Introduction: • Slopes either occur naturally or are engineered by humans. • An understanding of geology, hydrology, and soil properties is central to applying slope stability principles properly. • Analyses must be based upon a model that accurately represents site surface conditions, ground behavior, and applied loads. • Type of Analysis
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Introduction: Slopes either occur naturally or are engineered by humans. An understanding of geology, hydrology, and soil properties is central to applying.
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Introduction:
• Slopes either occur naturally or are engineered by humans.
• An understanding of geology, hydrology, and soil properties is
central to applying slope stability principles properly.
• Analyses must be based upon a model that accurately
represents site surface conditions, ground behavior, and
applied loads.
• Type of Analysis
Aim of slope
• Assess the stability of slopes under short-term
• Assess the possibility of slope failure / satbility
• Understand failure mechanisms and the influence
• Enable the redesign of failed slopes and the planning and design
• The effect of seismic loadings on slopes
• Safe and economic design of excavations, embankments, earth
dams, landfills, and spoil heaps .
FACTORS AFFECTING SLOPE FAILURE
Introduction
Geological discontinuities
Effect of Water
Geotechnical Properties of Material
Mining Methods
State of stress
Geometry slope:
Temperature
Erosion
Seismic effect
Vegetation
TYPES OF ROCK SLOPE FAILURE
Introduction
Plane failure
Wedge Failure:
Toppling failure
Rockfalls
Rotational Failure
Rock Slope Stability Analysis: Limit Equilibrium Method
Planar Failure Analysis Sliding analysis of a block Plane failure analysis along a discontinuity Water is filled in discontinuitiesTension crack present in the upper slope surface Tension crack present in the slope surface The tension crack is filled with water with upper slope angle Effect of rock bolts
Wedge Failure Analysis Analysis of wedge failure considering only frictional resistance Analysis of wedge failure with cohesion and friction angle
Toppling Failure Analysis Kinematics of block toppling failure Limit equilibrium analysis for toppling failure Stability analysis of flexural toppling
Important considerationsContinuum versus discontinuum modelsSelecting appropriate zone size Initial conditionsBoundary conditionsWater pressureExcavation sequence
Important failure indicators in slope analysisFactor of SafetyUnbalanced ForceGridpoint VelocitiesPlastic IndicatorsDisplacement Failure Surface
STABILITY ANALYSIS IN PRESENCE OF WATER
Introduction Common terms used in simulation of water Important Geotechnical properties related to water
Permeability Hydraulic Conductivity Factor affecting soil permeability and hydraulic conductivity Matrix suction Consistency of soil
Pore PressuresInfiltrationRainfall Infiltration Model.Simulation of water
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Introduction
Types of seismic wave
Dynamic Soil Properties
Field Measurements of Dynamic Modulus
Ground Motion Estimates
Factors Affecting Ground Motion:
Simulation of seismic effect
Pseudo-static approach
Wedge Method
Method of Slices
Inertia Slope Stability – Newmark Method
SLOPE STABILIZATION
Introduction Removal And Repair Excavation & repair Catchment & Wire NettingGrading & SerratingBenchingResloping and unloadingLightweight FillCounterbermsTrimmingShear KeysScaling
Drainage and Water ControlSurface DrainageSubsurface Drainage
Stabilization Through Support Steel reinforcement Rock anchorRock Bolts Rock DowelsSoil NailingPilesGeosynthetic Reinforcement
Introduction Method of Construction in lift sectionMethods of Stability CalculationShear Strength of dump material
Particle shape, roundness and grain surface texture Effect of moisture condition on shear strength
Factors Affecting Dump StabilityDump Configuration Foundation ConditionsDump Material PropertiesDumping method Dumping RateSeismicity and Dynamic StabilityTopographyDump drainage
Material properties and testing Bulk Gradation Plasticity of Fines Index Properties and Classification Hydraulic Conductivity Consolidation Strength Mineralogy and Soil Chemistry In Situ Density Compaction
Tailing Dam
Failure Modes in tailing dams Rotational SlidingFoundation FailureOvertoppingErosionPipingTailings Impoundment Design Mill Location Topography Geology and Ground Water Tailings impoundmentsTailings storage facilities
Methods for Tailings DisposalUpstream MethodDownstream Method Centerline Method
Classification systems in slope stability analysis
GeneralSlope Mass Rating (SMR)Chinese Slope Mass Rating System (CSMR)Rock slope rating (RSR)Slope stability rating (SSR) classification systemDump mass rating
Introduction of softcomputing approach in slope stability