is used to identify this Gateway
They are usually followed by a corresponding merging Inclusive Gateway
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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The source object MUST NOT be an Event.
The source object MAY be a Gateway, but the mini-diamond MUST NOT be displayed in this case.
The source object MAY be an activity (Task or Sub-Process) and the mini-diamond SHALL be displayed in this case.
A source Gateway MUST NOT be of type AND (Parallel).
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When the Inclusive Gateway is used as a Merge, it will wait for (synchronize) all Tokens that have been produced upstream
It does not require that all incoming Sequence Flow produce a Token (as the Parallel Gateway does)
It requires that all Sequence Flow that were actually produced by an upstream (by an Inclusive OR situation, for example)
If an upstream Inclusive OR produces two out of a possible three Tokens, then a downstream Inclusive OR will synchronize those two Tokens and not wait for another Token, even though there are three incoming Sequence Flow
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Interrupting timer
Non interrupting events
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This task is stopped after
2 hours
These flows are exclusive
Dotted line
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Parallel Gateways are places in the Process where multiple parallel paths are defined They are not required for forking in
most situations.
They can be used for methodological purposes
The “+” marker is used to identify this Gateway
The Gateway is also used to synchronize (wait for) parallel paths
[OMG BPMN Tutorial]
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Implicit Merge
Version2,
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[OMG Final Adopted BPMN 1.0 Spec 06-02-01.pdf]
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Multiple Merge,
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each token arriving at activity “D” will cause
a new instance of that activity.
[OMG Final Adopted BPMN 1.2 Spec formal/2009-01-03]
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Multiple Merge,
Discriminator
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each token arriving at activity “D” will cause
a new instance of that activity.
BPMN 1.x: When the
second token arrives, it will be excluded from the remainder of the flow. This means that the token will not be
passed on to the activity, but will be
consumed. BPMN 2.0: each token will be passed on to
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[Eloudrhiri, 08] Saïd Eloudrhiri, Pierre Halin, Vivien Monti, rapport de veille technologique Urbanisation et SOA Vers une Entreprise Agile version 1, Centre de compétences TIC, Région wallone, BE, Vivansa, 16/09/2008, www.vivansa.com.
[Fournier-Morel et al., 08] Xavier Fournier-Morel, Pascal Grojean, Guillaume Plouin, Cyril Rognon, SOA le guide de l'architecture SI, 2ème édition, Collection InfoPro - 368 pages - 2008 - 2e édition, Dunod.
[Gartner 09] Gartner's 2009 Hype Cycle Special Report Evaluates Maturity of 1,650 Technologies, 2009, http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1124212.
[Vendeville, 09] Eric Vendeville Les 5 piliers fondamentaux d’un Socle de Gouvernance SOA, le 27/03/09, http://www.soablog.fr/2009/03/27/les-5-piliers-fondamentaux-dun-socle-de-gouvernance-soa/
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