Introduction Go to this website: s/history/egypt/egyptianmap/ .

Ancient EgyptOverview

IntroductionGo to this website: http://www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk/interactives/history/egypt/egyptianmap/

Play through the following interactives and screenshot the quiz score for each section “Explore Ancient Egypt” “Ancient Egyptian Gods” “Writing in Hieroglyphs” “Making a Mummy” “The Egyptian Number System”-Stage 6 “Pyramid

Problems” Show your work on a piece of paper!

Pop Quiz1. Name the river that ancient Egyptian Civilization depended on for

survival.

2. True or False, Ancient Egyptians had a monotheistic religion?

3. What did the double crown of Egypt that the Pharaoh wore represent?A. That he was the political leader and the spiritual leader of Egypt

B. That he was the ruler of the unified Upper and Lower Egypt

C. That he was the ruler of the living and the dead

D. That he was on fleek in the day and night

4. What was the written language of Ancient Egypt called? A. Cuneiform

B. Egyptian

C. Hieroglyphics

D. Phoenician

5. Which continent is Egypt a part of?A. Australia

B. Europe

C. Africa

D. South America

*BONUS* Which ruler of Egypt was probably the first to unite the two kingdoms of Egypt?

Pop Quiz1. Name the river that ancient Egyptian Civilization depended on for

survival.

2. True or False, Ancient Egyptians had a polytheistic religion?

3. What was a ruler called in Ancient Egypt?A. Emperor

B. King

C. Sultan

D. Pharaoh

4. What was the written language of Ancient Egypt called? A. Cuneiform

B. Hieroglyphics

C. Egyptian

D. Phoenician

5. Which continent is Egypt a part of?A. Africa

B. Australia

C. Europe

D. South America

*BONUS* What was the name of the group of people that took control of Egypt c. 1640 BCE?

Pop Quiz1. Name the river that ancient Egyptian Civilization depended on for

survival.

2. True or False, Ancient Egyptians had a monotheistic religion?

3. What was a ruler called in Ancient Egypt?A. Emperor

B. King

C. Sultan

D. Pharaoh

4. What was the written language of Ancient Egypt called? A. Cuneiform

B. Hieroglyphics

C. Egyptian

D. Phoenician

5. What were the two main regions of Egypt called? A. Upper & Lower Egypt

B. Marsh & Delta

C. Northern & Southern Egypt

D. Desert & Sea

*BONUS* What are the rocky, fast flowing sections of the river that prevented boats from traveling south into the interior of Africa called?

Geography Isolated

Distinctive culture emerges Protected from invasions and foreign cultures

Natural Boundaries Mediterranean Sea Red Sea Sahara Desert (Libyan Desert) Eastern Desert (mountainous)

Upper and Lower Egypt Upper Egypt has a higher

elevation and the Nile starts there Lower Egypt has a lower elevation

and the Nile ends there

LocationLocated in North East

Africa Sinai Peninsula is sometimes

considered to be part of the Middle East/Asia

About 99% of people live in an area that takes of 5.5% of the country

The Nile River Valley

Deserts surround the Nile Valley

Mediterranean Sea to the North

Red Sea to the East

Nile River Valley

“The Gift of the Nile”

Civilization was only possible due to the Nile River

Annual flooding of the Nile River Brings silt + water for irrigation= agriculture and

civilization

Fertile land in the desert

Trade, transportation, food (agriculture and prey animals), communication, drinking and bathing water, even papyrus comes from the Nile

Origins

Settlement circa 3000 BCE “Ancient Egyptian Civilization” 3000-1000 BCE Greek influences after Alexander the

Great/Ptolemy from 332-31 BCE Roman conquest 31 BCE

Various periods: Dynastic Period, Old Kingdom, Intermediate Periods, New Kingdom, Hellenistic or Ptolemaic Kingdom

Religion

Polytheistic

Changes over time Several creation stories Similar elements http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/story/main.html

Pharaoh is physical embodiment of the gods, usually the Sun god

Strong emphasis on the afterlife Mummification and Pyramid tombs http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/mummies/story/

main.html

Achievements

365 Day solar calendar- (3 seasons of 3 months plus 5 extra days for feasting and holidays)

Pyramids- Huge structures, elaborate tombs

Papyrus- An early form of paper made from a reed like plant that grew along the Nile

Makeup- Kohl, dark eye make-up for men and women to protect their eyes from sun and sand

Many advancements in mathematics, medicine, science, and architecture

Politics

Ruled by a pharaoh Chief advisor is called a vizier Considered to be a god Theocracy= religious leader Absolute power

