introduction of pharmacology

Welcome to my presentation

Madhuri Mondal

20150109031

A presentation on introduction of pharmacology

Definition of pharmacologypharmacology is the branch of science of drug that includes history ,source ,physical and chemical properties , absorbtion ,distortion , mode of action ,metabolism ,excretion , therapeutic use & side effect of drug.

Branch of pharmacologyThere are mainly two branch1.Pharmacodynamics2.pharmacokynetics

PhamacodynamicsWhat the drug does to the body .It showes the pharmacological action .For example ,the study of therapeutic effect and side effect of drug

Pharmacokinetics

What the body does to the drug .It includes the study of ADME(absorbtion , distribution,Metabolism , excretion of drug)

Difference between drug &medicine Drug Medicine1.Drug are chemical substance which can change the physical & physiological state.2.From biological source.3.It has no dose &doses form.4.Not always useful.5.Non selective.

1.Medicine are drug which used to cure &treat illness.2.Modifided from drug .3.It has dose &doses form. 4.Alawys useful.5.Selective.

Route of drug administration Enteral OralSublingualRectalParenteral Intravenous IntraarterialIntramascular Intracutanneoussubcutaneous

Route of drug administrationInhalation Intranasal IntraspinalIntraventicular Topical Transdarmal

Factors affecting choice of route of administrationPhysical state Chemical stateSight of action Rapidity of action Emergency of treatmentCondition of patient

Dose response curveIt is a relationship between dose and response. There are two types of dose response curve.1.Graded dose response relationship2.Quantal dose response relationship

Dose response curve

Importance of dose response curve

Use to calculate ED50 & LD50.Study of antagonis become easier.Compare affinity &efficacy of drug.

Absorbtion of drug Mainly four types Passive diffusionFiltration Specialized transport pinosytosis

Therapeutic index It is the ratio of LD50 & ED50 .It is

also called therapeutic safety.TI=LD50\ED50

Important issues ToxicologyThe science that investigates the adverse effects of chemicals on health. Side effectsIt is the effect of drug which is undesirable but unavoidable . Adverse effect Any response to drug which is noxious & unintendent .

“Poisons in small doses are the best medicines; and useful medicines in too large doses are poisonous”

William Withering 1789

Thanks to all