Dynasties

Kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt united c. 3200 BCE by Narmer Double Crown symbolizes ruling both

Economy

Agriculture/Trade Based

Traded up and down river Nile is a choke point, rulers could extract tributes

as merchants sail

Barter (trading goods and services)

Eventually coin based

Mediterranean Sea trade Exported (sent out) grains, gold, linen, papyrus Imported (brought in) timber, tin, copper, other

metals, precious stones, olive oil, and exotic animals

Society Ruled by Pharaoh, a hereditary ruler of Egypt

Supreme ruler, owned everything and was considered to be the physical form of the Sun god

Advised by the Vizier, second in command and highest judge in the land, all advisers report to him, he in turn reports to Pharaoh

Nomes ruled by Nomarchs (think states and governors)

Priests and judges were educated and helped keep order

Police forces also keep order

Peasant farmers and slaves at the bottom

Women

Wives and mothers first

Could serve as regents and pharaohs

Several rights Own, buy, and sell property Run businesses Divorce Entitled to 1/3 of husband’s property More equality

Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut (c. 1500 BCE) First female ruler “of note” in Egypt When her husband died, she said the sun god

proclaimed her pharaoh Wore men’s clothing and false beard Prosperous rule approx. 20 years Trade, building projects, warfare When the “rightful” heir matures he

seized power and destroys records

Nefertiti

Nefertiti (c. 1370 BCE)

Married to Akhenaten, who was the father of Tutankhamun (aka King Tut)

Ruled as co-pharaoh and co-regent for a time, possibly as pharaoh in her own right

Monotheism to Egypt (Cult of Aten) worship only the sun god

Cleopatra

Born c. 70 BCE

Co-pharaoh with brother, driven out and then takes control

Last pharaoh of Egypt

Alliances with Rome (Julius Caesar and later Mark Anthony) to protect her power

Battle of Actium 31 BCE

Commits suicide in 30 BCE

Egyptian Rivals Hittites- Lived in Asia Minor (Anatolian

Peninsula/modern day nation of Turkey) Written language similar to Babylonian Cuneiform Indo-European origin Expanded Empire into Syria and Mesopotamia Ultimately conquered by the Assyrians

Nubia- Lived in Upper Egypt, above the first cataract of the Nile and around the Red Sea (Kush) Several conflicts with Egyptians Known for abundant supplies of gold

Hyksos- “Rulers from distant lands” Invaded Egypt, ruled for about 100 years eventually

kicked out Introduced the chariot, compound bow and better axes Let Egyptians keep much of their culture during rule

Bell Ringer

What two places is The Reluctant God set in?

What two time periods is The Reluctant God set in?

Who are some of the main characters? What are they like?

Make a prediction, what do you think is going to happen next? How will these two worlds meet?

Bell Ringer

What continent is Egypt located on?

What are the two seas that serve as natural boundaries of Egypt?

Why is Egyptian civilization referred to as “The Gift of the Nile?”

Reluctant God Quiz1) What age is Lorna from?

a. Twentieth Century C.E.b. Twentieth Century B.C.E.c. Twentieth Century B.C.d. 2015 C.E.

2) What modern game is most like the game ‘hound and hares’ described in the novel?

a. Tagb. Hide and Seekc. Telephoned. None of the above

3) Who is supposed to be the next pharaoh?a. Amenib. Sithatorc. Senusertd. Lorna

4) True or False. Ameni is the younger of the twin sons of the pharaoh?

5) What did the pharaoh bring back from Nubia? a. Goldb. Jewelsc. Slavesd. A cough

BONUS: What material is Ameni’s amulet made out of?

Lab Procedures Write your name, date and block on your plastic bag

Fill out the lab report (using the block you have science)

Place your apple slice in your plastic bag

Seal the bag

Using a ruler, measure the length, width and height of your apple slice

Unseal your bag

Add ½ cup of drying agent (salt, baking soda, or both depending on your group)

Make sure apple slice is completely covered

Reseal your bag

Record your findings and follow directions on lab report

Today

Take out your Egyptian Creation Story comic strip

Take out your Text/Me charts

Take out your “Egyptian and Nubian Empires” Cornell Notes and answers to questions 3-6

Take out a pencil AND a marker or pen

Sit quietly as I pass out Action Magazine answer sheets

Quiz Questions Write one quiz question for each chapter (total of

four, counts as classwork grade)

They must be multiple choice

They must have four answer choices

You must provide the correct answer

You must provide the page number where you can find the answer

Your next quiz will be made out of the questions you and your classmates prepare!